排序方式: 共有27条查询结果,搜索用时 328 毫秒
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作为旧石器研究中十分重要的研究概念之一, 本文对"操作链"的发展史、理论内涵、实践方法等方面进行讨论, 认为"操作链"概念是一种动态的、综合的理论视角和研究体系, 强调了石器技术系统的两个行为过程(技术表现与思维运作)和一个互动关系(操作序列)。实践应用和术语对比, 为更好地运用"操作链"研究石器并复原史前技术体系提供了参考。文章还提出了"操作链"概念本身存在的问题, 希望能在今后的工作中得到完善。 相似文献
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以广东连州自然分布的3种国家重点保护野生植物南方红豆杉〔Taxus chinensis var.mairei(Lemée et Lévl.)Cheng et L.K.Fu〕、半枫荷(Semiliquidambar cathayensis Chang)和金荞麦〔Fagopyrum dibotrys(D.Don)Hara〕为研究对象,分析了根、茎和叶片及根际土壤和岩石的C、N含量和C:N比以及δ13 C和δ15 N值的差异;在此基础上,通过δ13 C和δ15 N值的散点图比较了3种植物生态位的差异.结果表明:在同种植物中,根、茎和叶片的C和N含量及C:N比总体高于根际土壤和岩石,其中,叶片中C和N含量均最高,茎的C:N比最高;而根际土壤和岩石的δ13 C和δ15 N值总体高于根、茎和叶片.在供试的3种植物间,根际土壤和岩石中C和N含量总体上无明显差异,但根、茎和叶片中C和N含量以及根、茎和叶片及根际土壤和岩石的C:N比、δ13 C和δ15 N值均有一定差异;其中,金荞麦根中C含量显著(P<0.05)低于南方红豆杉和半枫荷,其根、茎和叶片中N含量和δ15 N值均极显著(P<0.01)高于后二者,其根、茎和叶片的C:N比和δ13 C值均极显著低于后二者,其根际土壤和岩石的C:N比和δ13 C值总体上也低于后二者;南方红豆杉和半枫荷的叶片中C和N含量以及茎和叶片的δ13 C值、根际土壤和岩石的δ13 C和δ15 N值均存在显著差异,但二者的整体差异相对较小.从散点图上看,金荞麦的生态位远离南方红豆杉和半枫荷,而后二者的生态位有交集.综合分析结果显示:草本植物金荞麦与木本植物南方红豆杉和半枫荷的C和N含量以及δ13 C和δ15 N值的差异不仅与植物自身的生活型有关,而且与各自生境中的光照和土壤因子等相关.另外,供试3种植物的根、茎和叶片的δ13 C值变幅为-31.69‰~-26.46‰,符合C3植物的δ13 C值范畴. 相似文献
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从石蒜〔Lycoris radiata(L’Hér.)Herb.〕叶片全长cDNA文库中克隆获得Mg^2+转运体(MGT)基因LrMGT。序列分析结果显示:LrMGT基因的cDNA序列全长1 726 bp,其中开放阅读框(ORF)长度921 bp,编码306个氨基酸。石蒜LrMGT基因编码的氨基酸序列的理论相对分子质量为33 635,理论等电点为pI 5.14,为疏水性膜蛋白,不具有信号肽。序列比对结果表明:石蒜LrMGT基因编码的氨基酸序列与小米〔Setaria italica(Linn.)Beauv.〕、水稻(Oryza sativa Linn.)和拟南芥〔Arabidopsis thaliana(Linn.)Heynh.〕等植物的MGT基因编码的氨基酸序列的相似性较高,相似度达到72%~76%;石蒜LrMGT基因与其他植物MGT基因编码的氨基酸序列的保守区域较大,均具有较高的保守性。在NJ系统树上石蒜LrMGT基因编码的氨基酸序列与禾本科(Gramineae)植物二穗短柄草〔Brachypodium distachyum(Linn.)Beauv.〕、水稻、高粱〔Sorghum bicolor(Linn.)Moench〕和小米MGT基因编码的氨基酸序列聚为同一个分支,表明它们可能具有较近的进化关系。实时荧光定量PCR结果表明:石蒜LrMGT基因在根和鳞茎中的相对表达量较高,在叶片和花中的相对表达量较低,具有明显的组织特异性。 相似文献
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Biosynthesis of pulmonary glycoconjugates. Mechanism of glucosylation of protein and lipid acceptors
In sheep lung microsomes, we have shown that glucosyl-transferases catalize the transfer of glucose from UDP-glucose into four different acceptors. The glucosylated products obtained are as follows: - a glucosyl-phosphoryl-polyprenol (product A) extractable by chloroform/methanol (2:1 by volume). - a product B extractable by chloroform/methanol/water (10:10:3 by volume). The product B was a mixture of five glycolipids, one of them having a chromatographic behaviour similar to the behaviour of a tetrahexosylceramide (asia-lo-GM1). - a product C insoluble in water and organic solvents which has been demonstrated to be a glycoproteinic compound. The molecular weight of this product C was 160 000 as estimated by gel-filtration. The carbohydrate moiety is composed of small oligosaccharides which are found to be attached by O-glycosidic bond to the protein chain. This linkage is not a collagen-like bond. 相似文献
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The effect of bis-(p-nitrophenyl)phosphate on various glycosyltransferases involved in protein glycosylation (sialyl-, fucosyl-, galactosyl-, mannosyl- and glucosyltransferases) have been studied using crude enzyme preparations solubilized from rat spleen lymphocytes. Bis-(p-nitrophenyl)phosphate appears as a common inhibitor for every glycosyltransferase reaction utilizing sugar nucleotides as direct donors. In most cases 10 mM inhibitor is sufficient to obtain a 90 per cent inhibition. Kinetic studies achieved with a purified galactosyltransferase preparation reveal that bis-(p-nitrophenyl)phosphate exerts a competitive inhibition towards UDP-galactose binding. Concerning membrane-bound enzymes, the interaction of bis-(p-nitrophenyl)phosphate depends on its accessibility to the enzyme active site. This is shown by the different effect obtained with two UDP-Glc utilizing membrane-bound enzymes : UDP-Glc : phospho-dolichyl glucosyltransferase and UDP-Glc : ceramide glucosyltransferase : the first one not being affected but the second one being markedly inhibited under the same condition, although both are inhibited when the membrane environment is disturbed by detergent. Bis-(p-nitrophenyl)phosphate appears to be a tool to study membrane topology of glycosyltransferases. 相似文献