戊型肝炎病毒中国XT—179株全基因组Cdna克隆及其核苷酸和氨基酸序列分析

本文报道对中国新疆东部一起戊型肝炎流行高峰期间,由ＨＥ患者烘便中分离到的型肝炎病毒中国ＸＴ－１７９株进行全基因ｃＤＮＡ克隆、核苷酸和氨基酸序列测定及分析结果。所阐明的ＨＥＶ－ＸＴ－１７９株基因组全序列由７１９４个核苷酸和３＇端的多聚腺嘌呤核苷酸尾组成。四种核苷酸的含量腺嘌呤（Ａ）为１７．０％,胞嘧啶（Ｃ）为３１．９％,鸟嘌呤（Ｇ）为２６．０,尿嘧啶（Ｕ）为２５．１％。Ｇ＋Ｃ含量为５７．９％。全基因     

骨缘当归的化学成分

骨缘当归Angellica cartilaginomarginata var.foliata Yuan et Shen,别名:山藁本、野芹菜（江苏）,仅分布于江苏和浙江。在江苏镇江等地用干燥全草作山藁本入药,其化学成分未见报道。 样品采自江苏省句容县。将干根磨粉,提取物经中性氧化铝层析,根据色谱及光谱鉴定为两种脂肪酸、四种已知香豆素和一种植物甾醇即:正葵酸（n-capric acid）、月桂酸（lauric acid）、骨缘当归素（cartilaginomarginadin）、蝉翼素（pteryxin）、白花前胡素F（praeruptorin F）、佛手柑内酯（bergapten）及β-谷甾醇（β-sitosterol）。     

Proteomics analysis of meclofenamic acid-treated small cell lung carcinoma cells revealed changes in cellular energy metabolism for cancer cell survival

Small cell lung carcinoma (SCLC) is a highly aggressive cancer with low survival rate. Although initial response to chemotherapy in SCLC patients is well-rated, the treatments applied after the disease relapses are not successful. Drug resistance is accepted to be one of the main reasons for this failure. Therefore, there is an urgent need for new treatment strategies for SCLC. Meclofenamic acid, a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug, has been shown to have anticancer effects on various types of cancers via different mechanisms. The aim of this study was to investigate the alterations that meclofenamic acid caused on a SCLC cell line, DMS114 using the tools of proteomics namely two-dimensional gel electrophoresis coupled to MALDI-TOF/TOF and nHPLC coupled to LC-MS/MS. Among the proteins identified by both methods, those showing significantly altered expression levels were evaluated using bioinformatics databases, PANTHER and STRING. The key altered metabolism upon meclofenamic acid treatment appeared to the cellular energy metabolism. Glycolysis was suppressed, whereas mitochondrial activity and oxidative phosphorylation were boosted. The cells underwent metabolic reprogramming to adapt into their new environment for survival. Metabolic reprogramming is known to cause drug resistance in several cancer types including SCLC. The identified differentially regulated proteins in here associated with energy metabolism hold value as the potential targets to overcome drug resistance in SCLC treatment.     

Identification of Products from Oxidation of Uric Acid Induced by Hydroxyl Radicals

The aim of the present study was to separate and characterise products formed by oxidation of uric acid by hydroxyl radicals with a view to probing for these products in vivo in clinical contexts. Aerated solutions of 200 μM uric acid, or its oxidation products, allantoin or parabanic acid, were exposed to gamma radiolysis, (52.0 Gy/min), as a source of HO- radicals, at pH 3.4 and 7.4. Aliquots were taken every 5 minutes for 20 minutes and oxidation products were separated by HPLC and analysed with a diode array detector. Identities of oxidation products were confirmed on the basis of similarity of retention times and absorbance spectra and peak purity parameters of known standards. Hydroperoxides were measured by tri-iodide formation in the 20 minute sample. Exposure of uric acid to such HO fluxes produced a net loss of the parent compound with formation of a complex mixture of products with allantoin and parabanic acid being the predominant products at pH 3.4. The rate of uric acid degradation at physiological pH was slower and the distribution of oxidation products was different. A small but significant amount of uric acid hydroperoxide was detected at both pHs. A mechanism for uric acid oxidation under these conditions is presented.     

Trace amines and Tourette's syndrome

There has been considerable interest in recent years in possible neurochemical abnormalities in Tourette's Syndrome (TS). In studies combining neuropsychological and neurochemical measurements, we have investigated the possible roles of trace amines in this disorder. Urinary levels of free -phenylethylamine (PEA) and plasma levels of its precursor amino acid phenylalanine were decreased in TS patients when compared to values in normal children. These urinary PEA levels in TS patients were inversely related to several scores from the Tourette's Syndrome Global Scale (TSGS). Further investigation of the group of subjects with low urinary PEA indicated that they also had low levels of MHPG, normetanephrine, 5-HT andm- andp-tyramine. Patients with low PEA were also compared on an extensive battery of neuropsychological measures and observed to perform significantly worse than TS patients with normal urinary PEA levels. Biochemical measurements also suggest a possible abnormality in tryptamine turnover in TS since urinary levels of indole-3-acetic acid (IAA; the acid metabolite of tryptamine) are significantly lower in TS patients than in normal controls.     

Interactions between interferon γ and retinoic acid with transforming growth factor β in the induction of immune recognition molecules

The cell-surface expression of major histocompatibility (MHC) antigens and the adhesion molecule intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1) is essential for target cell recognition by T lymphocytes. The expression of both classes of molecule is induced by various cytokines, notably interferon (IFN). Since transforming growth factor (TGF) has been recently reported to antagonise HLA-DR induction by IFN we have examined, using a number of murine and human cell lines, the effect of TGF on IFN-induced MHC class I and class II and ICAM-1 expression. All of the cell lines tested expressed elevated class I MHC following IFN treatment. Class II MHC induction was seen on most but not all of the cells, the exceptions being among a panel of human colorectal carcinoma cell lines. A striking difference between cells of different origin was noted in the response to TGF. TGF was found to antagonise IFN-induced class I and class II MHC expression on C3H 10T1/2 murine fibroblasts, early-passage BALB/c mouse embryo fibroblasts, a murine oligodendroglioma cell line, and on MRC5 human fibroblasts and two human glioblastoma cell lines. Class II MHC was much more strongly inhibited (sometimes completely) than class I MHC. TGF also inhibited induction of class I MHC expression by IFN. However, TGF did not inhibit class I or class II MHC induction by IFN in any of the nine colorectal carcinoma cell lines, although two of five of the lines tested were growth-inhibited by TGF. On the other hand, human ICAM-1 induction by IFN was not affected by simultaneous treatment with TGF in any of the cell lines. The down-regulation of IFN-induced MHC antigens by TGF is not, therefore, the result of a general antagonism of IFN. Retinoic acid has recently been reported to induce ICAM-1 expression on human tumour cells. We have confirmed this observation on MRC5, and the two human glioblastoma cell lines, however six colorectal carcinoma cell lines tested did not respond. In contrast to IFN-induced ICAM-1 expression, retinoic-acid-induced ICAM-1 expression was inhibited by TGF on two of the three responsive lines.     

大鼠脚内核的镇痛作用

本实验应用核团内微量注射L谷氨酸,利多卡因,bieuculline,GABA以及用辐射热甩尾法测痛等手段观察脚内核的镇痛作用,向双侧脚内核注射25 100nmol的L谷氨酸可引起大鼠痛阈升高,这个作用可为缰核内注射2 利多卡因0.5mol或0.2 bieuculline0.5mol所阻断,反之,向缰核内注射200nmolGABA可引起大鼠痛阈升高,上述实验表明,参与痛觉调制,脚内核缰核的GABA能纤维参与了脚内核的痛觉调制活动。     

Subgrouping of bacterial populations by cellular fatty acid composition

Abstract The cellular fatty acid composition of six bacterial species isolated from the seeds and leaves of sugar beet ( Beta vulgaris ) and from soil were analysed. The quantitative data from the fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) profiles were highly reproducible. Numerical analysis of Xanthomonas maltophilia . FAME profiles sub-grouped strains according to when they were isolated in the growing season. The analytical method used was sensitive enough to differentiate strains of Klebsiella terrigena isolated from either soil or leaves. The results from this study confirm reports that analyses of bacterial FAME composition were rapid to perform, specific and allowed differentiation of strains within the same species.     

枯草芽孢杆菌聚谷氨酸合成途径相关基因功能研究

聚谷氨酸(polyglutamic acid, PGA)作为一种天然多功能的聚合物,近年来成为研究的热点。由于很难通过化学方法合成,微生物发酵是目前生产聚谷氨酸的有效途径。【目的】从基因水平探究枯草芽孢杆菌聚谷氨酸合成途径中degS、degQ、degU、swrA、rocA、putM基因的功能,通过分子改造实现对代谢途径的调控。【方法】以枯草芽孢杆菌为出发菌株,通过对代谢途径中相关基因进行敲除或过表达,分别构建degS、degQ和degU基因缺失的重组菌,swrA、rocA和putM基因过表达的重组菌,借助菌株胞外聚谷氨酸积累的变化分析影响途径的关键节点。【结果】在摇瓶发酵条件下,重组菌Bacillus subtilis 168-swrA、Bacillus subtilis 168-rocA、Bacillus subtilis 168-putM的胞外聚谷氨酸含量分别是原始菌株的1.28倍、1.47倍和1.37倍。重组菌Bacillus subtilis 168-ΔdegS、Bacillus subtilis 168-ΔdegQ、Bacillus subtilis 168-ΔdegU的胞外...