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81.
G. Šiffelová M. Pavelková A. Klabouchová I. Wiesner V. Našinec I. Našinec 《Biologia Plantarum》1997,40(2):183-192
We tested the application of RAPD technology for identification of hybrid genomes originated from a maternal clone of Lolium
perenne L. (2n = 2x = 14) bearing cytoplasmic male sterility, which was pollinated separately by five clones of Festuca arundinacea
Schreb. cv. Barocco (2n = 6x = 42). Six classes of RAPD markers were recognized, specific to: 1) Festuca genome and inherited
into F1 hybrid genomes, 2) Lolium genome inherited into F1 hybrid genomes, 3) Lolium-specific bands not found in F1 progeny,
4) Festuca-specific bands not found in F1 progeny, 5) new bands found only in F1 hybrid profiles, 6) bands common to all parental
and F1 hybrid genotypes. RAPD data were shown to have full potential a) to serve as an unequivocal proof of genome recombination
in perennial ryegrass × tall fescue hybrids, b) to identify hybrid genomes, c) to reveal phenetic relationships of the accessions
from crossing families, d) to enhance, by fingerprinting, the selection of superior hybrid material for further breeding.
RAPD data were found to be consistent with the festucoid phenotype of F1 hybrids.
This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
82.
Maureen P. Martin Anita Harding Robert Chadwick Mel Kronick Michael Cullen Ling Lin Emmanuel Mignot M. Carrington 《Immunogenetics》1997,47(2):131-138
The human genome contains a large number of interspersed microsatellite repeats which exhibit a high degree of polymorphism
and are inherited in a Mendelian fashion, making them extremely useful genetic markers. Several microsatellites have been
described in the HLA region, but allele nomenclature, a set of broadly distributed controls, and typing methods have not been standardized, which
has resulted in discrepant microsatellite data between laboratories. In this report we present a detailed protocol for genotyping
microsatellites using a semi-automated fluorescence-based method. Twelve microsatellites within or near the major histocompatibility
complex (MHC) were typed in the 10th International Histocompatibility Workshop homozygous typing cell lines (HTCs) and alleles
were designated based on size. All loci were sequenced in two HTCs providing some information on the level of complexity of
the repeat sequence. A comparison of allele size obtained by genotyping versus that obtained by direct sequencing showed minor
discrepancies in some cases, but these were not unexpected given the technical differences in the methodologies. Fluorescence-based
typing of microsatellites in the MHC described herein is highly efficient, accurate, and reproducible, and will allow comparison
of results between laboratories.
Received: 10 May 1997 / Revised: 1 August 1997 相似文献
83.
84.
Phylogenetics of family Enterobacteriaceae and proposal to reclassify Escherichia hermannii and Salmonella subterranea as Atlantibacter hermannii and Atlantibacter subterranea gen. nov., comb. nov.
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Hiroyuki Hata Tatsuya Natori Takuya Mizuno Izumi Kanazawa Ibrahim Eldesouky Masahiro Hayashi Machiko Miyata Hajime Fukunaga Shoko Ohji Akira Hosoyama Eiji Aono Atsushi Yamazoe Keiko Tsuchikane Nobuyuki Fujita Takayuki Ezaki 《Microbiology and immunology》2016,60(5):303-311
Multilocus sequence analysis based on hypervariable housekeeping proteins was utilized to differentiate closely related species in the family Enterobacteriaceae. Of 150 housekeeping proteins, the top 10 hypervariable proteins were selected and concatenated to obtain distance data. Distances between concatenated proteins within the family were 0.9–41.2%, whereas the 16S rRNA and atpD‐gyrB‐infB‐rpoB concatenated sequence (4MLSA) distances were 0.8–6.0% and 0.9–22.1%, respectively. These data indicate that phylogenetic analysis by concatenation of hypervariable proteins is a powerful tool for discriminating species in the family Enterobacteriaceae. To confirm the discriminatory power of the 10 chosen concatenated hypervariable proteins (C10HKP), phylogenetic trees based on C10HKP, 4MLSA, and the 16S rRNA gene were constructed. Comparison of average bootstrap values among C10HKP, 4MLSA and 16S rRNA genes indicated that the C10HKP tree was the most reliable. Location via the C10HKP tree was consistent with existing assignments for almost all species in the family Enterobacteriaceae. However, the C10HKP tree suggested that several species (including Enterobacter massiliensis, Escherichia vulneris, Escherichia hermannii, and Salmonella subterranea) should be reassigned to different clusters than those defined in previous analyses. Furthermore, E. hermannii and S. subterranea appeared to fall onto a branch independent from those occupied by the other Enterobacteriaceae. Therefore, we propose Atlantibacter gen. nov., such that E. hermannii and S. subterranea would be transferred to genus Atlantibacter as Atlantibacter hermannii, comb. nov. and Atlantibacter subterranea. comb. nov., respectively. 相似文献
85.
Variation and association of fibronectin‐binding protein genes fnbA and fnbB in Staphylococcus aureus Japanese isolates
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Miyo Murai Hideaki Moriyama Eiji Hata Junko Amemura‐Maekawa 《Microbiology and immunology》2016,60(5):312-325
Fibronectin‐binding proteins A and B (FnBPA and FnBPB) mediate adhesion of Staphylococcus aureus to fibrinogen, elastin and fibronectin. FnBPA and FnBPB are encoded by two closely linked genes, fnbA and fnbB, respectively. With the exception of the N‐terminal regions, the amino acid sequences of FnBPA and FnBPB are highly conserved. To investigate the genetics and evolution of fnbA and fnbB, the most variable regions, which code for the 67th amino acids of the A through B regions (A67–B) of fnbA and fnbB, were focused upon. Eighty isolates of S. aureus in Japan were sequenced and 19 and 18 types in fnbA and fnbB, respectively, identified. Although the phylogeny of fnbA and fnbB were found to be quite different, each fnbA type connected with a specific fnbB type, indicating that fnbA and fnbB mutate independently, whereas the combination of both genes after recombination is stable. Hence those fnbA–fnbB combinations were defined as FnBP sequence types (FnSTs). Representative isolates of each FnST were assigned distinct STs by multilocus sequence typing, suggesting correspondence of FnST with genome lineage. Linkage disequilibrium (LD) analysis of the A67–B region revealed that subdomains N2, N3 and FnBR1 form a LD block in fnbA, whereas N2 and N3 form two independent LD blocks in fnbB. N2–N3 three‐dimensional structural models indicated that not only the variable amino acid residues, but also well‐conserved amino acid residues between FnBPA and FnBPB, are located on the surface of the protein. These results highlight a molecular process of the FnBP that has evolved by mingled mutation and recombination with retention of functions. 相似文献
86.
Joana G. C. Rodrigues Harisree P. Nair Christopher O'Kane Caray A. Walker 《Ecology and evolution》2021,11(20):14303
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) has been detected in the microbiota of wildlife, yet little is known about the origin and impact within the ecosystem. Due to the shortage of nonepizootic surveillance, there is limited understanding of the natural prevalence and circulation of AMR bacteria in the wild animal population, including avian species. In this surveillance study, feces from wild birds in proximity to the River Cam, Cambridge, England, were collected and Pseudomonas spp. were isolated. Of the 115 samples collected, 24 (20.9%; 95% CI, 12.6%‒29.2%) harbored Pseudomonas spp. of which 18 (75%; 95% CI, 58%‒92%) had a multiple antibiotic resistance (MAR) index greater than 0.2. No Pseudomonas spp. isolate in this study was pansusceptible. Resistance was found among the 24 isolates against ciprofloxacin (87.5%; 95% CI, 74.3%‒100%) and cefepime (83.3%; 95% CI, 68.4%‒98.2%), both of which are extensively used to treat opportunistic Pseudomonas spp. infections. The prevalence of Pseudomonas spp. in the wild bird feces sampled during this study is greater than previous, similar studies. Additionally, their multidrug resistance profile provides insight into the potential risk for ecosystem contamination. It further highlights the importance of a One Health approach, including ongoing surveillance efforts that help to develop the understanding of how wildlife, including avifauna, may contribute and disperse AMR across the ecosystem. 相似文献
87.
沪191麻疹疫苗免疫持久性和影响因素的评价 总被引:11,自引:0,他引:11
1991~1998年,我们对荆州区川店镇503名6~15月龄儿童进行了现行沪191麻疹疫苗血清流行病学效果观察,结果表明,初次免疫后1个月麻疹IgG抗体阳转率为9165%,GMT为1∶26674,达保护滴度者比例为465%。随着时间的推移,第4年上述指标迅速下降到4686%、1∶1274和185%,第6年时低至2943%、1∶489和136%。02ml、03ml和05ml麻疹疫苗组的近期和远期效果是类似的,初免后1个月时IgG滴度越高,其免疫持久性越好;初免月龄是影响麻苗免疫效果的主要原因,6月龄初免组的免疫效果明显低于≥8月龄组。结果提示麻苗8月龄初免是可行的。 相似文献
88.
Francesco Paolocci rea Rubini Bruno Granetti Sergio Arcioni 《FEMS microbiology letters》1997,153(2):255-260
Morphologically similar species such as Chinese black truffles and Tuber melanosporum were typed by restriction length polymorphism of internal transcribed spacers. This analysis together with sequence comparison revealed the presence of high genetic variability among fruit bodies collected in China. Selection of primer pairs allowed the internal transcribed spacer region of both Chinese truffles and T. melanosporum to be specifically amplified. 相似文献
89.
目的:本研究旨在分析总结癌-睾丸抗原TFDP3在乳腺癌中的表达规律,探究TFDP3表达与乳腺癌分型及发病进程关系。方法:通过对不同分型及分期的乳腺癌组织切片进行免疫组化检测,分析TFDP3在其中的表达情况,并结合样本来源患者的临床信息,对TFDP3的表达与乳腺癌分子分型、分期及预后的相关性进行统计分析。同时,通过Western Blot检测了5种乳腺癌细胞系(MDA-MB-231、MCF-7、SK-BR-3、T47D及MCF-10A)中TFDP3的表达情况,并通过细胞免疫荧光实验,检测TFDP3在细胞中的定位。结果:TFDP3在已检测的乳腺癌样本中的表达率为49%。乳腺癌临床分子分型标记物HER2的表达与TFDP3的表达呈正相关,但乳腺癌的分期、临床病理分型以及临床分子分型标记物ER、PR的表达均与肿瘤组织中TFDP3的表达无相关性。结论:TFDP3在各在乳腺癌组织中高表达,其表达量与HER2的表达量呈正性相关。这为研究已TFDP3为靶点的乳腺癌免疫治疗,提供了新的依据。 相似文献
90.
Yao Ma Wan‐Jun Chen Zhao‐Hui Li Feng Zhang Yan Gao Yun‐Xia Luan 《Ecology and evolution》2017,7(7):2009-2017
The endosymbiont Wolbachia has been detected in a few parthenogenetic collembolans sampled in Europe and America, including three species of Poduromorpha, two species of Entomobryomorpha, and two species of Neelipleona. Based on 16S rRNA and ftsZ gene sequences, most of the Wolbachia infecting parthenogenetic collembolans were characterized as members of supergroup E and showed concordant phylogeny with their hosts. However, the two neelipleonan symbionts form another unique group, indicating that Wolbachia has infected parthenogenetic collembolans multiple times. In this study, five parthenogenetic collembolan species were identified as hosts of Wolbachia, and four new Wolbachia strains were reported for four collembolan species sampled in China, respectively, including a neelipleonan strain from Megalothorax incertus (wMinc). Our results demonstrated that the Wolbachia multilocus sequence typing (MLST) system is superior to the 16S rRNA + ftsZ approach for phylogenetic analyses of collembolan Wolbachia. The MLST system assigned these Wolbachia of parthenogenetic collembolans to supergroup E as a unique clade, which included wMinc, supporting the monophyletic origin of Wolbachia in parthenogenetic collembolan species. Moreover, our data suggested supergroup E as one of the most divergent lineages in Wolbachia and revealed the discrepancy between the phylogenies of Wolbachia from parthenogenetic collembolans and their hosts, which may result from the high level of genetic divergence between collembolan Wolbachia, in association with the geographic differentiation of their hosts, or the possible horizontal transmission of Wolbachia between different collembolan species. 相似文献