Expression and methylation status of 14-3-3 sigma gene can characterize the different histological features of ovarian cancer

We hypothesize that 14-3-3 sigma gene expression and its regulation by methylation can characterize histological types of primary human epithelial ovarian cancer. To test this hypothesis, ovarian cancer cell lines and 54 ovarian cancer tissue samples were analyzed for expression and methylation of 14-3-3 sigma gene using methylation specific PCR. The results of our experiments demonstrate that 14-3-3 sigma gene was methylated and inactivated in ES-2 ovarian cell line, which was derived from clear cell adenocarcinoma. Treatment of this cell line with demethylating agent 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine restored the expression of 14-3-3 sigma gene. In human ovarian cancer tissues, the expression of 14-3-3 sigma protein was inactivated in most of the ovarian clear cell carcinoma tissues. Interestingly, 14-3-3 sigma protein expression was positive in significantly higher percentages of serous (89.5%), endometrioid (90%), and mucinous (81.8%) ovarian adenocarcinoma tissues. The ovarian clear cell carcinoma samples with inactivated 14-3-3 sigma protein were highly methylated, suggesting that inactivation of 14-3-3 sigma gene is through DNA methylation. Using direct DNA sequencing, 14-3-3 sigma gene methylation on all the 17 CpG sites was significantly higher in ovarian clear cell carcinoma as compared to other histological types of ovarian cancer (serous, endometrioid, and mucinous). This is the first report suggesting that 14-3-3 sigma gene expression and methylation status can characterize histological features of different types of ovarian cancer.     

替莫唑胺在侵袭性垂体瘤及垂体腺癌中的治疗进展

替莫唑胺(TMZ)是一种口服二代咪唑并四嗪类具有抗肿瘤活性的烷化剂,通过对DNA鸟嘌呤的甲基化来干扰基因转录而诱导DNA损伤,目前是治疗恶性胶质瘤的一线化疗药物.最近有关于TMZ治疗侵袭性垂体腺瘤及垂体癌的报道,有效率分别为60％和69％,且未发生明显并发症.O6-甲基鸟嘌呤-DNA转移酶(MGMT)的表达水平与其疗效呈负相关,从而可能干扰其疗效,由于目前缺乏对垂体癌及侵袭性垂体瘤的有效治疗手段,所以不应否认TMZ对此类患者的治疗有效性.TMZ对侵袭性垂体瘤及垂体癌的治疗机制及有效性仍需进一步探索.     

CircPUM1 promotes the malignant behavior of lung adenocarcinoma by regulating miR-326

CircRNAs are reported to be implicated in the development of lung cancer. This study focused on assessing the expression, functions and molecular mechanism of circPUM1 in lung adenocarcinoma. Here, it showed that circPUM1 is significantly upregulated in both lung adenocarcinoma cell lines and tissues. Furthermore, silencing of circPUM1 impaired the proliferation, migration and invasion ability, and increased apoptosis in A549?cells. Nevertheless, overexpression of circPUM1 in SPC-A1 cells has the opposite effect. Silencing of circPUM1 inhibits the tumorigenesis in nude mice. Mechanistically, circPUM1 could sponge miR-326 and promote the expression of its downstream proteins Cyclin D1 and Bcl-2. In summary, this present study revealed that circPUM1 functions as an oncogene to promote the tumorigenesis of lung adenocarcinoma through circPUM1/miR-326/Cyclin D1 and Bcl-2 axis. This indicates that circPUM1 may act as a potential therapeutic target for lung adenocarcinoma.     

TAp73调节肺腺癌细胞的血管生成能力依赖P53状态

TAp73是P53家族的一员,能够调节肿瘤的生成、侵袭和转移。但是,TAp73调节肿瘤血管生成的作用备受争议。本研究将外源TAp73转染至P53基因表达状态不同的两株肺腺癌细胞系H1299(P53-null)和A549(wt P53)中,观察TAp73对肿瘤血管生成的作用并探讨与P53基因的关系。首先,使用RT-PCR和Western印迹验证转染效率。细胞划痕实验表明,TAp73在A549细胞中促进细胞迁移,而在H1299细胞中抑制细胞迁移。体外HUVEC血管形成结果表明,TAp73在A549细胞中促进细胞血管形成,而在H1299细胞中抑制细胞血管形成。同时,血管生成抑制蛋白1（VASH1）的表达水平,也分别升高或降低。 本文研究结果表明,TAp73对肺腺癌细胞血管生成的作用依赖于P53基因的状态：在野生型P53基因存在时,TAp73促进血管生成,而在缺失P53基因的情况下,TAp73抑制血管生成。本研究对于TAp73作为肿瘤的潜在治疗靶点具有重要意义。     

Identification of putative serum glycoprotein biomarkers for human lung adenocarcinoma by multilectin affinity chromatography and LC-MS/MS

Glycoproteins in human serum play fundamental roles in many biological processes, and also have clinical value as biomarkers for disease progression and treatment. In this study, we isolated glycoproteins from the sera of three healthy individuals and three lung adenocarcinoma patients using multilectin affinity chromatography. The recovered glycoproteins were subjected to treatment with peptide-N-glycosidase F (PNGase F) and in-gel digestion by trypsin. Tryptic peptides were analyzed by nano-LC coupled to ESI-MS/MS and the MS/MS spectra were processed by Bioworks 3.2 and an in-house bioinformatics tool, ProtAn. Approximately 90% of the proteins identified contained more than one potential glycosylation site. Comparison of the serum glycoproteome of healthy and adenocarcinoma individuals revealed 38 cancer-selective proteins. Among them, 60% have previously been reported as low abundance proteins in human sera. We identified several cancer-selective proteins that have been previously characterized as potential indicators of lung cancer in serum or plasma, including haptoglobin (HP), inter-alpha-trypsin inhibitor heavy chain 4 (ITI-H4), complement C3 precursor, and leucine-rich alpha-2-glycoprotein. In addition, plasma kallikrein (KLKB1) and inter-alpha-trypsin inhibitor heavy chain 3 (ITI-H3) were identified as being potentially elevated in the lung cancer group, and were validated by Western blot analysis. Furthermore, approximately 18 kDa plasma kallirein protein fragment was detected at high levels in 25 out of 28 adenocarcinoma patients, while one of the eight normal individuals showed moderate positive. The results suggest that KLKB1 represents a potential candidate serum biomarker of lung cancer.     

抗人肺腺癌单克隆抗体重,轻链可变区基因的分离克隆和序列测定

根据鼠免疫球蛋白重。轻链可变区基因ＦＲ１和ＦＲ４的序列保守性,化学合成了适于体外扩增Ｉｇ重、轻链可变区基因（Ｖ_Ｈ和Ｖ_Ｌ）的数对引物。以分泌抗人肺腺癌单抗的杂交瘤细胞株ＷＬＡ－２Ｃ４的基因组ＤＮＡ为模板,ＰＣＲ扩增Ｖ_Ｈ和Ｖ_Ｌ基因,分别克隆人ｐＵＣ１９载体。转化子经蓝、白斑筛选,酶切鉴定,双脱氧测序证实确为鼠单抗可变区基因,其中Ｖ_Ｈ基因全长为３４８ｂｐ,编码１１６ａａ,属重链ⅡＢ亚类;Ｖ_Ｌ基因全长３１８ｂｐ,编码１０６ａａ,属Ｋ轻链Ⅵ亚类。     

稳定表达p120ctn的人肺腺癌A549细胞株的构建

目的:构建稳定表达p120ctn的A549细胞株,以研究p120ctn蛋白在肺癌发生和转移过程中的作用。方法:通过分子克隆,将pc DNA3.1多克隆位点插入Flag标签的编码序列,得到pc DNA.Flag表达载体。然后PCR扩增p120ctn的编码序列,插入Flag标签下游,构建pc DNA.Flag-p120ctn质粒,筛选阳性克隆并进行酶切及测序鉴定。利用脂质体Lipofectamine 2000将pc DNA.Flag-p120ctn质粒转染到肺癌细胞A549中,通过G418筛选得到稳定转染细胞株,免疫印迹法检测p120ctn的表达。结果:本文构建了融合有Flag标签的p120ctn真核表达载体并转染到A549中,免疫印迹结果表明p120ctn蛋白在A549细胞中高效的表达。结论:本文成功构建了稳定高表达p120ctn的A549细胞模型,为深入研究p120ctn在肺癌的发生和转移过程中的作用奠定了基础。     

Choline Transporters in Human Lung Adenocarcinoma： Expression and Functional Implications

Choline is an essential nutrient for cell survival and proliferation, however, the expression and function of choline transporters have not been well identified in cancer. In this study, we detected the mRNA and protein expression of organic cation transporter OCT3, carnitine/cation transporters OCTN 1 and OCTN2, and choline transporter-like protein CTL1 in human lung adenocarcinoma cell lines A549, H 1299 and SPC-A-1. Their expression pattern was further confirmed in 25 human primary adenocarcinoma tissues. The choline uptake in these cell lines was significantly blocked by CTL1 inhibitor, but only partially inhibited by OCT or OCTN inhibitors. The efficacy of these inhibitors on cell proliferation is closely correlated with their abilities to block choline transport. Under the native expression of these transporters, the total choline uptake was notably blocked by specific PI3K/AKT inhibitors. These results describe the expression of choline transporters and their relevant function in cell proliferation of human lung adenocarcinoma, thus providing a potential ＂choline-starvation＂ strategy of cancer interference through targeting choline transporters, especially CTL1.     

抑制消减杂交技术在肿瘤转移调控研究中的应用

为探讨肿瘤转移发生的分子生物学机制奠定基础,通过使用抑制消减杂交技术从一对同一新本、转移表型不同的人肺巨细胞癌细胞株中分离转移抑制相关基因可核苷酸片段。结果获得５个在低转移肺巨细胞癌中高表达的、均与已知的人类基因片段有很高同源性的核苷酸片段,它们可能在维持肿瘤细胞自身稳定防止转移中起重要作用。