基于等位基因InDel快速检测黑木耳原生质体单核体

以黑木耳 Auricularia auricula-judae栽培菌株Au916三磷酸甘油醛脱氢酶（GAPDH）两个等位基因中的InDel为基础,以原生质体再生菌株为研究材料,建立了基于InDel的黑木耳原生质体单核体检测技术,并采用荧光显微镜检和配对试验对此方法进行了验证。应用InDel能清晰地区分黑木耳双核体和两种原生质体单核体,且不同的单核体之间可以进行交配,其杂交双核体能正常出耳,结果表明基于等位基因InDel标记可以快速准确地检测黑木耳原生质体单核体。在大规模测序获得真菌基因组信息的基础上,InDel标记在原生质体单核体鉴定中的应用将更加普遍。     

Different Methods for Assessing the Features of Eating Disorders in Patients with Binge Eating Disorder: A Replication

Objective: To compare different methods for assessing the features of eating disorders in patients with binge eating disorder (BED). Research Methods and Procedures: A total of 47 participants with BED were administered the Eating Disorder Examination (EDE) Interview and completed the EDE‐Questionnaire (EDE‐Q) at baseline. A total of 37 participants prospectively self‐monitored their eating behaviors daily for 4 weeks and then completed another EDE‐Q. Results: At baseline, the EDE and the EDE‐Q were significantly correlated on frequencies of objective bulimic episodes (binge eating), overeating episodes, and on the dietary restraint, eating concern, weight concern, and shape concern subscales. Mean differences in the EDE and EDE‐Q frequencies of objective bulimic episodes and overeating were not significant but scores on the four subscales differed significantly, with the EDE‐Q yielding higher scores. At the 4‐week point, the EDE‐Q retrospective 28‐day assessment was significantly correlated with the prospective daily self‐monitoring records for frequency of objective bulimic episodes and the mean difference between the methods was not significant. The EDE‐Q and self‐monitoring findings for subjective bulimic episodes and objective overeating differed significantly. Discussion: In patients with BED, the three assessment methods showed some areas of acceptable convergence.     

A small-scale survey of intestinal parasite infections among children and adolescents in Legaspi city, the Philippines

To determine the status of infection caused by intestinal parasites among children and adolescents living in Legaspi city, the Philippines, we performed a small survey by fecal examination for helminth ova and protozoan cysts with formalin-ether concentration method. Of the 64 examinees, the infection rate was 78.1%. The infection rates of primary school children, preschool children and adolescents were 95.5%, 64.7% and 87.5%, respectively. The infection rate in urban areas was 56%, and 92.3% in rural areas. The infection rates were 51% with Trichuris trichiura, 40% with Ascaris lumbricoides, 23.4% with hookworm, 15.6% with Iodamoeba butschlii, 14.1% with Endolimax nana, 9.4% with Entamoeba coli and 7.8% with Giardia lamblia. There were 33 cases with multiple infection (51.6%). Mixed infection with more than 3 parasites was observed in 15 cases, all of them being children and adolescents living in rural areas. By this survey, it was conjectured that helminthic infection is prevalent among children and adolescents in Legaspi, Philippines.     

不同时间段睡眠剥夺配合改良式水合氯醛保留灌肠法在婴幼儿肺功能检查中的效果分析

摘要 目的：探讨不同时间段睡眠剥夺配合改良式水合氯醛保留灌肠法在婴幼儿肺功能检查中的镇静效果。方法：前瞻性选取2018年2月~2020年8月本院收治并需行肺功能检查的婴幼儿临床资料,纳入194例婴幼儿作为研究对象,根据随机数字表法简单随机分为四组。对照组（n=48）不进行睡眠剥夺,短时段组（n=48）行短时段睡眠剥夺,中时段组（n=49）行中时段睡眠剥夺,长时段组（n=49）行长时段睡眠剥夺。对比四组婴幼儿的入睡时间、镇静效果及不良反应。结果：四组婴幼儿入睡时间的组间差异具有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。与对照组相比,联合睡眠剥夺干预的三组婴幼儿在10 min内进入睡眠的例数明显增多;随着睡眠剥夺时间增加,睡眠剥夺的三组婴幼儿超过30 min才进入睡眠的例数明显少于对照组。四组婴幼儿镇静效果的组间比较差异具有统计学意义（P＜0.05）;与对照组相比,联合睡眠剥夺干预的三组婴幼儿镇静效果明显升高,镇静总有效率均高于对照组（P＜0.05）。在实验期间,四组婴幼儿均出现不同类型的不良反应,各类型不良反应发生率及总发生率的组间比较,差异均无统计学意义（P>0.05）,但长时段组出现情绪烦躁的比例略高。结论：睡眠剥夺配合改良式水合氯醛灌肠法对婴幼儿具有良好的镇静效果,但长时段睡眠剥夺可能会使其情绪烦躁,需在检查完成后悉心安抚婴幼儿情绪。     

850nm微激光美白效应的光谱法研究

850 nm微激光已被发现能够减少黑色素细胞内酪氨酸酶的表达,进而抑制黑色素的合成。在此基础上本文选用C57BL/6J小鼠为模型,采用拉曼光谱法和荧光光谱法初步研究了850 nm微激光的在体美白效应。黑色素含量丰富时,小鼠皮肤拉曼谱线中代表黑色素的信号(1 405 cm-1和1 609 cm-1)变得异常明显;而经过微激光的照射后这些拉曼信号明显减弱。在NIR光的激发下黑色素也能发出强烈的荧光,这种荧光信号也会因微激光的照射而减弱。通过计算相对的拉曼信号强度及荧光信号强度对850 nm微激光的美白效应进行了定量分析。最后,采用常规的组织学检测(HE染色和Fontana-Masson染色)验证了光谱学检测手段的有效性。因此,光谱学技术可以作为一种简单有效的方法用于黑色素相关生理事件的实时检测。     

A new endemic focus of Gymnophalloides seoi infection on Aphae Island, Shinan-gun, Jeollanam-do

A new endemic focus of Gymnophalloides seoi infection has been discovered on Aphae Island (Shinangun, Jeollanam-do), Republic of Korea. This area, which is referred to as Bokyong-ri, is a small seashore village located in the northern portion of the island. Fecal samples were collected from a total of 57 residents and examined by the Kato-Katz and formalin-ether sedimentation techniques. Helminth eggs were detected in 37 samples (64.9%); 33 samples were positive for G. seoi eggs (57.9%), 4 for Pygidiopsis summa (7.0%), 13 for other heterophyids (22.8%), 1 for Clonorchis sinensis (1.7%), and 1 for Trichuris trichiura (1.7%). Women (70.4%) revealed higher rates of G. seoi infection than did men (46.7%), and individuals older than 50 years of age also evidenced higher rates of G. seoi infection than in other age groups (P < 0.05). In worm collection from 13 G. seoi egg positive cases, G. seoi (total 86,558 specimens), Heterophyes nocens (278), Stictodora sp. (10), Heterophyopsis continua (3), P. summa (3), and unidentified flukes (42) were collected. Oysters, the source of G. seoi infection, were collected from an area proximal to the village and 50 were examined for metacercariae; 47 (94%) were found infected and the observed metacercarial density was 9.5 +/- 8.9 per oyster. The results of this study indicate that Bokyong-ri is a new endemic area of G. seoi infection, with high rates of infection in humans and oysters.     

干休所健康体检人群糖尿病的发病率及相关危险因素分析

目的:探讨健康体检人群中糖尿病的发病率及相关危险因素,为糖尿病的预防提供参考。方法:对参加健康体检的500名离退休人员的空腹血糖(FPG)、餐后2 h血糖(OGTT 2 h)、收缩压(SBP)、舒张压(DBP)、体重指数(BMI)、总胆固醇(TC)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)、高密度胆固醇(HDL-C)及甘油三脂(TG)进行检测。应用logistic分析糖尿病发生的相关危险因素。结果:500名参加体检的患者中,确诊糖尿病167例,糖尿病的发病率为33.4%,其中男性88例,占52.7%;女性59例,占47.31%。糖尿病患者的SBP、DBP、BMI、TC、LDL-C、HDL-C及TG水平与健康人群呈显著差异,数据具有统计学意义(P0.05)。Logistic分析结果显示血压、血脂异常、体重指数与糖尿病的发生呈正相关(P0.05)。结论:离退休人员发生糖尿病的比例较高,且高血压、高血脂、超重或肥胖等是糖尿病发生的危险因素,应引起临床的重视。     

Short term response is predictive of long term response to acetylcholinesterase inhibitors in Alzheimer’s disease: A starting point to explore Bayesian approximation in clinical practice

This study was aimed at identifying, in 203 patients with Alzheimer''s disease followed during long-term treatment with Acetylcholinesterase inhibitors (ChEIs), the predictive factors of the clinical response among cognition (MMSE), functioning (BADL and IADL) measures and age and gender at the baseline (T0). The ANCOVA test showed a significant association between MMSE scores at time T0 and T3, and the variation T9 to T0, T15 to T0 and T21 to T0 of the MMSE scores, using also gender, age and drug as covariates. The significance was higher for the patients affected by mild dementia. Regarding functional activities, a significant relationship was detected, by the ANCOVA test, only between the scores at T3 and the variation T15 to T0 for BADL, and the variation T9 to T0, T15 to T0 for IADL, respectively. Our results confirm, in a real world setting, that ChEIs provide long-term cognitive benefit, which is correlated to, and predictable by, the short-term response (within the third month) as well as the cognitive status (evaluated by means of the MMSE) at the beginning of the treatment. These factors should be the basis of any cost/effectiveness algorithm in health economic decision models.     

少数民族班级兽医微生物学实验课教学内容及考核方式改革

兽医微生物学是动物医学专业的专业基础课,实验课是本课程重要的组成部分,对达成课程目标及后续课程的学习均具有重要的意义。为解决兽医微生物学实验课教学中主要存在的“痛点”问题,有效提高少数民族学生实验水平。通过合理编排实验内容、采用“竞赛式”考核方式将405名少数民族学生随机分为实验组和对照组,分别采用改革后的教学模式与传统教学模式进行授课。通过对比分析两组学生的考试成绩及调查问卷得知：实验组学生的考试成绩、实验操作能力、创新能力、资料处理及分析问题的能力较对照组学生均有显著的提高,表明教学改革取得了良好的效果。