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21.
盐胁迫下植物细胞离子稳态重建机制 总被引:18,自引:6,他引:18
土壤盐渍化是困扰世界粮食产量的一大难题。在盐胁迫环境中,植物获得耐盐能力的一个重要策略是建立新的离子稳态(ionic homeostasis)。盐胁迫下植物细胞离子稳态依赖于膜转运蛋白(泵、载体和离子通道)。利用蛋白质的生化功能分析和突变体功能互补等方法,目前已克隆和鉴定了许多参与离子稳态重建的膜转运蛋白。综述了盐胁迫下植物细胞离子稳态重建的最新研究进展。 相似文献
22.
Songwen Lin Chunyang Wang Ming Ji Deyu Wu Yuanhao Lv Li Sheng Fangbin Han Yi Dong Kehui Zhang Yakun Yang Yan Li Xiaoguang Chen Heng Xu 《Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry》2018,26(3):637-646
A series of new thienopyrimidine derivatives has been discovered as potent PI3K inhibitors. The systematic SAR studies for these analogues are described. Among them, 8a and 9a exhibit nanomolar enzymatic potencies and sub-micromolar cellular anti-proliferative activities. 8a displays favorable pharmacokinetic profiles, while 9a easily undergoes deacetylation to yield a major metabolite 8a. Furthermore, 8a and 9a potently inhibit tumor growth in a dose-dependent manner in the NCI-H460 xenograft model with an acceptable safety profile. 相似文献
23.
为阐释不同污染程度下城市绿化植物吸滞PM2.5机理、解析污染物来源,应用气溶胶再发生器定量测定长沙市常见的2种园林绿化树种(桂花和香樟)植物叶片PM2.5吸附量,同时应用原子力显微镜(AFM)观察了不同污染区(交通区、文教区、清洁区)植被的叶表面微形态特征,使用离子色谱仪测定样品中水溶性离子含量.结果表明: 污染程度与植物叶表面PM2.5吸附量呈正相关,不同植物单位叶面积PM2.5吸附量全年均值表现为交通区(0.56±0.04 μg·cm-2)>文教区(0.48±0.06 μg·cm-2)>清洁区(0.33±0.02 μg·cm-2),植物单位叶面积PM2.5吸附量季节变化为冬季(0.70±0.10 μg·cm-2)>春季(0.43±0.14 μg·cm-2)>秋季(0.39±0.12 μg·cm-2)>夏季(0.31±0.09 μg·cm-2),桂花的单位叶面积PM2.5吸附量大于香樟;污染程度轻的区域的植物叶片比较光滑,污染程度重的区域的叶片较粗糙,植物粗糙度排序为交通区(195.45±16.09 nm)>文教区(176.99±8.45 nm)>清洁区(131.88±12.98 nm);不同污染程度地区PM2.5离子含量均表现为冬季最大,其次是春季和秋季,夏季最低;3个污染区PM2.5离子成分均以Na+、NH4+、Cl-和Br-这4种离子为主,不同程度污染区PM2.5污染均以移动源污染为主. 相似文献
24.
Recent advances in the understanding of polyamine functions during plant development 总被引:15,自引:0,他引:15
Suggested roles for polyamine function, and the evidence for these functions, is reviewed. These include membrane stabilization, free radical scavenging, effects on DNA, RNA and protein synthesis, effects on the activities of RNase, protease and other enzymes, the interaction with ethylene biosynthesis, and effects on second messengers. It is concluded that in addition to interacting with plant hormones, polyamines are able to modulate plant development through a fundamental mechanism(s) common to all living organisms.Abbreviations ACC
1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid
- ADC
arginine decarboxylase
- Chl
chlorophyll
- DAP
diaminopropane
- DFMA
DL--difluoromethylarginine
- DFMO
DL--difluoromethylornithine
- PAs
polyamines
- Put
putrescine
- SAM
S-adenosylmethionine
- Spd
spermidine
- Spm
spermine 相似文献
25.
26.
Martinez Benitez E Stolz A Becher A Wolf DH 《Biochemical and biophysical research communications》2011,(3):528-532
In eukaryotes, membrane and soluble proteins of the secretory pathway enter the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) after synthesis in an unfolded state. Directly after entry, most proteins are modified with glycans at suitable glycosylation sites and start to fold. A protein that cannot fold properly will be degraded in a process called ER associated degradation (ERAD). Failures in ERAD, either by loss of function or by premature degradation of proteins, are a cause of severe diseases. Therefore, the search for novel ERAD components to gain better insight in this process is of high importance. Carbohydrate trimming is a relevant process in ER quality control. In this work a novel putative yeast mannosidase encoded by the open reading frame YLR057W was identified and named Mnl2. Deletion of MNL2 diminished the degradation efficiency of misfolded CPY* in the absence of the cognate mannosidase Mnl1, indicating a specific role in ERAD. 相似文献
27.
28.
Neijssel O. M. Hardy G. P. M. A. Lansbergen J. C. Tempest D. W. O'Brien R. W. 《Archives of microbiology》1980,125(1-2):175-179
A consistent difference was found between glucose-limited cultures of Escherichia coli and Klebsiella aerogenes strains in the manner which their apparent cellular content of glucose: phosphoenolpyruvate phosphotransferase (glucose-PTS) varied with growth rate. With the former strains, activity increased as a function of growth rate; in the latter it decreased. However, under glucose-sufficient conditions (potassium-or ammonia-limitation) both species behaved similarly; the glucose-PTS activity was lower and bore no obvious relationship to the rate of glucose consumption expressed by the growing culture. These results are discussed in relation to the role of glucose as a regulator of glucose-PTS synthesis, and to the likely contribution which the glucose-PTS makes to the overall rate of glucose uptake, particularly by cells growing in glucose-sufficient environments.Abbreviation Glucose-PTS
phosphoenolpyruvate phosphotransferase
From May to November 1978 on study leave in the University of Amsterdam 相似文献
29.
Stability and kinetic behavior of immobilized laccase from Myceliophthora thermophila in the presence of the ionic liquid 1‐ethyl‐3‐methylimidazolium ethylsulfate 下载免费PDF全文
María Fernández‐Fernández Diego Moldes Alberto Domínguez M. Ángeles Sanromán Ana Paula M. Tavares Oscar Rodríguez Eugénia A. Macedo 《Biotechnology progress》2014,30(4):790-796
The use of ionic liquids (ILs) as reaction media for enzymatic reactions has increased their potential because they can improve enzyme activity and stability. Kinetic and stability properties of immobilized commercial laccase from Myceliophthora thermophila in the water‐soluble IL 1‐ethyl‐3‐methylimidazolium ethylsulfate ([emim][EtSO4]) have been studied and compared with free laccase. Laccase immobilization was carried out by covalent binding on glyoxyl–agarose beads. The immobilization yield was 100%, and the activity was totally recovered. The Michaelis‐Menten model fitted well to the kinetic data of enzymatic oxidation of a model substrate in the presence of the IL [emim][EtSO4]. When concentration of the IL was augmented, the values of Vmax for free and immobilized laccases showed an increase and slight decrease, respectively. The laccase–glyoxyl–agarose derivative improved the laccase stability in comparison with the free laccase regarding the enzymatic inactivation in [emim][EtSO4]. The stability of both free and immobilized laccase was slightly affected by small amounts of IL (<50%). A high concentration of the IL (75%) produced a large inactivation of free laccase. However, immobilization prevented deactivation beyond 50%. Free and immobilized laccase showed a first‐order thermal inactivation profile between 55 and 70°C in the presence of the IL [emim][EtSO4]. Finally, thermal stability was scarcely affected by the presence of the IL. © 2014 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Biotechnol. Prog., 30:790–796, 2014 相似文献
30.
The photosynthetic CO2 fixing enzyme ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (Rubisco) forms dead-end inhibited complexes while binding multiple sugar phosphates, including its substrate ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate. Rubisco can be rescued from this inhibited form by molecular chaperones belonging to the ATPases associated with diverse cellular activities (AAA+ proteins) termed Rubisco activases (Rcas). The mechanism of green-type Rca found in higher plants has proved elusive, in part because until recently higher-plant Rubiscos could not be expressed recombinantly. Identifying the interaction sites between Rubisco and Rca is critical to formulate mechanistic hypotheses. Toward that end here we purify and characterize a suite of 33 Arabidopsis Rubisco mutants for their ability to be activated by Rca. Mutation of 17 surface-exposed large subunit residues did not yield variants that were perturbed in their interaction with Rca. In contrast, we find that Rca activity is highly sensitive to truncations and mutations in the conserved N terminus of the Rubisco large subunit. Large subunits lacking residues 1–4 are functional Rubiscos but cannot be activated. Both T5A and T7A substitutions result in functional carboxylases that are poorly activated by Rca, indicating the side chains of these residues form a critical interaction with the chaperone. Many other AAA+ proteins function by threading macromolecules through a central pore of a disc-shaped hexamer. Our results are consistent with a model in which Rca transiently threads the Rubisco large subunit N terminus through the axial pore of the AAA+ hexamer. 相似文献