Sustained alternate-day fasting potentiates doxorubicin cardiotoxicity

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Flash infrared radiation disinfection of fibrous filters contaminated with bioaerosols

Aims: To investigate the effectiveness of infrared (IR) radiation heating in disinfecting air filters loaded with bioaerosols. Methods and Results: An irradiation device was constructed considering the unique characteristics of IR and the physical dimensions and radiative properties of air filters. Filters loaded with test bioaerosols were irradiated with the device and flash heated to an ultra‐high temperature (UHT). A maximum of 3·77‐, 4·38‐ and 5·32‐log inactivation of B. subtilis spores, E. coli, and MS2 virus respectively was achieved within 5 s of irradiation. Inactivation efficiency could be increased by using a higher IR power. Microscopic analysis showed no visible damage from the heat treatment that would affect filtration efficiency. Conclusions: Because the disinfection was a dry heat process, a temperature greater than 200°C was found necessary to successfully inactivate the test micro‐organisms. The results demonstrate that IR is able to quickly disinfect filters given sufficient incident power. Compared to existing filter disinfection technologies, it offers a faster and more effective solution. Significance and Impact of the Study: It has been shown that IR heating is a feasible option for filter disinfection; possibly reducing fomite transmission of collected micro‐organisms and preventing bioaerosol reaerosolization.     

How to climb a tree: lizards accelerate faster,but pause more,when escaping on vertical surfaces

Many species of lizards effectively traverse both two and three‐dimensional habitats. However, few studies have examined maximum locomotor performance on different inclines. Do maximum acceleration and velocity differ on a level and inclined surface? Do lizards pause more on an inclined surface? To address these questions, Sceloporus woodi lizards (N = 12) were run in the laboratory on a level trackway and a vertical tree trunk. This species is known to frequently utilize both vertical and horizontal aspects of its habitat. Average maximum acceleration on the vertical surface exceeded that on the level surface, although average maximum velocity exhibited the opposite pattern. The average number of pauses during level locomotion was lower compared to vertical locomotion. In addition, the average location of the first pause on the level surface was 0.51 m, which is farther than the average for vertical locomotion where the first pause was at 0.35 m. The combination of performance and pause data suggests that the relative lack of pausing during level locomotion allows individuals to reach higher maximum velocities on level surfaces because they accelerate over greater distances. The increased pausing when moving vertically could be a result of high energetic demands of vertical locomotion, or greater microhabitat complexity as a result of branching and/or refuges. The faster acceleration exhibited during vertical locomotion by S. woodi likely offsets the frequent pauses. © 2010 The Linnean Society of London, Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 2011, 102 , 83–90.     

Multi-omics Analysis of the Intermittent Fasting Response in Mice Identifies an Unexpected Role for HNF4α

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