快速康复配合腹腔穿刺减压治疗胃粘膜下肿瘤术后气腹的效果观察

目的:探讨快速康复护理模式对行腹腔穿刺放气结合胃肠减压处理胃黏膜下肿瘤患者的术后气腹症状,为临床护理工作提供参考。方法:对我院2010年7月至2013年1月收治的43例的胃黏膜下肿瘤患者行EFR手术,对术中及术后各临床资料进行分析。结果:两组患者手术的基本情况无显著性差异(P0.05)。快速康复组患者术后恢复情况优于常规护理组,且术后并发症的发生率低,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。快速康复组护理工作的落实率和患者治疗的依从性均明显优于常规护理组,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:通过胃肠减压和腹腔穿刺放气能有效改善患者因术中胃壁全层切除产生胃壁穿孔而导致的术后气腹症状,全套操作及护理能够减少患者术后并发症、平均住院时间和平均住院花费,是一种安全有效的处理胃粘膜下肿瘤EFR术后气腹方法。     

单节段颈椎人工椎间盘置换术治疗颈椎病的临床研究

目的:探讨单节段颈椎人工椎间盘置换术(CDA)治疗颈椎病的临床效果。方法:选择2013年5月到2015年5月在我院收治的80例颈椎病患者,按手术方式不同分为颈椎人工椎间盘置换组(CDA组)和前路颈椎减压融合组(ACDF组),各40例。两组患者均于术前、术后3个月、术后6个月及术后1年进行末期随访时,采用颈椎功能障碍指数(NDI)评价患者颈部功能,采用颈痛视觉模拟评分(VAS)和上肢痛VAS评价患者颈部疼痛,采用X线片在过伸和过屈位测量患者术前和术后手术节段相邻节段的活动度。结果:两组患者术后3个月、6个月及术后1年时的NDI评分、颈痛VAS及上肢痛VAS均明显低于术前,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05),然而两组间比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。CDA组患者术后3个月、6个月及术后1年时的手术相邻上节段活动度和手术相邻下节段活动度与术前比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05),而ACDF组患者术后3个月、6个月及术后1年时均明显高于术前及同期CDA组,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:单节段CDA治疗颈椎病的临床疗效与ACDF相近,另外其不会引起手术相邻节段活动度的增加,值得在临床上推广应用。     

Antibodies raised against tobacco aquaporins of the PIP2 class label viscin tissue of the explosive dwarf mistletoe fruit

Dwarf mistletoes, genus Arceuthobium , are parasitic flowering plants and forest pests. In western North America, Arceuthobium americanum (lodgepole pine dwarf mistletoe) is principally found on Pinus contorta var. latifolia (lodgepole pine). Dwarf mistletoes disperse their seeds by an explosive process that involves the buildup of hydrostatic pressure within a mucilaginous fruit tissue called the 'viscin'. Living viscin tissue envelops the discharged seeds. This study examined the possibility that aquaporins, critical in plant water relations, might be found in the dwarf mistletoe fruit, specifically the viscin cells. An antibody raised against a tobacco plasma membrane intrinsic 2 (PIP2) aquaporin was used with a gold-labeled secondary antibody to probe dwarf mistletoe fruit at various developmental stages. Viscin cell plasma membranes were successfully labeled with the anti-tobacco probe, and the validity of the immunolabeling was supported by Western blot analysis, showing a strong signal at about 30 kDa, which is at the expected size of a PIP2. A definitive immunolabeling pattern, supported by quantification of gold signal per membrane length, was observed: viscin cells sampled early in development had abundant gold label at their plasma membranes (1.93 ± 0.13 to 2.13 ± 0.33 gold particles per μm membrane), while other areas of the cells had no discernible label. Viscin cells sampled near the time of explosive discharge had significantly less label at the plasma membrane (0.21 gold particles ± 0.11 per μm membrane, P   <   0.05), and label was seen at vesicular membranes. Aquaporins likely have a role in directing water to the viscin mucilage early in development, but are retrieved via endocytosis to prevent excess water loss from viscin cells when discharge is imminent.     

Fruit-discharge-type in Geranium (Geraniaceae): its use in classification and its evolutionary implications

Three main types of seed-discharge in Geranium are made the basis of its division into subgenera: Geranium subgenus Geranium , with a ballistic expulsion of the seed from the mericarp, termed 'seed-ejection'; Geranium subgenus Robertium , with forcible discharge of the mericarp with the seed in it, separately from the awn, termed 'carpel-projection', and Geranium subgenus Erodioideae , with the seed-containing mericarp being thrown off with the attached awn, which becomes helically coiled, called the 'Erodium-type'. Variants of the seed-ejecting type permit the division of Geranium subgenus Geranium into three sections. Other criteria are used to divide Geranium subgenus Robertium into eight sections and Geranium subgenus Erodioideae into two. Species are fully enumerated except for Geranium section Geranium , which comprises the bulk of the genus, and for which some tentative subgroups are given in an Appendix. Diversity of fruit-type in Geranium is greatest in the Mediterranean Region. Characters of the fruit in other genera of Geraniaceae are surveyed. Geographical distributions, chromosome numbers, pollen morphology and phytochemistry are reviewed. It is suggested that Erodium-type fruit discharge, shared with the four remaining genera of the family, is primitive, and that carpel-projection and seed-ejection arose from it separately, the latter probably more than once. The very large, mainly perennial, Geranium subgenus Geranium is contrasted with Geranium subgenus Robertium , half of which is hapaxanthic, and which occupies marginal habitats and shows greater morphological and chromosomal variation despite its being only one tenth the size. Geranium subgenus Erodioideae is smaller still and probably relictual.     

Modeling the dynamics of risk of altitude decompression sickness

A probabilistic model of decompression sickness is modified by introducing corrections that determine more precisely the risk of tissue injury by gas bubbles as a function of blood supply and bubble nucleation intensity. Parameters of the “worst” virtual tissues and theoretical curves corresponding to empirical data on the cumulative probability of decompression sickness symptoms for some altitude decompression procedures are determined. The parameters are shown to depend on final pressure, physical load, and duration of preoxygenation.     

Molecular dynamics study on explosive boiling of ultra-thin liquid over solid substrate: considering interface wettability of Argon/MoS2

A molecular dynamics (MD) study is carried out to reveal the phenomenon about the normal and explosive boiling of ultra-thin liquid argon film absorbed on MoS₂ surface with different wetting conditions. The three-phase molecular system is composed of a solid MoS₂ wall, a liquid argon film and a vapour argon region. Initially, the three-phase simulated system is thermally equilibrated at a low temperature. Then the MoS₂ heat source is suddenly heated up to two different high temperatures those far above critical point of liquid argon, and the argon experienced a phase transition process in the NVE ensemble. The simulation results show that the good wetting properties and high heat source temperature dramatically enhance phase transition efficiency, accelerating the heat transfer rate, shortening the boiling time, and increasing the evaporation rate, and they have remarkable effects on temperature and pressure histories, density distribution during whole boiling process. Explosive boiling is more likely to occur at high superheated degree, but evaporation occurs at low superheated degree. In addition, at a high superheated degree, it can be conclude from the simulation results that the better wetting properties of the solid-liquid interface is, the shorter time of the explosive boiling is needed.     

Surgical decompression in acute spinal cord injury: A review of clinical evidence,animal model studies,and potential future directions of investigation

The goal for treatment in acute spinal cord injury （SCI） is to reduce the extent of secondary damage and facilitate neurologic regeneration and functional recovery. Although multiple studies have investigated potential new therapies for the treatment of acute SCI, outcomes and management protocols aimed at ameliorating neurologic injury in patients remain ineffective. More recent clinical and basic science research have shown surgical interventions to be a potentially valuable modality for treatment; however, the role and timing of surgical decompression, in addition to the optimal surgical intervention, remain one of the most controversial topics pertaining to surgical treatment of acute SCI. As an increasing number of potential treatment modalities emerge, animal models are pivotal for investigating its clinical application and translation into human trials. This review critically appraises the available literature for both clinical and basic science studies to highlight the extent of investigation that has occurred, specific therapies considered, and potential areas for future research.