家蝇抗菌肽Defensin基因在COS-7细胞中的瞬时表达

目的:研究家蝇抗菌肽Defensin cDNA在非洲绿猴肾细胞株COS-7中的表达情况,并对表达产物的抗菌作用进行初步检测。方法:以Defensin基因为模板设计特异性引物,扩增在C端含6×His标签的Defensin开放阅读框序列,将此序列与真核表达载体pcDNA3.1( )进行重组,构建重组质粒pcDNA3.1( )/Defensin-His 6。以阳离子脂质体LipofectamineTM2000为载体,对宿主细胞COS-7进行重组质粒pcDNA3.1( )/Defensin-His 6和空载体pcDNA3.1( )的转染,72h后收集细胞培养上清液,表达产物经His-Trap HP亲合层析柱分离纯化和Western blotting鉴定后,进行杀菌活性的初步检测。结果:重组质粒pcDNA3.1( )/Defensin-His 6组细胞培养上清液的纯化物,行Western blotting得到了分子量大小约为10.0kD的单一目的条带,与预期相符;杀菌活性试验中发现:该纯化物对大肠杆菌E.coliK12D31具有一定的杀菌活性。结论:家蝇抗菌肽Defensin基因在宿主细胞COS-7中得到了正确表达。     

Discovery and characterization of Coturnix chinensis avian β‐defensin 10, with broad antibacterial activity

A novel avian β‐defensin (AvBD), AvBD10, was discovered in the liver and bone marrow tissues from Chinese painted quail (Coturnix chinensis) in the present study. The complete nucleotide sequence of quail AvBD10 contains a 207‐bp open reading frame that encodes 68 amino acids. The quail AvBD10 was expressed widely in all the tissues from quails except the tongue, crop, breast muscle, and thymus and was highly expressed in the bone marrow. In contrast to the expression pattern of AvBD10 in tissues from quail, the chicken AvBD10 was expressed in all 21 tissues from the layer hens investigated, with a high level of expression in the kidney, lung, liver, bone marrow, and Harderian glands. Recombinant glutathione S‐transferase (GST)‐tagged AvBD10s of both quail and chicken were produced and purified by expression of the two cDNAs in Escherichia coli, respectively. In addition, peptide according to the respective AvBD10s sequence was synthesized, named synthetic AvBD10s. As expected, both recombinant GST‐tagged AvBD10s and synthetic AvBD10s of quail and chicken exhibited similar bactericidal properties against most bacteria, including Gram‐positive and Gram‐negative forms. However, no significant bactericidal activity was found for quail recombinant GST‐tagged AvBD10 against Salmonella choleraesuis or for chicken recombinant GST‐tagged AvBD10 against Proteus mirabilis. Copyright © 2012 European Peptide Society and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

家蝇抗菌肽Defensin基因同向串联表达载体的构建和鉴定

目的:构建家蝇抗菌肽Defensin基因多拷贝串联体,并克隆到甲醇酵母分泌表达载体pPIC9K上。方法:PCR法扩增家蝇抗菌肽Defensin基因成熟肽片断,目的片断的上游5′端带有EcoRⅠ和NheⅠ位点,下游5′端带有NotⅠ和XbaⅠ位点,目的片断首先克隆入pMD18-T载体,利用pMD18-T载体的NdeⅠ位点和目的片断上的一对同尾酶(NheⅠ和XbaⅠ),多次酶切连接,串联成多拷贝的Defensin成熟肽基因,再用EcoRⅠ和NotⅠ双酶切,最后克隆入甲醇酵母分泌表达载体pPIC9K。结果:PCR鉴定、酶切鉴定和DNA测序证明多拷贝基因重组质粒构建成功。结论:该方法能方便高效地获得所需的多拷贝基因,为进一步进行高效表达打下基础。     

人α防御素5在大肠杆菌中的可溶性表达与纯化研究

采用PCR扩增大肠杆菌偏好的人α防御素5成熟肽(mHD-5)密码子序列, 并将其克隆至pMAL-p2x质粒, 构建pMAL-p2x-mHD-5表达载体, 转化大肠杆菌BL21(DE3), 诱导表达, SDS-PAGE分析目的蛋白表达量并优化表达条件。经亲和层析、酶切和离子交换层析等方法分离、纯化重组mHD-5(rmHD-5)多肽。采用浊度法测定rmHD-5对细菌的抑制活性。通过优化表达条件, 获得约30%的可溶性目的蛋白表达量, 并成功纯化rmHD-5。rmHD-5对大肠杆菌标准菌株(ATCC25922)具有较强的抑制活性, 在终浓度为62.5mg/mL时, 90%以上的细胞被抑制。结果表明采用可溶性融合表达策略, 在原核表达系统中诱导表达并纯化具有生物活性的防御素是可行的途径之一。     

小麦中外源基因瞬间表达调控研究及兔防御素（NP—1）基因的转化

将不同５上游调控序列驱动下的ＧＵＳ基因用基因枪法导入小麦幼胚和胚性愈伤组织,通过组织化学分析法和荧光分析法对ＧＵＳ基因的表达进行定量检测,比较了几种烟草花叶病毒（ＴＭＶ）Ω增强子序列对小麦中外源基因瞬间表达的调控作用;然后将其中效率最高的玉米Ｕｂｉｌ启动子与兔防御素（ＮＰ－１）连接起来,并加上Ｎｏｓ终止子,构民ＮＰ－１基因小麦表达载体,并转化小麦幼胚,经ＰＣＲ－Ｓｕｔｈｅｒｎ ｂｌｏｔ分析,初步确     

Molecular modelling of urease accessory interaction proteins of Helicobacter Pylori J 99 and predicting an interruption in interaction by Vigna radiata Defensins

Helicobacter pylori is the major causative agent of Gastric carcinoma. Significance of the urease accessory interaction proteins are emphasized in colonization of human gastric mucosa and efficient infection of H. pylori. Here an attempt is made to explore the structure and properties of urease accessory interaction proteins from Helicobacter pylori J 99. The proteins chosen for the study are ureH, ureI, nikR, groL and flgS based on the interaction map available from STRING database. The above mentioned proteins do not have a comprehensive three dimensional structure. Hence the models were generated using PSI-BLAST (Position Specific Iterative-Blast) and MODELLER 9V8. Physicochemical characterization encompasses pI, EC, AI, II and GRAVY. Secondary structure was predicted using PSI-PRED. Functional characterization was done by SOSUI and DISULFIND Servers and refinement of structure was done using Ramachandran plot analysis. RMS-Z values were calculated using Q-MEAN Server and CHIMERA was used for molecular simulation studies. Plant defensins from Vigna radiata are successfully docked to the modeled structures and thus interaction could be possibly prevented. These results will pave way for further selective inhibition of H. pylori colonization and in vivo survival by employing plant defensins from Vigna radiata (VrD1 & VrD2). The work will prove that plant defensins provides anticancer relief too.     

Comparative activity and mechanism of action of three types of bovine antimicrobial peptides against pathogenic Prototheca spp.

The yeast‐like algae of the genus Prototheca are ubiquitous saprophytes causing infections in immunocompromised patients and granulomatous mastitis in cattle. Few available therapies and the rapid spread of resistant strains worldwide support the need for novel drugs against protothecosis. Host defence antimicrobial peptides inactivate a wide array of pathogens and are a rich source of leads, with the advantage of being largely unaffected by microbial resistance mechanisms. Three structurally diverse bovine peptides [BMAP‐28, Bac5 and lingual antimicrobial peptide (LAP)] have thus been tested for their capacity to inactivate Prototheca spp. In minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) assays, they were all effective in the micromolar range against clinical mastitis isolates as well as a Prototheca wickerhamii reference strain. BMAP‐28 sterilized Prototheca cultures within 30–60 min at its MIC, induced cell permeabilization with near 100% release of cellular adenosine triphosphate and resulted in extensive surface blebbing and release of intracellular material as observed by scanning electron microscopy. Bac5 and LAP inactivated Prototheca following 3–6 h incubation at fourfold their MIC and did not result in detectable surface damage despite 70–90% killing, suggesting they act via non‐lytic mechanisms. In circular dichroism studies, the conformation of BMAP‐28, but not that of Bac5 or LAP, was affected by interaction with liposomes mimicking algal membranes. Our results indicate that BMAP‐28, Bac5 and LAP kill Prototheca with distinct potencies, killing kinetics, and modes of action and may be appropriate for protothecal mastitis treatment. In addition, the ability of Bac5 and LAP to act via non‐lytic mechanisms may be exploited for the development of target‐selective drugs. Copyright © 2011 European Peptide Society and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Arthropod defensins illuminate the divergence of scorpion neurotoxins.

Defensins are phylogenetically ancient antibacterial polypeptides found in plants and animals. Isolation of the cDNA and genomic sequences encoding the scorpion (Leiurus quinquestriatus hebraeus) defensin revealed similarity to scorpion neurotoxins in gene organization (two exons and a phase I intron) and intron characteristics (conserved acceptor, donor and putative branch sites). This commonality, alongside a similar core structure, protein sequence and bioactivity suggest that arthropod defensins and scorpion neurotoxins share a common ancestor. Interestingly, phylogenetic analysis of defensins and scorpion neurotoxins illuminates for the first time a putative evolutionary trajectory for scorpion sodium and potassium channel neurotoxins.