Preferential expression of linear enamel hypoplasia on the sectorial premolars of rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta)

Three hundred and sixty rhesus macaque specimens at the Caribbean Primate Research Center were examined for evidence of linear enamel hypoplasia (LEH). A previously unreported intertooth pattern in LEH was observed. Defects occur preferentially on the sectorial premolar of both males and females. Relative to other teeth, the sectorial premolar exhibits more prominent defects and is more likely to exhibit multiple defects. This pattern is unlike the human intertooth LEH pattern and unlike patterns previously reported for monkeys and apes. These observations are discussed in the context of factors thought to influence the intertooth distribution of LEH in humans and in nonhuman primates. The authors reject crown height, the timing of crown development, and the duration of crown formation as factors contributing to the observed pattern and favor an explanation involving enamel thickness, perikymata spacing, and/or prism orientation. Am J Phys Anthropol 107:179–186, 1998. © 1998 Wiley-Liss, Inc.     

Correspondence between enamel hypoplasia and odontometric bilateral asymmetry in Australian twins

Four aspects of enamel hypoplasia of the maxillary central incisor and mandibular canine (hypoplasia presence, width, cumulative width, and crown position) were correlated with directional and fluctuating measures of bilateral odontometric asymmetry in a large panel (n = 950) of South Australian twins. Hypoplasia and asymmetry are thought to reflect general developmental disruption, but they show few correlations beyond the expected statistical type I error. This may relate to differences in their specific etiology, the composite nature of overall crown dimensions, a general lack of stress, and the extended period of formation of dental crowns. In contrast, asymmetry is marginally more detectable in a subsample separated according to hypoplastic teeth, suggesting that correspondence may be clearer in comparisons at the population rather than individual level. The most notable difference is the greater variability of asymmetry measures in hypoplastic individuals.     

Lim 1 is required for nephric duct extension and ureteric bud morphogenesis

The nephric duct plays a central role in orchestrating the development of the mammalian urogenital system. Lim 1 is a homeobox gene required for head and urogenital development in the mouse but most Lim 1-deficient embryos die by embryonic day 10. To determine the role of Lim 1 in the development of the nephric duct, we conditionally removed Lim 1 in the nephric epithelium just after the nephric duct begins to form using a floxed allele of Lim 1 and Pax2-cre transgenic mice. We report that Lim 1 conditional knockout mice have renal hypoplasia and hydronephrosis. Developmental studies revealed that the caudal portion of the nephric duct did not reach the urogenital sinus at embryonic day 10.5, formation of the ureteric bud was delayed, the ureteric bud was smaller and branching of the ureteric bud reduced. We also found that the nephric duct was generally not maintained and extension of the Müllerian duct inhibited. Molecular analysis indicated that Pax2 was expressed normally but the expression of Wnt9b and E-cadherin in the nephric duct was markedly altered. These results suggest that Lim 1 influences nephric duct extension and ureteric bud outgrowth by regulating and or maintaining the differentiation of the nephric epithelium.     

复方抗栓酶股动脉注射与静滴治疗下肢动脉闭塞性疾病101例分析

比较股动脉注射与静脉滴注两法给予复方抗栓确治疗下肢动脉闭性疾病的疗效。方法１０１例患者随机分成股动脉注射与静脉滴注复方抗栓酶两组。结果显效率股动脉组６２．３％，静脉组４１．７％。结论复方抗栓酶股动脉注射治疗下肢动脉闭塞性疾病的疗效明显优于静脉滴注（Ｐ＜０．０１）。     

尖顶距在股骨近端抗旋转髓内钉治疗股骨近端骨折中的应用

目的:探讨尖顶距在股骨近端抗旋转髓内钉治疗股骨近端骨折临床效果中的作用和意义,为骨外科手术疗效的评价提供可借鉴的方法。方法:对2006年8月-2007年10月期间在我院接受PFNA治疗的32例股骨近端骨折患者的临床资料进行回顾性分析。根据AO/ASIF国际内固定研究学会标准对骨折进行分类,应用术中和术后即刻X光射线照片对骨折复位情况、远端锁定类型和股骨头内刀片位置进行记录。患者术后常规X光照片观察切出情况,用Oxford髋关节评分系统评价临床疗效。结果:研究期间共有37例PFNA植入,纳入本研究的共32例,27例获得随访。其中,3例切出(2例内侧穿孔和1例内侧塌陷)TAD小于20mm。4例植入相关股骨骨折,2例不愈合,1例复位失败。结论:PFNA是治疗股骨近端不稳定型骨折的有效装置。我们认为TAD应尽量20 mm或30 mm以避免股骨头穿透。     

论股骨头坏死误诊的现状及分析

股骨头坏死是一种常见的疾病,在30岁至60岁年龄段的人群中较为常见,临床的症状包括疼痛以及髋部不适等,股骨头坏死在早期很难发现,由于没有得到准确的诊断,耽误了最佳的治疗时间和有效的治疗,随着病情的发展,最终将会造成股骨头变形以及塌陷,从而引起骨性关节炎,对髋关节功能的影响是很大的,甚至会丧失髋关节的基本功能。股骨头坏死的病状体征和早期症状存在一定的隐蔽性,因此,造成误诊的情况频繁发生。此外,有些疾病的症状表现为髋关节疼痛,最后反而容易被误诊为股骨头坏死。