基于效率的医院规模经济实证分析

目的 了解医院是否存在规模经济及适宜床位规模大小。方法 利用浙江省500张床及以上综合性医院数据,用主、客观结合的方式和效率回归调整模型筛选评价指标,用数据包络分析方法和Tobit回归模型进行实证分析。结果 所有决策单元的总体效率和纯技术效率、规模效率平均得分均大于0.93;36%的单元为总体有效,65%的单元为纯技术有效,43%的单元为规模有效;43%的单元处于规模报酬不变区间,42%的单元处于报酬递增区间,15%的单元处于报酬递减区间;全要素生产率平均呈下降;效率的影响因素主要有床位、药品收入比重、设备数量、医院等级、诊次床位比、业务收支比、每床卫技数、每床固定资产、所在地区千人医生数和经济水平等。结论 多数医院存在规模经济。医院床位数在800～1 300张较为合适。提高医院经营效率可采取以下措施：合理控制床位;控制药品收入比重,注重医疗技术的提高;提高管理水平,控制固定资产过度投入;提高地区卫生资源水平和经济发展水平。     

我国公立医院与社区卫生服务中心合作模式的比较与分析

通过文献评阅、专家访谈和现场调研等方法,对我国公立医院和社区卫生服务中心目前的合作模式进行了归纳,并对每种模式的成效、优缺点进行了分析。

     

黑龙江省综合医院病案室人员现状分析与研究

通过对黑龙江省6个市36家综合医院病案室人员现状调查,了解、明确病案室人员现状及存在的问题,提出相应的改进策略,为病案室人员结构的合理发展提供参考。     

香港特区公营医院运行机制评估及对内地的启示

回顾香港医疗融资的发展历程并简述香港公营医院的运营状况与开支构成比,重点分析香港公营医院的管理机构——香港医院管理局,研究其宗旨任务与目标策略相结合的管理医院管理战略,跟踪其主要经费来源的变化趋势,对其财务状况进行深入探究并进行预测。在对香港公营医院运行机制进行评估的基础上,探讨香港公营医院存在的问题以及对内地的启示,为内地医院管理机构借鉴香港逐步建立以政府投入为主体的医疗融资体系提供参考。     

尾足螨股中国五新记录种

Five new record species of the cohort Uropodina from China are described and figured:Polyaspinus higginsi Camin,Trichouropoda calcarata Hirschmann et Nicol Z.,Trichouropoda bipilis (Vitzthum),Nenteria stylifera (Berlese) and Nenteria breviunguiculata (Willmann).     

Review of subtribe Singilina Jeannel, 1949, of the Middle East and Central Asia (Coleoptera, Carabidae, Lebiini)

Species of the genus Singilis Rambur, 1837 (Phloeozeteus Peyron, 1856, syn. n., Agatus Motschulsky, 1845, syn. n.), occurring in the Middle East and Central Asia are reviewed, with 24 species now recognized in the region, including ten species described as new: Singilis makarovi sp. n. (Tajikistan), Singilis jedlickai sp. n. (Afghanistan), Singilis kolesnichenkoi sp. n. (Iran), Singilis kabakovi sp. n. (Afghanistan, Iran), Singilis timuri sp. n. (Uzbekistan), Singilis klimenkoi sp. n. (Iran), Singilis saeedi sp. n. (Iran), Singilis felixi sp. n. (UAE), Singilis kryzhanovskii sp. n. (Iran, Turkmenistan), and Singilis timidus sp. n. (Iran); Singilis libani (Sahlberg, 1913) is recognized as a valid species; and Singilis solskyi nom. n. is proposed as a replacement name for Agatus bicolor (Solsky, 1874, not Rambur 1837), now placed in Singilis as junior homonym. New synonymies include: Singilis cingulatus (Gebler, 1843) = Singilis jakeschi Jedlička, 1967, syn. n.; Singilis mesopotamicus Pic, 1901 = Singilis apicalis Jedlička, 1956, syn. n. A key to species is provided. Habitus and aedeagal illustrations are provided for all species. Distributional data include many new country records.     

上海地区医院图书馆的现状与发展探讨

目的：为了解上海医院图书馆的现状,为医院图书馆的标准化,规范花建设提供依据。方法：采用中国图书馆学会医院图书馆委员会统一编制的＂中国图书馆情况调查表＂,对上海医院图书馆进行问卷调查。结果：对医院图书馆人员的学历职称构成,年度经费、设备、馆舍面积、学科馆员设置、馆藏、数字资源的建设等方面的数据,按三级、二级医院分别进行统计分析,归纳总结。结论：通过本次调查,了解到上海地区45家三、二级医院在人员结构、经费、设备、数字资源的利用等方面差距较大,有待与各方面共同探索,改进工作,缩小差距。     

Red brome (<Emphasis Type="Italic">Bromus rubens</Emphasis> subsp. <Emphasis Type="Italic">madritensis</Emphasis>) in North America: possible modes for early introductions,subsequent spread

Although invasions by exotic plants have increased dramatically as human travel and commerce have increased, few have been comprehensively described. Understanding the patterns of invasive species spread over space and time will help guide management activities and policy. Tracing the earliest appearances of an exotic plant reveals likely sites of introduction, paving the way for genetic studies to quantify founder events and identify potential source populations. Red brome (Bromus madritensis subsp. rubens) is a Mediterranean winter annual grass that has invaded even relatively undisturbed areas of western North America, where it threatens native plant communities. This study used herbarium records and contemporary published accounts to trace the early introductions and subsequent spread of red brome in western North America. The results challenge the most frequently cited sources describing the early history of this grass and suggest three possible modes for early introductions: the California Gold Rush and Central Valley wheat, southern California shipping, and northern California sheep. Subsequent periods of most rapid spread into new areas, from 1930 to 1942, and of greatest spread into new regions, during the past 50 years, coincide with warm Pacific Decadal Oscillation regimes, which are linked to increased winter precipitation in the southwestern USA and northern Mexico. Global environmental change, including increased atmospheric CO₂ levels and N deposition, may be contributing to the success of red brome, relative to native species.     

小兴安岭和松嫩平原地区土壤中的暗色丝孢菌Ⅰ.

从小兴安岭和松嫩平原地区不同生态环境中采集土壤标样23份,采用土壤平板法和稀释法,从中分离出48个暗色丝孢菌分离物。经鉴定分属于17属25种。其中,坎帕拉葡萄穗霉Stachybotryskampalensis、纸细基格孢Ulocladiumchartarum和芭蕉维罗纳孢Veronaeamusae为中国新记录种。研究过的标本(干制培养物)及活菌种保存在山东农业大学植物病理学标本室(HSAUP)。