A mouse-specific retrotransposon drives a conserved Cdk2ap1 isoform essential for development

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Multifrequency Analysis of Single Inductive Coil Measurements Across a Gel Phantom Simulation of Internal Bleeding in the Brain

The present study is part of an ongoing effort to develop a simple diagnostic technology for detecting internal bleeding in the brain, which can be used in lieu or in support of medical imaging and thereby reduce the cost of diagnostics in general, and in particular, would make diagnostics accessible to economically disadvantaged populations. The study deals with a single coil inductive device to be used for detecting cerebral hemorrhage. It presents a first-order experimental study that examines the predictions of our recently published theoretical study. The experimental model employs a homogeneous cylindrical phantom in which internal head bleeding was simulated by way of a fluid inclusion. We measured the changes in amplitude and phase across the coil with a network vector analyzer as a function of frequency (100–1,000 MHz), volume of blood simulating fluid, and the site of the fluid injection. We have developed a new mathematical model to statistically analyze the complex data produced in this experiment. We determined that the resolution for the fluid volume increase following fluid injection is strongly dependent on frequency as well as the location of liquid accumulation. The experimental data obtained in this study supports the predictions of our previous theoretical study, and the statistical analysis shows that the simple single coil device is sensitive enough to detect changes due to fluid volume alteration of two milliliters. Bioelectromagnetics. 2020;41:21–33 © 2019 Bioelectromagnetics Society     

High Level Stable Expression of Pharmacologically Active Human M1–M5 Muscarinic Receptor Subtypes in Mammalian Cells

cDNAs encoding for five mAChR subtypes (M1–M5) were cloned under different promoters in various eukaryotic vectors and each subtype was expressed in different mammalian cell lines. CHO-K1 cell line was the best for generating stable cell lines expressing muscarinic receptors. Immunofluorescence and flow cytometry revealed that expression of M1–M5 was primarily localized on the cell membrane. Western blotting and radio-ligand binding studies revealed that expression of each receptor was stable at higher passages. These authors contributed equally to this work. Received 22 September 2005; Revisions requested 5 October 2005; Revisions received 2 November 2005; Accepted 4 November 2005     

Dual Reporter Genes Enabling Cell Tracing with Viable and Reliable Selection of Various Cell Types

Dual reporter genes driven by either a ubiquitous cytomegalovirus (CMV) or a neuro-specific tubulin α1 promoter (Tα1) were constructed. The new genes, CMV (pCMV-GL) or Tα1 promoter-driven GFP–LacZ (pTα1-GL), robustly expressed the fused GFP–LacZ protein reporting constitutive expressions in various cell types including CHO cells, loach and chicken embryos, and neuro-specific expression in differentiating mouse embryonic stem cells, respectively. The dual reporter genes thus provide a versatile tool for the studies of gene expression, cell lineage within the embryo and possibly the fate of stem cells in transplantation experiment, thus facilitating different analyses depending on the experimental purposes. Revisions requested 11 October 2005; Revisions received 25 November 2005