Action spectra for the light inhibition of flowering and its reversal inLemna paucicostata T-101

Lemna paucicostata Hegelm. T-101, a short-day plant, flowers when plants preirradiated with red light (R) for 24 h are subjected to inductive darkness for 72 h followed by two short-day cycles (6 h R+ 18 h dark). However, flowering is inhibited by blue-or far-red-light pulses applied at the beginning of the inductive dark period. These inhibitory light effects are fully reversible by a R pulse. The action spectra for the inhibitory light effect and for its reversal show that the light pulses act exclusively through phytochrome. It is concluded that a low level of Pfr at the beginning of the inductive dark period prevents flowering.Abbreviations R red (light) - B blue (light) - FR far-red (light)     

A vibrational study of the CD2 stretching bands of selectively deuterated palmitic and stearic acids

The C-D stretching regions of the infrared and Raman spectra of 14 different palmitic and stearic acids containing isolated CD₂ groups are reported. Anomalous behaviour is observed when substitution occurs near the terminal methyl group, which behaviour can not be explained in terms of crystal field effects.     

Racemization of the aqua-{N-salicylidene-(S)-alaninato}copper(II) by reaction with potassium cyanate

Copper(II) N-salicylidene-(S)-alaninate trihydrate reacting as the S-enantiomeric parent compound with KOCN in hot diluted methanol yielded by slow crystallisation from the cooled reaction mixture (in the course of 1 day) the racemic product K[Cu{sal-(RS)-ala}(NCO)]. The parameters of the axial type EPR spectrum in X-band region and the LF band position in the electronic spectrum are typical of an axially distorted square pyramidal coordination of the Cu(II) atom in this complex. The spectral properties of the complex cuprate prepared and its basal crystallographic data are consistent with those of the earlier studied¹⁵ K₂[Cu₂{sal-(RS)-ala}₂(μ-NCO)₂] synthetized by using [Cu{sal-(RS)-ala}(H₂O)].H₂O as the racemic parent complex in the reaction mixture with KOCN.     

The eco-sociological value of dispersal spectra of two plant communities

Summary A new system of dispersal units has been elaborated, based on weight and morphological features functional in dispersal. Weight was divided into eight classes and the functional morphological features were selected in such a way that their effectiveness could be tested by experiments.The spectra of weight and dispersal adaptations of dispersal units sampled in Euphorbio-Pinetum nigrae and Fumano-Stipetum habitats south of Vienna are calculated with this system and then compared.The results show that both communities can be characterized with such spectra. It is also possible with these spectra to make statements about the ecological and social position of the association in a succession.Nomenclature follows Ehrendorfer (1973).     

Multiple mechanisms of cytochrome P450-catalyzed substrate hydroxylations

We have examined the 5-$\text{exo}$-hydroxylation of camphor by cytochrome P450 in [¹⁸O] water/buffer solution. In the $\text{NADH}\text{O}{}_2\text{-dependent}$ reaction of the reconstituted multienzyme system, no ¹⁸O-label is observed in the product alcohol. Similarly, in the m-chloroperbenzoic acid or cumene hydroperoxide supported reactions with ferric P450, solvent oxygen is not incorporated into hydroxycamphor. When the analagous reaction is carried out using iodosobenzene as the exogenous oxidant, however, the alcoholic oxygen of the product is derived entirely from the solvent. These results cannot be explained by equilibration of the iodosobenzene oxygen with solvent water before reacting with P450, and suggest a unique mechanism for iodosobenzene-supported P450 oxygenations. We propose two distinct mechanistic activities for cytochrome P450: a hydroxylase, and an oxene transferase, with the former encompassing the classic oxygenase as well as “peroxygenase” reactions.     

The photoreaction center of Rhodospirillum rubrum mutant strain F24.1

Rhodospirillum rubrum strain F24.1 is a spontaneous revertant of nonphototrophic mutant F24 derived from wild-type strain S1. Strain F24 shows no detectable photochemical activity and contains, at most, traces of the photoreaction center polypeptides. Strain F24.1 has a phototrophic growth rate close to that of the wild-type strain (Picorel, R., del Valle-Tascón, S. and Ramírez, J.M. (1977) Arch. Biophys. Biochem. 181, 665–670) but shows little photochemical activity. Light-induced absorbance changes in the near-infrared, photoinduced EPR signals and ferricyanide-elicited absorbance changes indicate that strain F24.1 has a photoreaction center content of 7–8% as compared to strain S1. Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of isolated F24.1 chromatophores shows the photoreaction center polypeptides to be present in amounts compatible with this value. Photoreaction center was prepared from strain F24.1 and showed no detectable difference with that of strain S1. It is concluded that strain F24.1 photosynthesis is due entirely to its residual 7–8% of typical photoreaction center.     

尿蛋白质组学在肾脏疾病研究中的应用

长期以来,肾脏病的治疗进展一直十分缓慢,这是因为目前一些肾脏病在诊断分型上存在很多缺陷,分型通常只能依靠细微的组织病理学差异,这使早期诊断、预后追踪以及疗效观察都十分困难。如果能发现像肌钙蛋白一样特异的生物学标志物,将有助于提高肾脏病的诊疗水平。由于尿液与泌尿系统之间存在着天然的联系,这使得尿液在反映泌尿系统功能方面具备"地理"优势。因此,尿蛋白质组学的兴起和发展为肾脏病及其他泌尿系统疾病的研究开启了一扇新的大门。该文综述了尿蛋白质组学技术的发展及其在各种泌尿系统疾病研究中的应用。     

朝鲜毛球蚧蜡泌物的超微形态与红外光谱特征

采用扫描电镜和红外光谱技术研究了朝鲜毛球蚧Didesmococcus koreanus在不同发育阶段蜡泌物的超微形态和化学成分。结果发现：该虫在低龄期的蜡泌物的形态是长丝状,到3龄和成虫期是由湿蜡凝结成不同大小的颗粒,块状和片状。雄虫蜡壳是薄蜡片构成,表面呈鱼鳞状凹凸。低龄期若虫蜡泌物的红外光谱特征与雌成虫的十分相似,说明二者所含的主要化学成分是相同的,雄虫和低龄若虫及雌成虫蜡壳萃取物的红外光谱的吸收峰型基本一致,但在1 240.7 cm^-1处出现一个中等强度的特征峰,这充分说明3种蜡泌物的有机化合物种类和结构一致,只是雄虫分泌物与另二者比较具有特征官能团,从而,利用该吸收峰可以区别出雄虫。此外,根据红外光谱特征分析,可以知道该虫蜡泌物的化学成分主要为长链脂肪酸、脂肪醇和一些带芳香环的化合物。     

Autism and X-linked hypophosphatemia: A possible association?

We herein report the joint occurrence of an autistic disorder (AD) and X-linked hypophosphatemia. X-linked hypophosphatemia (XLH), an X-linked dominant disorder, is the most common of the inherited renal phosphate wasting disorders. Autism is a pervasive developmental disorder that occurs mainly due to genetic causes. In approximately 6-15% of cases, the autistic phenotype is a part of a broader genetic condition called syndromic autism.Therefore, reports of cases with the joint occurrence of a known genetic syndrome and a diagnosis of ASD by a child psychiatrist are relevant. A joint occurrence does not, however, mean that there is always a causal link between the genetic syndrome and the autistic behavioural phenotype. In this case, there are a number of arguments countering a causal link.     

Chronic wasting disease: Fingerprinting the culprit in risk assessments

Transmissible spongiform encephalopathies (prion diseases) in animals may be associated with a zoonotic risk potential for humans as shown by the occurrence of variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease in the wake of the bovine spongiform encephalopathy epidemic. Thus, the increasing exposure of humans in North America to cervid prions of chronic wasting disease (CWD) in elk and deer has prompted comprehensive risk assessments. The susceptibility of humans to CWD infections is currently under investigation in different studies using macaques as primate models. The necessity for such studies was recently reinforced when disease-associated prion protein and its seeding activity were detected in muscles of clinically inconspicuous CWD-infected white-tailed deer (WTD). Increasing evidence points to the existence of different CWD strains and CWD prions may also change or newly emerge over time. Therefore, CWD isolates examined in macaques should be characterized as precisely as possible for their molecular identity. On this basis other CWD field samples collected in the past, present or future could be systematically compared with macaque-tested inocula in order to assess whether they are covered by the ongoing risk assessments in primates. CWD typing by Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy of pathological prion protein may provide a method of choice for this purpose.