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Obesity and its associated complications, which can lead to the development of metabolic syndrome, are a worldwide major public health concern especially in developed countries where they have a very high prevalence. RIP140 is a nuclear coregulator with a pivotal role in controlling lipid and glucose metabolism. Genetically manipulated mice devoid of RIP140 are lean with increased oxygen consumption and are resistant to high-fat diet-induced obesity and hepatic steatosis with improved insulin sensitivity. Moreover, white adipocytes with targeted disruption of RIP140 express genes characteristic of brown fat including CIDEA and UCP1 while skeletal muscles show a shift in fibre type composition enriched in more oxidative fibres. Thus, RIP140 is a potential therapeutic target in metabolic disorders. In this article we will review the role of RIP140 in tissues relevant to the appearance and progression of the metabolic syndrome and discuss how the manipulation of RIP140 levels or activity might represent a therapeutic approach to combat obesity and associated metabolic disorders. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Translating nuclear receptors from health to disease. 相似文献
93.
目的分析比格犬下丘脑-垂体-性腺轴,雌二醇β受体剪切异构体的存在情况。方法根据NCBI数据库上的比格犬雌二醇受体的基因序列,设计两对特异性引物,以比格犬的卵巢、子宫、下丘脑和垂体的总RNA为模板进行反转录,并利用两对特异性引物扩增比格犬雌二醇受体的基因,对其中的主要条带进行克隆测序。结果获得了比格犬雌二醇受体的全长cDNA序列,对主要条带进行克隆测序的结果表明,该序列是一种比格犬雌二醇受体的剪切异构体。结论比格犬雌二醇β受体剪切异构体与小鼠和人的组成有较大的不同,需要进一步系统研究。 相似文献
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Chemiluminescence (CL) detection for the determination of estrogen benzoate, using the reaction of tris(1,10–phenanthroline)ruthenium(II)–Na2SO3–permanganate, is described. This method is based on the CL reaction of estrogen benzoate (EB) with acidic potassium permanganate and tris(1,10–phenanthroline)ruthenium(II). The CL intensity is greatly enhanced when Na2SO3 is added. After optimization of the different experimental parameters, a calibration graph for estrogen benzoate is linear in the range 0.05–10 µg/mL. The 3 s limit of detection is 0.024 µg/mL and the relative standard deviation was 1.3% for 1.0 µg/mL estrogen benzoate (n = 11). This proposed method was successfully applied to commercial injection samples and emulsion cosmetics. The mechanism of CL reaction was also studied. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
96.
Protein Kinase C Activity is Necessary for Estrogen-Induced Erk Phosphorylation in Neocortical Explants 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Our laboratory showed previously that estrogen activates ERK in neocortical cultures. To further elucidate the precise signaling
sequelae that lead to estrogen-induced ERK activity, we evaluated the involvement of protein kinase C (PKC). We found that
neocortical explants expressed primarily PKC gamma and PKC epsilon. Consistent with the involvement of PKC in mediating estrogen-induced
ERK phosphorylation, we found that estrogen treatment induced translocation of these PKC isoforms to the plasma membrane.
Importantly, inhibition of these isoforms abolished the ability of estrogen to phosphorylate ERK. While direct activation
of PKC mimicked the effect of estrogen on ERK, both in pattern of activation and resulting intraneuronal distribution of ERK,
PKC-induced ERK phosphorylation required the activity of MEK but not B-Raf. Collectively, these data suggest a critical role
for PKC in mediating estrogen induction of ERK activation in the developing brain via a MEK-dependent but B-Raf-independent
pathway. 相似文献
97.
Discovery of estrogen receptors (ER) in the central nervous system and the ability of estrogens to modulate neural circuitry and act as neurotrophic factors, suggest a therapeutic role of this steroid. To gain better understanding of the specificity and cellular mechanisms involved in estrogen-mediated neuroprotection, a mouse hippocampal neuronal cell line (HT22) was evaluated. Earlier reports indicated this cell line was devoid of ERs. Contrary to these findings, characterization of HT22 cells using RT-PCR, immunoblot, immunocytochemical, and radioligand binding techniques revealed endogenous expression of ER. The predominant subtype appeared to be ERalpha with functional activity confirmed using an ERE-tk-luciferase assay. The ability of an ER antagonist, ICI-182780, to block the neuroprotective effects of estrogens confirmed ER was involved mechanistically in neuroprotection. In conclusion, HT22 cells express functional ERalpha or a closely related ER enabling this cell line to be used to profile estrogens for neuroprotective properties acting via an ER-dependent mechanism. 相似文献
98.
Excessive activation of the hormone signaling pathways is implicated in several disorders of the target tissues, with cancer being one of the most serious fallouts. Steroid hormone receptors are key proteins through which steroid hormones convey their signals to the cells. Deregulated activity of the hormone receptors due to their altered activation; stability or sub-cellular localization is heavily implicated in the onset and progress of cancers. The role played by estrogen and its receptors in breast cancer remains the most thoroughly investigated steroid-dependent cancer system till date. Choosing it as an example, we have summarized the molecular mechanisms underlying the action of the estrogen receptors (ERs) in manifesting the effects of the estrogens in the cells. A special emphasis is placed on the molecular mechanism of their functionality, role of the coactivator proteins, and the reasons for the deregulated signaling. The therapeutic approaches resulting from the mechanistic study of the ER action and their efficacies are also discussed. 相似文献
99.
Gu G Hentunen TA Nars M Härkönen PL Väänänen HK 《Apoptosis : an international journal on programmed cell death》2005,10(3):583-595
Glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis may be at least in part due to the increased apoptosis of osteocytes. To study the role of osteocyte apoptosis in glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis, we isolated primary osteocytes from murine calvaria for the analysis of the effects of dexamethasone in in vitro culture. The cells were identified by morphology, cytochemical staining, immunocytochemical staining and mRNA expression of phosphate-regulating gene with homology to endopeptidases on the X chromosome (PHEX) and sclerosteosis/van Buchem disease gene (SOST). We found that dexamethasone induced osteocyte apoptosis in a dose-dependent manner. A glucocorticoid receptor antagonist, mifepristone (RU486), suppressed dexamethasone-induced osteocyte apoptosis, suggesting that it was mediated by glucocorticoid receptor. Immunocytochemical stainings showed that glucocorticoid receptors are present in primary osteocytes, and they were translocated to nuclei after the exposure to dexamethasone. Addition of estrogen prevented glucocorticoid receptor translocation into nuclei. Corresponding antiapoptotic effects in primary osteocytes were also seen after the pretreatment of primary osteocytes with a picomolar concentration of estrogen. The pure antiestrogen ICI 182,780 inhibited estrogen effect on apoptosis induced by dexamethasone. These data suggest that glucocorticoid receptors play an important role in glucocorticoid-induced osteocyte apoptosis. Most importantly, estrogen has a protective effect {against osteocyte}{ }{apoptosis}. To conclude, the mechanism of glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis may be due to the apoptosis of osteocytes, which can be opposed by estrogen. 相似文献
100.