Segmented assimilation and socio-economic integration of Chinese immigrant children in the USA

Research on the new second generation has paid much attention to testing one of the hypotheses posed by segmented assimilation theory – downward assimilation into America's underclass – and has neglected to examine other possible outcomes. In this paper, I address a much understudied pathway – assimilation by way of the ethnic community – based on a case study of Chinese immigrant children in the USA. I show that the children of Chinese immigrants have made inroads into mainstream America through educational achievement, not only because of the strong value their parents put on education but also because resources generated in the ethnic community help actualize that value. The Chinese American experience suggests that, in order to advance to the rank of middle-class Americans, immigrant parents have chosen the ethnic way to facilitate children's social mobility and achieved success. Paradoxically, ‘assimilated’ children have also relied on ethnicity for empowerment to fight negative stereotyping of the racialized other.     

Racial/ethnic disparities in human DNA methylation

The racial/ethnic disparities in DNA methylation patterns indicate that molecular markers may play a role in determining the individual susceptibility to diseases in different ethnic groups. Racial disparities in DNA methylation patterns have been identified in prostate cancer, breast cancer and colorectal cancer and are related to racial differences in cancer prognosis and survival.     

中国鄂温克、鄂伦春、达斡尔族永生细胞系的建立与保存

本采用ＥＢＶ（Ｅｐｓｔｅｉｎ－Ｂａｒｒ Ｖｉｒｕｓ）上清液转化Ｂ淋巴细胞,并加入环胞霉素Ａ（Ｃｙｃｌｏｓｐｏｒｉｎｅ Ａ）抑制Ｔ淋巴细胞,成功地对中国东北地区鄂温克族、鄂伦春族及达斡尔族的部分个体建立了永生细胞系,其中鄂温克族４９株,鄂伦春族４０株,达斡尔族５１例,总计１４０株。永久保存我国特有民族的基因组,为分析其遗传学差异奠定了基础。     

辣椒拟种群对模拟昆虫捕食行为的反应

基于拟种群理论,运用方差分析法、主分量分析法及植物生长分析法,研究7月高温期辣椒拟种群不同程度的剪叶对模拟短期虫害的反应.结果表明,辣椒具有较强的补偿能力;老叶的数量、干重和叶面积随剪叶程度的增加而下降,新叶则相反,但总叶数量相近;总叶面积和干重受老叶影响大,差异显著;枝的数量、干重、长度差异不显著;果、花、花蕾的数量差异也不显著,但干重差异显著;用数量指标代替干重、叶面积和长度等指标来进行植物的生长分析,仅对组元个体间干重极差小的拟种群适用;高温期一定程度的虫害对辣椒生长和果实产量的提高有益.     

“双一流”建设背景下民族院校微生物学课程教学改革与实践

针对民族院校不同专业学生对微生物学知识的需要,我们在教学内容、教学方式、教学资源等方面进行改革和实践,建立了系统性、针对性、前沿性和实效性相结合的"四性"教学内容,创立了理论与实践相结合、课内与课外相结合、教学与科研相结合的"三结合"教学方式,构建了"以学生为中心"的自主学习网络平台,加强学生创新能力培养,提高了教学质量。     

贵州三都水族Y染色体单倍型频率分析

在92例贵州三都水族个体中,用PCR-RFLP法研究由11个单核苷酸多态位点(SNPs)组成的Y染色体单倍型频率分布,结果显示该人群的Y染色体主要为南方特异的H11和H9单倍型,两者频率高达90.22％。主成分分析结果显示其父系遗传结构与我国黎族、布依族等汉藏语系壮侗语族民族最为接近。通过Y染色体的遗传学观察与历史记载和语言学分类有较好一致性。 Abstract:Non-recombination region of Y-chromosome is a useful marker in tracing evolutionary history of paternal lineage.In the present study,total 92 individuals from Shui ethnic group in Sandu Shui Ethnic Group Autonomous County of Guizhou Province were inspected with 11 SNP sites including M7,M9,M15,M45,M89,M95,M119,M122,M130,M134 and YAP on Y-chromosome.All the subjects were required to be unrelated and without intermarriage with other ethnic groups within three generations.The haplotypes were analyzed by PCR-RFLP method.Four haplotypes H5,H8,H9 and H11 were detected with frequencies of 0.054,0.044,0.315 and 0.587,respectively.Principle component indicated that the paternal lineage of Shui ethnic group is much closer to Li ethnic group of Hainan Province and Bouyei ethnic group of Guizhou Province,which belong to the group of Zhuang-Dong branch of Sino-Tibetan language family.In addition genetic study of Shui coincides with its linguistic distribution.     

侗族新生儿的~Gγ/~Aγ值及一例高~Gγ者的γ基因图谱分析

用聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳法测定了广西和湖南省侗族居住区的120例侗族新生儿脐血胎儿血红蛋白中B.subtilis与~Ar比值(~Gr/~Ar值)。显示出119例新生儿的~Gr值(％~Gr)在56—76％之间,均值与标准差为69.4±3.1％;一例新生儿~Gr值高达81.4％,基因图谱分析确定其基因型为~Gr-~(AG)r-~Ar/~Gr-~Ar。     

A comparison of major histocompatibility complex SNPs in Han Chinese residing in Taiwan and Caucasians

Summary Genetic dissection of complex diseases is both important and challenging. The human major histocompatibility complex is involved in many human diseases and genetic mechanisms. This highly polymorphic chromosome region has been extensively studied in Caucasians but not as well in Asians. Thus, we compared genotypic distributions, linkage disequilibria and haplotype blocks between Caucasian and Taiwan’s Han Chinese populations. Moreover, we investigated the population admixture and phylogenetic system in Han Chinese residing in Taiwan. The results show that Taiwan’s Han Chinese differ drastically in genotypic information compared with Caucasians but are relatively homogeneous among the three major ethnic subgroups, Minnan, Hakka and Mainlanders. Differences in allele frequency (AF) between Taiwanese and Caucasians in some disease-associated loci may reveal clues to differences in disease prevalence. The results of ethnic heterogeneity imply that public databases should be used with caution in cases where the study population(s) differs from the population characterized in the database. The high homogeneity we observed among the Taiwanese subpopulations mitigates the possibility of spurious association caused by ignoring population stratification in Taiwanese disease gene association studies. These results are useful for understanding our genetic background and designing future disease gene mapping studies.Electronic Supplementary Material Supplementary material is available for this article at and is accessible for authorized users.     

Sex-specific differences in nutrient regulation in a capital breeding caterpillar, Spodoptera litura (Fabricius)

Nutrient requirements by male and female insects are likely to differ, but relatively little is known regarding how sexes differ in their regulation of macronutrient acquisition. The present study reports the results from a laboratory experiment in which behavioural and physiological components of nutrient regulation were compared between male and female caterpillars of Spodoptera litura (Fabricius). When provided with choices between two nutritionally complementary foods (one is a protein-biased diet and the other a carbohydrate-biased diet), both males and females adjusted their food selection to defend an intake target. However, the composition of diet preferred by the two differed, with females selecting significantly more protein than males with no difference in carbohydrate intake between the two. When confined to single diets with varying mixtures of protein and carbohydrate [P:C ratios, expressed as the percentage of diet by dry mass: protein 42%:carbohydrate 0% (p42:c0), p35:c7, p28:c14, p21:c21, p14:c28, p7:c35], females consumed more macronutrients than did males across on all P:C diets except the extremely carbohydrate-biased diet (p7:c35). Under both choice and no-choice feeding condition, such sex differences in nutrient intake were not expressed until late in the feeding stage of the final stadium. Sexes also differed in post-ingestive utilization of ingested nutrients. Females utilized ingested protein for body growth with greater efficiency compared to males, presumably reflecting provisioning their adult needs for protein to develop eggs, whereas males were more efficient at depositing lipids from carbohydrate intake than females.     

云南澜沧拉祜族HLA-DRB1基因多态性研究

采用我们改进的高分辨率基于内含子的PCR-SBT分型方法,首次检测云南拉祜族HLA-DRB1基因多态性。在55例拉祜族个体中共检出16种HLA-DRB1等位基因,最常见的DRB1等位基因是HLA-DRB1*12021、09012、15011,基因频率分别为30.909%、15.455%、13.636%,共占拉祜族可检出等位基因的60%,其中DRB1*0413、11081、1312、1418、1504首次在我国人群中检出,并且在世界各地人群中也比较罕见。对拉祜族和世界各地人群的HLA-DRB1频率进行了比较,分析了HLA-DRB1等位基因在各人种中的分布特点,并用Neighbor-joining法进行了聚类分析。比较分析的结果显示拉祜族明显属于中国南方族群,未显示出其族源来自北方的痕迹。对此遗传数据和民族学、历史学研究的矛盾,做了初步的分析。 Abstract:The HLA-DRB1 gene polymorphism in Lahu ethnic of Yunnan,China was the first time investigated using high resolution PCR-SBT method,which is based on sequences of HLA-DRB1 Intron 1 and Intron 2 and with our improvement.From 55 individuals of Lahu ethnic 16 DRB1 alleles were detected.The three most common alleles were HLA-DRB1*12021(30.909%),09012(15.455%),15011(13.636%),and they covered 60% of the total alleles detected from Lahu ethnic.HLA-DRB1*1413,*11081,*1312,*1418,*1504 were the first time detected in the Chinese,and were very rare in worldwide ethnic groups.With comparison of HLA-DRB1 gene frequencies between various ethnic groups we analysized the characteristics of HLA-DRB1 gene distribution in worldwide populations,and constructed the phylogenetic tree by Neighbor-joining method and Nei measure of genetic distance.The result showed Lahu ethnic obviously belong to the Chinese South ethnic groups and can't trace its origin from northern groups with the HLA-DRB1 genetic data.The preliminary explanations about the contradiction were given in this paper.