全文获取类型
收费全文 | 6477篇 |
免费 | 500篇 |
国内免费 | 415篇 |
专业分类
7392篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 16篇 |
2023年 | 116篇 |
2022年 | 86篇 |
2021年 | 162篇 |
2020年 | 212篇 |
2019年 | 210篇 |
2018年 | 166篇 |
2017年 | 143篇 |
2016年 | 185篇 |
2015年 | 239篇 |
2014年 | 237篇 |
2013年 | 429篇 |
2012年 | 238篇 |
2011年 | 262篇 |
2010年 | 230篇 |
2009年 | 266篇 |
2008年 | 287篇 |
2007年 | 315篇 |
2006年 | 280篇 |
2005年 | 273篇 |
2004年 | 238篇 |
2003年 | 253篇 |
2002年 | 265篇 |
2001年 | 253篇 |
2000年 | 174篇 |
1999年 | 194篇 |
1998年 | 161篇 |
1997年 | 149篇 |
1996年 | 155篇 |
1995年 | 136篇 |
1994年 | 123篇 |
1993年 | 99篇 |
1992年 | 99篇 |
1991年 | 94篇 |
1990年 | 70篇 |
1989年 | 61篇 |
1988年 | 50篇 |
1987年 | 33篇 |
1986年 | 42篇 |
1985年 | 56篇 |
1984年 | 58篇 |
1983年 | 40篇 |
1982年 | 53篇 |
1981年 | 36篇 |
1980年 | 38篇 |
1979年 | 22篇 |
1978年 | 21篇 |
1977年 | 14篇 |
1976年 | 21篇 |
1973年 | 12篇 |
排序方式: 共有7392条查询结果,搜索用时 0 毫秒
81.
Summary The glycosylation and subsequent processing of native and recombinant glycoproteins expressed in established insect cell lines
and insect larvae were compared. TheSpodoptera frugiperda (Sf21) andTrichoplusia ni (TN-368 and BTI-Tn-5B1-4) cell lines possessed several intrinsic glycoproteins that are modified with both N- and O-linked
oligosaccharides. The N-linked oligosaccharides were identified as both the simple (high mannose) and complex (containing
sialic acid) types. Similarly, theT. ni larvae also possessed intrinsic glycoproteins that were modified with O-linked and simple and complex N-linked oligosaccharides.
Additionally, human placental, secreted alkaline phosphatase (SEAP) produced during replication of a recombinant baculovirus
inT. ni larvae was modified with complex oligosaccharide having sialic acid linked α(2–6) to galactose. 相似文献
82.
Studies were undertaken on interactions between panicle size, insect density, host plant, and the environment for sorghum
head bug,Calocoris angustatus Lethiery on five sorghum genotypes in terms of bug population increase, grain damage and loss in grain mass across four panicle
sizes (5, 10 or 20 branches/panicle and whole panicle), and three infestation levels (5, 10 and 15 pairs of bugs/panicle).
Head bug numbers increased and grain damage decreased with an increase in panicle size in the head bug susceptible cultivars,
CSH 1 and CSH 5. However, the increase in bug numbers or decrease in grain damage was not significant in head bug resistant
genotypes, IS 17610 and IS 17645. Head bug numbers increased with an increase in infestation level in CSH 1 and CSH 5, however,
such an increase was not substantial in IS 17610 and IS 17645. Grain damage was significantly lower in IS 17610 and IS 17645
compared with CSH 1 and CSH 5 across infestation levels. Head bug population increased at a greater rate during the rainy
season compared with the dry season. Panicle size and infestation levels accounted for greater variation in grain damage and
percentage loss in grain mass during the rainy season than in the dry season. To identify reliable sources of resistance to
insects, it is important to study insect host plant-interactions across panicle sizes (levels of food availability), infestation
levels and seasons. 相似文献
83.
Two closely related and often confused species of Pseudodiaptomus from the Lobus-species group, P. lobipes and P. binghami are redescribed from various locations along the east coast of India. These species predominately occur in freshwater though they can survive temporary periods of increased salinity. The distinctive features of the species are found on: female caudal ramal setae, female and male urosome 1–2 spinulation patterns, and fifth legs. A new species P. mixtus from Bangladesh is described. 相似文献
84.
Seven species of snakeheads (Channidae) are known from Peninsular Malaysia and Singapore, viz. Channa bankanensis, C. gachua, C. lucius, C. marulioides, C. melasoma, C. micropeltes and C. striata. Up-to-date distribution maps of each species are presented, including new records. Their systematics is reviewed and partially revised. The taxonomic status of C. marulioides and C. melanoptera is clarified. Specimens from Peninsular Malaysia identified as C. melanoptera sensu Weber & de Beaufort, 1922, proved to be the adult form of C. marulioides s.str. The real C. melanoptera appears to be restricted to Borneo and possibly Sumatra. The life history of a blackwater species C. bankanensis is also documented, with regards to the morphological and colour-pattern changes associated with growth. An updated key to the seven species based on morphometric measurements and meristic counts is presented. 相似文献
85.
The effects of elevated atmospheric CO2 concentration on plant-fungi and plant-insect interactions were studied in an emergent marsh in the Chesapeake Bay. Stands of the C3 sedge Scirpus olneyi Grey, and the C4 grass Spartina patens (Ait.) Muhl. have been exposed to elevated atmospheric CO2 concentrations during each growing season since 1987. In August 1991 the severities of fungal infections and insect infestations were quantified. Shoot nitrogen concentration ([N]) and water content (WC) were determined. In elevated concentrations of atmospheric CO2, 32% fewer S. olneyi plants were infested by insects, and there was a 37% reduction in the severity of a pathogenic fungal infection, compared with plants grown in ambient CO2 concentrations. S. olneyi also had reduced [N], which correlated positively with the severities of fungal infections and insect infestations. Conversely, S. patens had increased WC but unchanged [N] in elevated concentrations of atmospheric CO2 and the severity of fungal infection increased. Elevated atmospheric CO2 concentration increased or decreased the severity of fungal infection depending on at least two interacting factors, [N] and WC; but it did not change the number of plants that were infected with fungi. In contrast, the major results for insects were that the number of plants infected with insects decreased, and that the amount of tissue that each insect ate also decreased. 相似文献
86.
The phospholipid composition of Steinernema carpocapsae was studied in relation to diet and culture temperature. When reared at 18 and 27.5 C on Galleria mellonella or on an artificial diet supplemented with lard, linseed oil, or fish oil as lipid sources, nematode phospholipids contained an abundance of 20-carbon polyunsaturated fatty acids, with eicosapentaenoic acid (20:5(n - 3)) predominant, regardless of the fatty acid composition of the diet. Because the level of linolenic acid (18:3(n - 3)) in nematode phospholipids was very low and because eicosapentaenoic acid was present even when its precursor (linolenic acid) was undetectable in the diet, S. carpocapsae likely produces n - 3 polyunsaturated fatty acids by de novo biosynthesis, a pathway seldom reported in eukaryotic animals. Reduction of growth temperature from 25 to 18 C increased the proportion of 20:5(n - 3) but not other polyunsaturated fatty acids. A fluorescence polarization technique revealed that vesicles produced from phospholipids of nematodes reared at 18 C were less ordered than those from nematodes reared at 27.5 C, especially in the outermost region of the bilayer. Dietary fish oil increased fluidity in the outermost region but increased rigidity in deeper regions. Therefore, S. carpocapsae appears to modify its membrane physical state in response to temperature, and eicosapentaenoic acid may be involved in this response. The results also indicate that nematode membrane physical state can be modified dietarily, possibly to the benefit of host-finding or survival of S. carpocapsae at low temperatures. 相似文献
87.
88.
Cladistics and the comparative morphology of linyphiid spiders and their relatives (Araneae, Araneoidea, Linyphiidae) 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
GUSTAVO HORMIGA 《Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society》1994,111(1):1-71
This paper provides the first quantitative cladistic analysis of linyphiid morphology. Classical and novel homology hypotheses for a variety of character systems (male and female genitalia, somatic morphology, spinneret silk spigot morphology, etc.) are critically examined and studied within a phylogenetic context. Critical characters have been illustrated. A sample of linyphiid taxa (nine genera in four subfamilies), five species of Pimoa (Pimoidae), and two other araneoid families (Tetragnathidae and Araneidae, represented by Tetragnatha and Zygiella , respectively) were used to study the implications of the phylogeny of Pimoidae for the systematics of linyphiids. The phylogenetic relationships of these 16 exemplar taxa, as coded for the 47 characters studied, were analysed using numerical cladistic methods. In the preferred cladogram Pimoidae and Linyphiidae are sister groups, Stemonyphantinae are sister group to the remaining linyphiids, and Mynogleninae are sister group to the clade composed of Erigoninae plus Linyphiinae. These results agree with the relationships recently proposed by Wunderlich, except by finding erigonines as the sister group to linyphiines rather than to mynoglenines. 相似文献
89.
Pepper plants were grown under different water and nitrogen availabilities that produced severe nitrogen limitations and mild water stress. Nitrogen limitation produced lower leaf N content, higher C:N, and higher leaf content of phenolic compounds, in consonance with the carbon/nutrient balance hypothesis. Nitrogen limitation also produced lower nutritional quality of leaves, with lower relative growth rates and lower efficiency of conversion of ingested biomass on the polyphagous herbivoreHelicoverpa armigera. The biomass gained per gram nitrogen ingested also tended to be lower in those insects feeding on nitrogen-limited plants, in parallel with their higher phenolic content. However, larvae fed on nitrogen-limited plants did not increase the ingestion of food to compensate for the N deficiency of leaves. The mild water stress, which only slightly tended to increase the phenolic content of pepper leaves, had no significant effect on nutritional indices. 相似文献
90.
樟脊网蝽生物学特性观察 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
樟脊网蝽是香樟的重要害虫,在上海1年发生4代。4月下旬越冬卵始孵,9月下旬开始出现越冬卵。成虫末见期在11月中旬。经室内饲养,樟脊网蝽第三代各龄若虫历期为:一龄61.45±7.8h,二龄48.00±7.6h,三龄43.43±7.6h,四龄51.00±8.0h,五龄70.50±7.5h,整个若虫期历期为281.92±14.8h。第三代野外雌雄比为1:4.07。第三代每雌产2~96粒。日最高产卵量为34粒/头,孤雌可产卵。10%灭百可2000倍稀释液和50%杀螟松2000倍稀释液喷雾防治效果可达93%以上。 相似文献