Circulating microRNA signature of steroid‐induced osteonecrosis of the femoral head

Objectives

Steroid‐induced osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH) is a common orthopaedic disease of which early detection remains clinically challenging. Accumulating evidences indicated that circulating microRNAs (miRNAs) plays vital roles in the development of several bone diseases. However, the association between circulating miRNAs and steroid‐induced ONFH remains elusive.

Materials and methods

miRNA microarray was performed to identify the differentially abundant miRNAs in the serums of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients with steroid‐induced ONFH as compared with SLE control and healthy control group. We predicted the potential functions of these differentially abundant miRNAs using Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analyses and reconstructed the regulatory networks of miRNA‐mRNA interactions.

Results

Our data indicated that there were 11 differentially abundant miRNAs (2 upregulated and 9 downregulated) between SLE‐ONFH group and healthy control group and 42 differentially abundant miRNAs (14 upregulated and 28 downregulated) between SLE‐ONFH group and SLE control group. We also predicted the potential functions of these differentially abundant miRNAs using Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analyses and reconstructed the regulatory networks of miRNA‐mRNA interactions.

Conclusions

These findings corroborated the idea that circulating miRNAs play significant roles in the development of ONFH and may serve as diagnostic markers and therapeutic targets.     

A molecular phylogenetic and phylogeographic study of two forms of Calliptamus barbarus (Costa 1836) (Orthoptera: Acrididae,Calliptaminae) from two regions of Algeria

Calliptamus barbarus (Orthoptera: Acrididae) is the most polymorphic species within the genus Calliptamus. It shows a morphological polymorphism (three hind femoral spots, or only one hind femoral spot). Several studies have been made in order to distinguish the two forms: morphometry, number of ovarioles, sound production, protein and enzyme system. The aim of our work is to assess whether the two forms can be considered as different taxa and to perform a molecular phylogenetic study of two populations of C. barbarus collected from two different Algerian localities. No clear genetic differentiation was found between the samples with different morphologies. Additionally, the samples from Algeria do not form a monophyletic sister clade compared to the one formed by the sequences from GenBank from other geographical regions. Despite the morphological differences shown between the two populations, our molecular study indicates that there are no differences at a molecular level using the two mitochondrial genes COI and 16S.     

An enigmatic hypoplastic defect of the deciduous canine

A roughly circular hypoplastic defect restricted to the labial enamel surface of the deciduous canine is described. This pathology is quite common in available samples of Upper Paleolithic and Neolithic children and a cadaver sample of recent Calcuttans, affecting 44% to 70% of individuals. It is rare in a Neanderthal sample and in children from a clinical practice in Vancouver. The lesion occurs twice as commonly in the lower jaw. The defect appears to commence at or after birth owing to localized pressure on thin or nonexistent alveolar bone overlying the bulging crypt of the deciduous canine. Population differences in the incidence of the pathology probably reflect innate and acquired variation in hard and soft tissue thicknesses in this region.     

抑制JAK/STAT信号通路可减轻激素诱导的MRL/lpr狼疮鼠股骨头坏死

股骨头坏死(osteonecrosis of femoral head, ONFH)是系统性红斑狼疮(systematic lupus erythematosus, SLE)并发症之一,其发病机制复杂,治疗棘手,是SLE致残的主要原因。已有研究证实,JAK/STAT信号通路参与SLE的病理过程,而JAK/STAT激活也被发现与ONFH的发生有关。我们推测并证实,JAK/STAT信号通路在SLE-ONFH发生发展中发挥了重要作用。30只雌性MRL/lpr小鼠随机分为3组：模型组(脂多糖/24 h, 2次+甲基强的松龙/24 h, 3次)、对照组(加等量PBS)和治疗组(模型组+JAK1/2抑制剂巴瑞替尼/d, 6周),每组各10只。比较各组小鼠抓力的结果表明,模型组小鼠在第4周与第6周时,抓力值较对照组明显减少(P<0.05);治疗组小鼠在第6周时,抓力值优于模型组(P<0.05)。造模第6周处死小鼠取双侧股骨头,观察股骨头形态及HE染色病理改变。结果表明,对照组小鼠股骨头呈球型,透亮,骨质坚硬,无软骨缺损;模型组小鼠股骨头呈不规则型,粗糙,色泽灰暗,股骨头有部分缺损;治疗组...     

骨源性细胞因子在激素性股骨头坏死发生发展中的研究进展

股骨头坏死是骨外科常见的难治性疾病,其机制仍有待研究.目前为止,医源性糖皮质激素是非创伤性股骨头坏死的主要原因.激素的长期使用可导致股骨头骨细胞凋亡、血液循环障碍所致缺血缺氧,最终导致股骨头塌陷.激素性股骨头坏死的发生发展与骨组织中细胞直接接触和其间接分泌的细胞因子调控相关.本文综述了骨组织中成骨细胞分泌的核因子κB受...     

Is Aberrant DNA Methylation a Key Factor in Molar Incisor Hypomineralization?

Molar incisor hypomineralization (MIH) is a qualitative disturbance of the enamel of the permanent molars and/or incisors. Its etiology is not clearly defined but is connected with different factors occurring before and after birth. It remains difficult to identify a single factor or group of factors, and the problem is further complicated by various overlapping mechanisms. In this study, we attempted to determine whether DNA methylation—an epigenetic mechanism—plays a key role in the etiology of MIH. We collected the epithelium of the oral mucosa from children with MIH and healthy individuals and analyzed its global DNA methylation level in each child using a 5-mC DNA ELISA kit after DNA isolation. There was no statistically significant difference between the global DNA methylation levels in the study and control groups. Then, we also analyzed the associations of the DNA methylation levels with different prenatal, perinatal, and postnatal factors, using appropriate statistical methods. Factors such as number of pregnancies, number of births, type of delivery, varicella infection (under 3 years old), and high fever (under 3 years old) were significantly important. This work can be seen as the first step towards further studies of the epigenetic background of the MIH etiology.     

重组人骨保护素对激素性股骨头坏死患者骨密度及髋关节Harris评分 的影响

目的:探讨重组人骨保护素对于激素性股骨头坏死患者的骨密度和髋关节Harris评分的影响。方法:选取我院骨科已经确诊的110例激素性股骨头坏死患者,随机分为对照组(给予仙灵骨葆胶囊)和观察组(给予仙灵骨葆胶囊和重组人骨保护素),连续治疗4周,检测并比较两组患者治疗前后的骨密度、髋关节Harris评分、血清抗酒石酸酸性磷酸酶(TRAP)、Ⅱ型胶原羧基端端肽(CTX-Ⅱ)水平以及复发率变化。结果:与对照组相比较,观察组患者腰椎骨和股骨近端的骨密度较高平(P0.05);髋关节Harris评分总有效率(92.73%)显著高于对照组(76.36%)(P0.05)。两组血清TRAP及CTX-Ⅱ水平显著低于治疗前,且试验组血清TRAP及CTX-Ⅱ水平显著低于对照组(P0.05),与对照组相比,观察组复发率较低(P0.05)。结论:重组人骨保护素能够抑制骨吸收,提高骨密度和强度,改善髋关节功能,有望成为激素性股骨头坏死的新型治疗方法。     

髓内钉InterTan 治疗股骨近端骨折的早期疗效分析

目的:分析应用新一代股骨近端髓内钉( InterTan)治疗股骨近端骨折的早期临床疗效.方法:回顾性分析2009年9月至201 1年8月我科共收治股骨近端骨折患者共107例,均采用InterTan髓内钉系统进行治疗,其中男45例,女62例;年龄34-93岁,平均73.05岁.受伤肢体左侧63例,右侧44例.按AO分型,31-A1型32例,31 -A2型59例,31-A3型16例.记录患者手术持续时间、并发症、死亡率、骨折愈合时间、末次复查Harris评分,并对比患者健侧及患侧术前、术中及术后1周的颈干角变化.所有数据采用SPSS 13.0进行统计分析.结果:平均手术持续时间为66.69分钟.颈干角:术前健侧:140.66±9.08度,术前患侧:118.00± 15.49度,术中患侧:135.16± 7.08度,术后1周患侧:137.51±15.21度.术前患侧颈干角与其他三组相比均有显著性差异(P＜0.05),术前健侧、术中复位后患侧、术后1周患侧颈干角之间相比均无显著性差异.3例患者于随访过程中死亡,6例患者失访.98例患者获得随访,随访时间3 -22个月,平均8.6个月.2例患者发生头钉切出,3例患者术后练习后出现股骨疼痛症状,未发生股骨干骨折.96例患者均获得骨性愈合,骨折愈合时间12～18周.临床疗效按Harris评分标准:41-92分,平均78.5分,优良率80.6％.结论:髓内钉InterTan是治疗股骨近端骨折的良好选择.     

仙灵骨葆胶囊联合改良髓芯减压人工骨植入术对股骨头坏死患者血液流变学和生活质量的影响

摘要 目的：探讨仙灵骨葆胶囊联合改良髓芯减压人工骨植入术治疗股骨头坏死的疗效及对血液流变学和生活质量的影响。方法：选取2015年3月~2018年12月期间我院收治的股骨头坏死患者60例,上述患者根据随机数字表法分为对照组（n=30）和研究组（n=30）,对照组患者予以改良髓芯减压人工骨植入术治疗,研究组在对照组基础上联合仙灵骨葆胶囊治疗,对两组患者疗效、血液流变学、生活质量、髋关节功能及并发症情况进行比较。结果：研究组治疗后12个月的临床总有效率93.33%（28/30）高于对照组70.00%（21/30）（P<0.05）。两组患者治疗后Harris髋关节功能评分均升高,且研究组高于对照组（P<0.05）。两组患者治疗后12个月生活质量测定量表(SF-36)各维度评分均升高,且研究组高于对照组（P<0.05）。两组患者治疗后12个月全血黏度、红细胞压积、纤维蛋白原均降低,且研究组低于对照组（P<0.05）。两组并发症发生率比较无明显差异(P>0.05)。结论：仙灵骨葆胶囊联合改良髓芯减压人工骨植入术治疗股骨头坏死,疗效显著,可有效改善患者髋关节功能、血液流变学及提高生活质量,且安全性较好。