培菲康双歧三联活菌制剂中三株菌对抗菌药物敏感性检测

目的：检测培菲康活菌制剂中双歧杆菌,嗜酸乳杆菌与粪链球菌三株菌对30种抗菌药物的敏感性。方法：用纸片琼脂扩散法（disc agar diffusion,即Kirby-Bauer法）和微量稀释法（microdilution bro9th method)进行检测。结果：这三株菌对大多数抗菌药物敏感,对少数抗菌药物耐受。与文献报导相似,这三株菌与相应的国际参考菌株及临床菌株比较,没有发现明显耐药变异。结论：为避免抗菌药物对双歧三联活菌制剂功效的影响。每天两药宜分开时间服用。服用双歧三联活菌不会引起耐药性的扩散。     

嗜酸乳杆菌P302菌株产类细菌素最佳条件的研究

目的对产类细菌素嗜酸乳杆菌P302的发酵条件进行研究。方法采用琼脂扩散法测定发酵上清液对大肠埃希菌O139的抑菌活性。结果通过正交试验确定P302产类细菌素的最佳培养基组分为牛肉膏4％、胰蛋白胨0．2％、酵母粉0．8％、碳酸钙0．4％和蔗糖1％,0．4％复合维生素,0．3％Tween-80有利于类细菌素的产生。发酵工艺条件为最适初始pH7．0,最适温度37℃,最佳接种量0．3％,种龄14h,厌氧培养22h。结论通过优化发酵条件和发酵工艺,类细菌素的产量提高了35％。     

嗜酸乳杆菌制剂区域试验初步结果

嗜酸乳杆菌制剂抗痢灵,是石河子医学院研制的复方生态制剂,在完成了一系列基础研究和中间试验之后,于1991年10月开始进行扩大的区域试验。结果显示,抗痢灵用于防治畜禽下痢,总有效率达90％以上,并有明显的提高增重的效果,且无毒无副作用,是一种新型的安全有效的生态制剂。     

糖尿病药物那格列奈促进嗜酸乳杆菌生长的作用

系统评价糖尿病药物对乳杆菌属微生物生长的影响,并进一步探讨糖尿病药物促进乳杆菌属微生物生长的作用机制。

利用体外纯培养法评估糖尿病药物对乳杆菌属微生物生长的影响,筛选出具有促进作用的“药菌组合”,并进一步采用非靶向代谢组学技术检测“药菌组合”培养液上清中的代谢物组;采用结晶紫染色法和RT-qPCR法分别检测特定乳杆菌生物膜形成和细菌素生物合成基因的表达。

10种常见糖尿病药物对乳杆菌的生长主要表现为抑制作用,仅那格列奈可在低浓度下刺激嗜酸乳杆菌的生长,促进率达48.30%。“那格列奈―嗜酸乳杆菌组合”培养液上清中共注释到584种已知代谢物,其中差异代谢物有42个,主要富集在氨基酸代谢和生物合成、氨酰t-RNA生物合成和次生代谢产物生物合成等代谢通路上;同时,那格列奈还促进了嗜酸乳杆菌生物膜的形成以及增加了生物膜的黏附性,并上调细菌素合成结构基因的表达（t = 2.373,P = 0.033）。

糖尿病药物对乳杆菌生长普遍具有抑制作用,但那格列奈可通过调节氨基酸代谢和生物合成、促进生物膜的分泌和细菌素的生物合成来刺激嗜酸乳杆菌的生长。

     

乳杆菌代谢物对白色念珠菌影响的体外试验研究

目的从阴道微生态平衡角度出发,观察乳杆菌(DM9811)代谢物对白色念珠菌的抑杀效果,并行组份分析,探索CV(candidal vaginitis,CV)的生态疗法.方法取CV患者阴道分泌物30例,分离培养,鉴定,保留白色念珠菌菌株.1.以提取液(以下简称提取液)Ⅰ和Ⅱ分别代替蒸馏水配制培养基SⅠ和SⅡ,将保留的白色念珠菌株传代5次后,配制菌液,接种于S、SⅠ和SⅡ中,培养后活菌计数.2.对提取液Ⅰ和Ⅱ倍比稀释,并代替蒸馏水配制多个培养基SⅠ和SⅡ,测定SⅠ和SⅡ中没有菌落生长的最低有效浓度(MIC).3.气相色谱测定提取液中挥发酸类成分并定量.4.选择提取液最低浓度加1的方法配制培养基,比较提取液和乙酸水溶液对白色念珠菌的抑制效果.结果1.白色念珠菌生长24 h后计活菌数,将SⅠ与S,SⅡ与S中活菌数相比较,非参数配对T检验P＜0.01.2.提取液Ⅰ最低有效浓度为1:4,提取液Ⅱ最低有效浓度为1:2.3.气相色谱测定提取液Ⅱ中挥发酸类主要成分为乙酸,浓度为0.235 9 S/100ml.4.提取液和乙酸对白色念珠菌的生长都有抑制作用,但提取液的抑制作用明显强于乙酸.结论乳酸杆菌DM9811代谢物对白色念珠菌有明显的抑菌和杀菌作用,可作为一种新型的生态制剂进行开发,用于治疗念珠菌阴道炎.     

双歧杆菌四联活菌片中嗜酸乳杆菌的分离及生长动力学研究

目的以双歧杆菌四联活菌片为实验材料,利用酸化的MRS培养基筛选分离得到嗜酸乳杆菌,对其进行进一步的生长动力学研究,确定嗜酸乳杆菌的生长数学模型。方法通过浓度梯度稀释法利用改良MRS培养基对双歧杆菌四联活菌片中的嗜酸乳杆菌进行分离,利用分光光度仪和平板菌落计数两种不同的方法测定嗜酸乳杆菌在发酵过程中不同发酵时间的细胞浓度的动态变化,经软件处理后拟合出嗜酸乳杆菌细胞生长的Logistic数学模型。结果Logistic方程能很好地拟合嗜酸乳杆菌细胞生长的动态变化,并得到嗜酸乳杆菌在本实验条件下的数学模型,为进一步研究、利用嗜酸乳杆菌生长能力、产酸能力和产香能力等具有重要的理论指导意义。     

Action mechanisms of probiotics on Candida spp. and candidiasis prevention: an update

Due to the high incidence of fungal infections caused by Candida species and their increasing resistance to antimicrobial treatments, alternative therapies such as probiotics have been studied. It has been show that several species of the genus Lactobacillus have anti-Candida activity, probably by direct inhibition, through competition for adhesion sites or production of secondary metabolites, and by indirect inhibition, through stimulation of the immune system of their host. However, the mechanisms of inhibition of these probiotics on Candida species have not yet been fully elucidated since this effect is related to more than one inhibition pathway. In the literature, several in vitro and in vivo studies have been developed seeking to elucidate the probiotics mechanisms of action. These studies have been focused on C. albicans inhibition assays, including analysis of antimicrobial activity, adherence capacity, biofilms formation, filamentation and interference on virulence genes, as well as assays of experimental candidiasis in invertebrate and vertebrate models. In this context, the purpose of this review was to gather different studies focused on the action mechanism of probiotic strains on Candida sp. and to discuss their impact on the candidiasis prevention.     

复合乳酸杆菌治疗肝硬化失代偿期患者效果分析

目的:探讨分析复合乳酸杆菌在治疗肝硬化失代偿期患者中的效果。方法:选择2011年1月~2014年12月间在我院住院治疗的54例肝硬化失代偿期患者为研究对象,随机分为观察组和对照组各27例,选取同时期健康体检者27例为健康对照组。观察组患者接受复合乳酸杆菌联合肝硬化常规治疗,对照组仅接受肝硬化常规治疗。治疗8周后,比较对照组和观察组治疗前后及健康对照组患者血浆ALT、AST、内毒素、IL-1β、TNF-α、血氨及消化道症状积分的差异。结果:观察组和对照组患者治疗前血浆ALT、AST、内毒素、IL-1β、TNF-α、血氨水平及消化道症状积分差异无统计学意义(P0.05),均明显高于健康对照组(P0.05);治疗后两组患者上述指标均明显降低(P0.05),但观察组较对照组下降更为明显(P0.05)。结论:复合乳酸杆菌联合常规疗法在肝硬化失代偿期患者的治疗方面发挥了重要作用,值得临床推广。     

Proteome reference map of Lactobacillus acidophilus NCFM and quantitative proteomics towards understanding the prebiotic action of lactitol

Lactobacillus acidophilus NCFM is a probiotic bacterium adapted to survive in the gastrointestinal tract and with potential health benefits to the host. Lactitol is a synthetic sugar alcohol used as a sugar replacement in low calorie foods and selectively stimulating growth of L. acidophilus NCFM. In the present study the whole-cell extract proteome of L. acidophilus NCFM grown on glucose until late exponential phase was resolved by 2-DE (pH 3-7). A total of 275 unique proteins assigned to various physiological processes were identified from 650 spots. Differential 2-DE (DIGE) (pH 4-7) of L. acidophilus NCFM grown on glucose and lactitol, revealed 68 spots with modified relative intensity. Thirty-two unique proteins were identified in 41 of these spots changing 1.6-12.7-fold in relative abundance by adaptation of L. acidophilus NCFM to growth on lactitol. These proteins included β-galactosidase small subunit, galactokinase, galactose-1-phosphate uridylyltransferase and UDP-glucose-4-epimerase, which all are potentially involved in lactitol metabolism. This first comprehensive proteome analysis of L. acidophilus NCFM provides insights into protein abundance changes elicited by the prebiotic lactitol.     

嗜酸乳杆菌LB10.16及枯草芽孢杆菌BS7.29安全性评价

目的：评价枯草芽孢杆菌BS7.29和嗜酸乳杆菌LB10.16的安全性,为其应用研究提供技术支持。方法：本文通过对小鼠灌服、急性攻毒、腹腔注射、小鼠最大耐受剂量、急性攻毒等试验方法进行枯草芽孢杆菌BS7.29和嗜酸乳杆菌LB10.16的安全性研究。结果：1×108cfu/kg.bw的LB10.16和5×108cfu/kg.bw的BS7.29能够明显提高肠道推动力,改善小鼠肠道蠕动性。结论：两个菌种急性攻毒试验结果表明属于无毒物质,安全性比较高。