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91.
92.
Pedro J. N. Silva Richard K. Koehn Walter J. Diehl III Robin P. Ertl Elaine B. Winshell Mauro Santos 《Biochemical genetics》1989,27(7-8):451-467
Four samples of the musselMytilus edulis were taken between 1984 and 1987 from Stony Brook, New York, and used to study the glucose-6-phosphate isomerase (GPI) polymorphism
in this species.In vitro specific activity andin vivo flux measured in the same animals were found to be significantly correlated. A significant effect of GPI genotype on flux
was observed in one of the samples; overall, significant evidence of effect of genotype on enzyme activity was also obtained.
GPI activities of common genotypes tend to deviate less from the population mean than those of rare (frequency less than 5%)
genotypes. This suggests the possibility that rare GPI genotypes are rare as a consequence of having biochemical properties
that deviate from an optimum level and, therefore, having a lower fitness. In support of this hypothesis, we found in one
of our samples that shell length is a concave function of GPI activity with an intermediate optimum activity level.
The financial support provided to P.J.N.S. by the Luso-American Educational Commission (Fulbright Program), the Instituto
Nacional de Investigacao Científica (Portugal), and the Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa during several stages
of this research is gratefully acknowledged. Financial support from the Ministerio de Educatión y Ciencia (Spain) in the form
of a postdoctoral Fulbright/MEC fellowship to M.S. is also gratefully acknowledged. Research was supported by National Science
Foundation Grant BSR-8415060 to R.K.K. This is contribution No. 736 from the Program in Ecology and Evolution, State University
of New York at Stony Brook.
On leave from Departamento de Biologia Vegetal, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande C2, Lisboa, Portugal. 相似文献
93.
A qualitative analysis of the Hodgkin-Huxley model (Hodgkin and Huxley 1952), which closely mimics the ionic processes at a real nerve membrane, is performed by means of a singular perturbation theory. This was achieved by introducing a perturbation parameter that, if decreased, speeds up the fast variables of the Hodgkin-Huxley equations (membrane potential and sodium activation), whereas it does not affect the slow variables (sodium inactivation and potassium activation). In the most extreme case, if the perturbation parameter is set to zero, the original four-dimensional system degenerates to a system with only two differential equations. This degenerate system is easier to analyze and much more intuitive than the original Hodgkin-Huxley equations. It shows, like the original model, an infinite train of action potentials if stimulated by an input current in a suitable range. Additionally, explanations for the increased sensitivity to depolarizing current steps that precedes an action potential can be found by analysis of the degenerate system. Using the theory of Mishchenko and Rozov (1980) it is shown that the degenerate system does not only represent a simplification of the original Hodgkin-Huxley equations but also gives a valid approximation of the original model at least for stimulating currents that are constant within a suitable range. 相似文献
94.
Anna L. Ballard Alastair G. McEwan David J. Richardson J. Baz Jackson Stuart J. Ferguson 《Archives of microbiology》1990,154(3):301-303
Rhodobacter capsulatus strain BK5 possesses a membrane bound respiratory nitrate reductase rather than the periplasmic enzyme found in other strains. The enzyme in strain BK5 is shown to be both functionally and structurally related to the nitrate reductase of Paracoccus denitrificans and Escherichia coli.Abbreviation TMAO
trimethylamine-N-oxide 相似文献
95.
C. Bandeira-Duarte C. A. M. Carvalho E. J. Cragoe Jr A. P. Carvalho 《Neurochemical research》1990,15(3):313-320
Preparations of synaptosomes isolated in sucrose or in Na+-rich media were compared with respect to internal pH (pH1), internal Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]i), membrane potential and45Ca2+ uptake due to K+ depolarization and Na+/Ca2+ exchange. We found that synaptosomes isolated in sucrose media have a pHi of 6.77±0.04 and a [Ca2+]i of about 260 nM, whereas synaptosomes isolated in Na+-rich ionic media have a pHi of 6.96±0.07 and a [Ca2+]i of 463 nM, but both types of preparations have similar membrane potentials of about –50 mV when placed in choline media. The sucrose preparation takes up Ca2+ only by voltage sensitive calcium channels (VSCC'S) when K+-depolarized, while the Na+-rich synaptosomes take up45Ca2+ both by VSCC'S and by Na+/Ca2+ exchange. The amiloride derivative 2, 4 dimethylbenzamil (DMB), at 30 M, inhibits both mechanisms of Ca2+ influx, but 5-(N-4-chlorobenzyl)-2, 4 dimethylbenzamil (CBZ-DMB), at 30 M, inhibits the Ca2+ uptake by VSCC'S, but not by Na+/Ca2+ exchange. Thus, DMB and CBZ-DMB permit distinguishing between Ca2+ flux through channels and through Na+/Ca2+ exchange. We point out that the different properties of the two types of synaptosomes studied account for some of the discrepancies in results reported in the literature for studies of Ca2+ fluxes and neurotransmitter release by different types of preparations of synaptosomes.Abbreviations used BCECF
2,7-Biscarboxyethyl-5(6)-carboxyfluorescein
- BCECF/AM
acetoxymethyl ester of BCECF
- [Ca2+]i
Internal free calcium ion concentration
- CBZ-DMB
5-(N-4-chlorobenzyl)-2,4-dimethylbenzamil
- DMB
2, 4-dimethylbenzamil
- DMSO
dimethyl sulfoxide
- Indo-1/AM
acetoxymethyl ester of Indo-1
- MES
2-|N-Morpholino|ethanesulfonic acid
- NMG
N-methyl-D-glucamine
- pHi
internal pH
- TPP+
tetraphenylphosphonium
- p
plasma membrane potential 相似文献
96.
用计算机处理脑片诱发电位可大大提高数据处理效率和信息提取率,并使大量、连续观察成为可能,本系统数据采集板与计算机之间采用DMA方式进行数据传送,包括采样子程序在内的全部处理程序均用高级BASIC语言编写,文中介绍了该程序各项功能和有关编程技巧以及海马脑片实验中的应用实例。 相似文献
97.
麦田冠层气孔导度的分层研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
小麦灌浆期和乳熟期冠层各层叶片上、下表面的气孔导度之间呈正相关关系;冠层不同层的叶片气孔导度从早到傍晚有平行变化的趋势,数值上存在较大的差异,一般从冠层上到下递减。经分析,这主要与冠层叶片接受的光强自上而下递减有关,且这时所对应的叶片水势自冠层上到下递增的幅度大。测算结果表明,冠层气孔导度白天亦呈明显的日变化,灌浆期的值大于乳熟期的值。 相似文献
98.
Jaime Cavelier 《Trees - Structure and Function》1990,4(3):155-163
Summary Diurnal courses of stomatal conductance, leaf water potential, and the components of tissue water potential were measured in six canopy species in an elfin cloud forest. High values of stomatal conductance were measured on cloudy days and during early morning and late afternoon of sunny days. Decreases in stomatal conductance with increases in vapour pressure deficit may have been a response to avoid further water deficits and suggested a stomatal response to changes in relative humidity. Daily transpiration varied between 470 and 1014 g m-2 day-1 during cloudy days and between 532 and 944 g m-2 day-1 during clear days. Stomatal conductance may have also responded to changes in leaf water potential, which was minimum at noon. The minimum tissue water potential measured in the field was -1.8 MPa in Myrcianthes fragrans, and the minimum turgor pressure was 0.49 MPa also in M. fragrans. There was a correlation between the osmotic potential and the minimum tissue water potential, suggesting that osmotic potential plays a major role in the maintenance of turgor in these species, in spite of the great variability in the elastic properties of leaf tissues. Turgor pressure decreased during the day following the course of water potential but never approached the turgor loss point, as it has been measured in some lowland rain forest trees. This is a strong indication that elfin cloud forest trees do not suffer severe water deficits, and that small tree stature is not directly related to water shortage. 相似文献
99.
SC_9-4是以植物油为原料研制成功的一种高速冷轧工艺润滑油。经武钢高速冷轧机轧制性能鉴定,它的高速轧制性能优于棕榈油。我们使用高效液相色谱比较分析鉴定了SC_9-4和棕榈油的甘油三酯组成。分析结果:SC_9-4:的主要甘油三酯是POP(42.8%)和PPP(14.6%),而棕榈油的主要甘油三酯是POP(31.3%)、POO(20.1%)、PLP(12.2%)和PLO(11.6%)。我们初步探讨甘油三酯组成与轧制性能关系认为,SC_9-4的高速轧制性能优于棕榈油,可能是和SC_9-4含PPP、PPS和PSS的含量(18.8%)高于棕榈油(9.9%)有关。 相似文献
100.
This minireview makes an initial assessment of the progress made using anisotropy decay measurements for investigating the conformational changes and molecular dynamics in soluble systems. A critical analysis of available data is presented. The anisotropy decays of the tryptophan fluorescence of staphylococcal nuclease, adrenocorticotropin, melittin and of labeled transfer RNA were studied for investigating the functional conformational changes of these systems. The emissions of variously labeled immunoglobulins have been used to elucidate the conformations of these proteins before and after the binding of specific antibodies. Labeled myosin and its fragments have given information on the functional motions of the protein domains. The anisotropy decays of labeled and natural hemoglobin systems have been utilized for exploring the allosteric behavior of these molecules. The data suggest a wide applicability of this technique to the study of protein dynamics and conformational changes of macromolecules. 相似文献