枣树叶中氨基酸的含量

通过对枣树叶中氨基酸进行测定证实,两个品种之间在氨基酸总量上无显著性差异,氨基酸含量最高的是谷氨酸、最低的是蛋氨酸。     

生物设施对柑园水土保持及树体生长发育的影响

生物设施对柑园水土保持及树体生长发育的影响张名福郑国龙（福建省顺昌县农业局,３５３２００）（福建省顺昌县园艺场,３５３２００）ＩｎｆｌｕｅｎｃｅｏｆＢｉｏｌｏｇｉｃａｌＴｒｅａｔｍｅｎｔｓｏｎＳｏｉｌａｎｄＷａｔｅｒＣｏｎｓｅｒｖａｔｂｎａｎｄＴｒｅ...     

Distribution and budget of nutrients in a commercial apple orchard

Summary Data on the dry matter distribution and nutrient reserves (N, P, S, Cl, K, Ca, Mg and Na) in the standing biomass of a grassed-down 14 year-old apple orchard are presented together with mean estimates of nutrient inputs, returns and losses over a 2 year period.The major inputs of N P K and S were through fertilizer additions. The major inputs of Na and Cl were in bulk precipitation plus irrigation whilst both sources were important for Mg and Ca. Total inputs by precipitation plus irrigation plus fertilizer in kg/ha/yr were: N, 81; P, 20; S, 42; Cl, 58; K, 64; Ca, 35; Mg, 10 and Na, 33. Nutrient returns to the orchard floor were dominated by those from returns of herbage clippings orginating from the mowing of the orchard pasture. Autumn leaf fall also contributed significant quantities to the total nutrient returns. Total nutrient returns to the orchard floor through petal fall, fruit drop, leaf fall, foliar leaching (includes leaf washing) and pasture clippings in kg/ha/yr were: N, 545; P, 33; S, 41; Cl, 107; K, 442; Ca, 147; Mg, 35 and Na, 16. The major loss of Na, Mg, Ca, Cl and S was through leaching (this may include a certain amount of chemical weathering). In contrast, the major loss of P and K was in the harvested fruit crop, while for N, losses were about equally divided between the fruit crop and leaching. Total nutrient losses from the orchard by removal of the fruit crop and pruning wood plus leaching losses were estimated in kg/ha/yr at: N, 58; P, 5; S, 28; Cl, 81; K, 124; Ca, 55; Mg, 39 and Na, 80. Inputs minus losses in kg/ha/yr were positive for N, P and S(+23, +16 and +14 respectively and negative for Cl, K, Ca, Mg and Na (–24, –60, –19, –30 and –47 respectively).     

新氵冖 仝口堤围果林生态环境污染调查与保护对策

广州市海珠区新氵口冖仝镇堤围果林区设点采样,对大气、自然降水、河涌及灌溉水、河涌底泥及果基土壤等生态环境因子,以及果树叶片的污染现状进行监测调查,结合现有广州市环境污染资料,对果林生态环境污染现状进行综合分析．     

有机—无机肥料配施对红壤柑桔园土壤性状的影响

1985—1988年的试验结果表明,红壤柑桔园采用有机和无机肥料配施,明显改善果园土壤性状,既可增强多种土壤酶活性,又可使土壤养分含量保持较高水平。红壤柑桔园有机肥的施用量(指氮素)占总施肥量的一半左右是合适的。     

石榴园节肢动物群落的聚类分析及最优分割研究

根据群落生态学原理。为了利用天敌资源开展石榴园害虫的生物防治,明确主要害虫及其天敌发生的时间动态和数量动态,对不同时期的石榴园节肢动物总群落、亚群落进行了模糊聚类．结果表明,总群落的8次调查结果可聚为4类,D=0．05;天敌亚群落调查结果可聚为4类,D=0．10;非天敌亚群落调查结果可聚为3类,D=0．09．聚类部分反映了总群落和亚群落各自的状况。聚类交替现象则反映了群落结构在较长时间内的复杂性．最优分割结果将不同时期的总群落、各亚群落均分割为3段(4～8月、9～10月、11～11月)。表明各阶段物种种类、物种数及优势种等指标在发生时间上存在差异．     

北京梨园绿盲蝽及其天敌的种群动态

【目的】调查研究梨园绿盲蝽Apolygus lucorum (Meyer-Dür)及其天敌的种群动态, 为梨园绿盲蝽的预测预报和科学防治提供理论依据。【方法】2012-2013年利用色板诱集法和目测法, 对北京市农林科学院林业果树研究所梨园的绿盲蝽及其天敌的种群动态进行了系统调查和分析。【结果】绿板调查结果显示, 绿盲蝽在梨园的发生有2个高峰期, 第1个峰值远高于第2个峰值, 主要发生高峰期为5月下旬至6月中旬。目测调查结果显示, 2012年, 绿盲蝽有两个发生高峰期, 5月中旬达到第1个峰值, 5月下旬达到第2个峰值; 2013年, 绿盲蝽仅有5月下旬一个发生高峰期。2012和2013年天敌主要发生高峰期均为6月上旬至下旬。梨园调查到的天敌主要为捕食类天敌, 包括蜘蛛和天敌昆虫, 其中天敌昆虫有7种隶属3目3科。天敌的优势种类为蜘蛛、 龟纹瓢虫、 异色瓢虫、 中华草蛉。【结论】天敌的发生与绿盲蝽有明显的时间和数量跟随关系。     

Agrobacterium-mediated transformation of the winter jujube (Zizyphus jujuba Mill.)

Winter jujube, a species that originated in China, is the most prominent elite variety of jujube (Zizyphus jujuba Mill.). Due to its economic value and its recalcitrance to improvements through traditional plant breeding approaches, genetic transformation techniques may have a great potential in providing the means to transfer one or more selected desirable traits into the plant genome. We reported here an improved protocol for the Agrobacterium-mediated transformation of shoot tips of winter jujube. We have identified a set of optimum transformation conditions that take into account Agrobacterium inoculum density, Agrobacterium incubation period, co-cultivation conditions, and vacuum (use of a vacuum pump to create a negative-pressure environment). The highest transformation frequency (5.2%) was obtained when the shoot-tip explants were infected for 10 min and co-cultured for 4 days with Agrobacterium at OD₆₀₀ 0.8 under a negative pressure of 0.5 × 10⁵ Pa. PCR and southern blot analyses confirmed the presence of transgenic plants and the stable integration of the target gene into the genome of regenerated plants. A histochemical staining analysis for GUS activity in the transgenic shoot tips also validated the efficiency of the transformation system.