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51.
V. L. M. Pádua L. D. Fernandes D. E. de Oliveira E. Mansur 《In vitro cellular & developmental biology. Plant》1998,34(4):285-288
An efficient clonal propagation procedure for a Brazilianindica rice subspecies was developed with shoot apex explants. Shoot apices were excised from 4-d-old seedlings and cultured on
MS medium supplemented with 8.9 μM 6-benzyladenine. The efficiency of shoot production was influenced by growth regulators and light treatments to the donor
plant. Explants derived from seedlings growth in the presence of 10.7 μM naphthaleneacetic acid and in the absence of light showed significantly increased regeneration capacity as compared to control
explants. Anatomical analysis of the new shoot meristems revealed that they originated from preexisting apical and axillary
meristem as well as from the mesocotyl parenchyma. 相似文献
52.
Summary Proliferation of meristematic clusters of several plants in an inexpensive airlift bioreactor system, consisting of a disposable
presterilized light transmittable plastic film vessel is described. The optimal shape, size, and structural function of the
disposable plastic bioreactor are based on the bubble column and airlift glass bioreactors. The disposable bioreactors are
designed in a conical configuration with a single inoculation and harvest port and multiple use dispensing and mixing accessories.
Shearing damage and foaming problems known to exist in bioreactors due to the plant's rigid cell wall and size were greatly
reduced in the disposable plastic bioreactors. The disposable bioreactors were used for propagule proliferation and growth,
using meristem and bud clusters of potato, fern, banana, and gladiolus. The clusters' biomass increased five-to eightfold
over a period of 26–30 d, depending on the species. The clusters were separated mechanically by a chopper made of a grid of
knives. The chopped propagules were inoculated to agar medium for further growth and developed into transplantable plants.
In the case of gladiolus and potato, corms and tubers developed in a sucrose-elevated storage organ induction medium, respectively,
after the initial formation of small shoots. The plantlets and storage organs were transplanted to an acclimation greenhouse
and continued to grow with a 95–100% survival, depending on the species. Plant development was followed for a period of 16
wk in fern and 12–14 wk in potato, banana, and gladiolus and normal shoot and leaf growth was observed. The feasibility of
large-scale liquid cultures for plant micropropagation is discussed. 相似文献
53.
S. R. Thengane D. K. Kulkarni K. V. Krishnamurthy 《In vitro cellular & developmental biology. Plant》1998,34(4):331-334
Summary Apical and axillary buds ofGlycyrrhiza glabra commonly known as licorice, a plant of repute in the Indian system of medicine, were used for induction of adventitious shoots.
For induction of multiple shoots, Murashige and Skoog’s (MS) medium with N6-benzyladenine (BA, 0.88–8.87 μM) was used. Reduction in major salts of MS medium enhanced the multiplication ratio up to 1∶10. Plants transferred to the
greenhouse showed 90% survival. The present work describes a stepwise protocol for production ofGlycyrrhiza glabra plants on simple minimal media, where very high multiplication rates with healthy root systems were obtained. Roots being
the organ of commercial importance, the protocol has tremendous potential. 相似文献
54.
Kim Yong Wook Youn Yang Noh Eu Rae Kim Joon Chul 《Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture》1998,55(2):95-101
Embryogenic tissue was initiated using LM, LP and MS media from open-pollinated immature embryos of Larix leptolepis. The
initiation frequency varied with collection dates. The highest frequencies of embryogenic tissue initiation (60, 67 and 59%
on LM, LP and MS media, respectively) were observed from cones collected on July 30. At this time, all the excised embryos
were at the cotyledonary stage. ABA over a wide concentration and length of exposure range did not promote maturation, but
was beneficial in reducing precocious germination. Of over 400 plants regenerated, 72 were transplanted into soil mixtures
and to date, 69 of these (95%) have survived.
This revised version was published online in June 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
55.
Enhancement of in vitro growth of papaya multishoots by aeration 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Lai Chuo-Chun Yu Tsong-Ann Yeh Shyi-Dong Yang Jiu-Sherng 《Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture》1998,53(3):221-225
Efficient micropropagation of papaya (Carica papaya L.) has become crucial for multiplication of specific sex types of papaya
or transgenic lines resistant to virus infection. In this study, aeration at different intervals with a 0.02 μm filter disc
in the closure of culture flasks ensured exchange of gas components. The effect of aeration on development of multibuds to
multishoots was investigated. Multibuds grown in culture flasks after one-week without aeration followed by a two-week aeration
treatment caused a 41% increase in the number of shoots ≥0.5 cm, 42% increase in leaf expansion, and 17% increase in leaf
numbers in comparison with unaerated materials. Ethylene and oxygen concentrations in the culture flasks were measured by
gas chromatography and oxygen electrode at weekly intervals during the culture period. Oxygen concentrations were slightly
different between aerated and unaerated culture flasks. Ethylene in the unaerated flask reached the highest level (0.11 ppm)
2 weeks after the treatment, while accumulation of ethylene in the aerated flasks was not detected. The multishoots grown
for 3 weeks without aeration showed growth retardation on leaves and epinasty on petioles.
This revised version was published online in June 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
56.
In vitro regeneration from leaf explants of Neoregelia cruenta (R. Graham) L.B. Smith,an endemic bromeliad from Eastern Brazil 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Carneiro L.A. Araújo R.F.G. Brito G.J.M. Fonseca M.H.P.B. Costa A. Crocomo O.J. Mansur E. 《Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture》1998,55(2):79-83
An efficient plant regeneration system was developed for the induction of direct shoot formation from leaves derived from
seedlings of Neoregelia cruenta, an endemic Bromeliaceae of Eastern Brazil. Shoot differentiation occurred directly from the
leaf bases. In vitro responses were influenced by seedling age and growth regulator combinations. Highest regeneration rates
were obtained from explants excised from 7-week-old seedlings cultured in the presence of 22 μM BA and 2.5 μM NAA. Shoot conversion
to whole plants was most effective in shoots formed in response to 4.4 or 8.8 μM BA combined with 2.5 μM NAA.
This revised version was published online in June 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
57.
In vitro shoot culture and microtuber induction in the steroid yam Dioscorea composita Hemsl 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
Alizadeh Sedigeh Mantell Sinclair H. MariaViana Ana 《Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture》1998,53(2):107-112
The individual effects of sucrose, plant growth regulators and basal salt media formulations were investigated on microtuber
induction and development in shoot cultures of the steroid yam Dioscorea composita. Sucrose at 8% (w/v) was the single most
significant medium constituent for microtuber induction. Of the four cytokinins tested, 6-benzyladenine at 1.25 and 2.5 μM
showed strong inhibitory effects on microtuber induction. By contrast, the auxins α-naphthaleneacetic acid and indole-3-butyric
acid at 5.0 μM showed striking promotive effects on microtuber induction and growth. In the presence of either one of these
auxins at 5.0 μM shoot cultures produced microtubers weighing 300–400 mg fresh weight whilst kinetin, 6-(γ,γ-dimethylallylamino)-purine,
6-benzyladenine and abscisic acid failed to promote microtuber growth (microtubers weighed generally <200 mg). Media formulations
Lloyd and MacCown and White supported the lowest frequencies of microtuber induction when kinetin was present at 2.5 μM. Anderson
Rhododendron was as effective as Murashige and Skoog overall in promoting both microtuber induction and growth. When removed
from cultures and planted in sterilized moist sand, microtubers sprouted readily (60–87% within 2 weeks) and produced vigorous
shoot growth and after 5–7 months minitubers of sizes (30–80 g) suitable for direct field planting.
This revised version was published online in June 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
58.
HYOUNG SEOK KIM GUIRONG ZHANG JOHN A. JUVIK JACK M. WIDHOLM 《Global Change Biology Bioenergy》2010,2(4):192-200
The perennial rhizomatous grass, Miscanthus×giganteus is an ideal biomass crop due to its rapid vegetative growth and high biomass yield potential. As a naturally occurring sterile hybrid, M. ×giganteus must be propagated vegetatively by mechanically divided rhizomes or from micropropagated plantlets. Plant regeneration through somatic embryogenesis is a viable approach to achieve large‐scale production of plantlets in tissue culture. Effect of the callus types, ages and culture methods on the regeneration competence was studied to improve regeneration efficiency and shorten the period of tissue culture in M. ×giganteus. Shoot‐forming calli having a yellow or white compact callus with light‐green shoot‐like structures showed the highest regeneration frequency. Percentage of shoot‐forming callus induction from immature inflorescence explants was 41% on callus induction medium containing 13.6 μM 2,4‐d and 0.44 μM benzyladenine (BA). The use of a regeneration medium containing 1.3 μM NAA and 22 μM BA was effective at shortening the incubation period required for plantlet regeneration, with 69% of total regenerated plantlets obtained within 1 month of incubation on regeneration medium. Embryogenic‐like callus morphotype could maintain regeneration competency for up to 1 year as suspension cultures. Field grown regenerated plants showed normal phenotypic development with DNA content and plant heights comparable to rhizome propagated plants. Winter survival rates of the regenerated plants planted in 2006 and 2007 at the University of Illinois South Farm, Urbana‐Champaign, Illinois, were 78% and 56%, respectively. 相似文献
59.
Koen Gillis Johan Gielis Hilde Peeters Emmy Dhooghe Jan Oprins 《Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture》2007,91(2):115-123
A reliable protocol for mass propagation via somatic embryogenesis in mature bamboos has been established using pseudospikelets
of Bambusa balcooa. Fourty percent of the explants gave rise to multiple regenerants within 4 months. This conversion rate is sufficiently high
to use the process in commercial mass production. Further, shoot apical meristems can also be used as primary explants without
lost of efficiency.
Regenerated plants were uniform and identical to the mother plant and to plants obtained by axillary branching with respect
to growth characteristics and morphology. Furthermore, epigenetic changes could not be detected by Methylation Sensitive AFLP
(MSAP). During the complete process no changes in ploidy level could be observed.
The process allows for a cost reduction for this tropical bamboo for forestry of up to 57% compared to micropropagation via
axillary branching. For the first time, a reliable process based on somatic embryogenesis has been developed that is well
suited for commercial micropropagation of elite mature bamboos. 相似文献
60.