基于住院病案首页数据的医院综合评估框架构建

研究基于住院病案首页信息,以原卫生部重点监测病种和手术作为切入点,从医院的医疗能力、医疗质量和运行效率的三个角度,设计了医院综合评估指标体系框架。根据综合评估框架,进一步计算了各类评估指标和相应权重分数,用于统计模型的多层综合加权。创建的方法能够客观、合理地综合评估医院的总体情况,以及比较不同医院的医疗质量。     

Switching addictions between HER2 and FGFR2 in HER2-positive breast tumor cells: FGFR2 as a potential target for salvage after lapatinib failure

Agents that target HER2 have improved the prognosis of patients with HER2-amplified breast cancers. However, patients who initially respond to such targeted therapy eventually develop resistance to the treatment. We have established a line of lapatinib-resistant breast cancer cells (UACC812/LR) by chronic exposure of HER2-amplified and lapatinib-sensitive UACC812 cells to the drug. The mechanism by which UACC812/LR acquired resistance to lapatinib was explored using comprehensive gene hybridization. The FGFR2 gene in UACC812/LR was highly amplified, accompanied by overexpression of FGFR2 and reduced expression of HER2, and a cell proliferation assay showed that the IC₅₀ of PD173074, a small-molecule inhibitor of FGFR tyrosine kinase, was 10,000 times lower in UACC812/LR than in the parent cells. PD173074 decreased the phosphorylation of FGFR2 and substantially induced apoptosis in UACC812/LR, but not in the parent cells. FGFR2 appeared to be a pivotal molecule for the survival of UACC812/LR as they became independent of the HER2 pathway, suggesting that a switch of addiction from the HER2 to the FGFR2 pathway enabled cancer cells to become resistant to HER2-targeted therapy. The present study is the first to implicate FGFR in the development of resistance to lapatinib in cancer, and suggests that FGFR-targeted therapy might become a promising salvage strategy after lapatinib failure in patients with HER2-positive breast cancer.     

Algal chemodiversity and bioactivity: sources of natural variability and implications for commercial application

There has been significant recent interest in the commercial utilisation of algae based on their valuable chemical constituents many of which exhibit multiple bioactivities with applications in the food, cosmetic, agri- and horticultural sectors and in human health. Compounds of particular commercial interest include pigments, lipids and fatty acids, proteins, polysaccharides and phenolics which all display considerable diversity between and within taxa. The chemical composition of natural algal populations is further influenced by spatial and temporal changes in environmental parameters including light, temperature, nutrients and salinity, as well as biotic interactions. As reported bioactivities are closely linked to specific compounds it is important to understand, and be able to quantify, existing chemical diversity and variability. This review outlines the taxonomic, ecological and chemical diversity between, and within, different algal groups and the implications for commercial utilisation of algae from natural populations. The biochemical diversity and complexity of commercially important types of compounds and their environmental and developmental control are addressed. Such knowledge is likely to help achieve higher and more consistent levels of bioactivity in natural samples and may allow selective harvesting according to algal species and local environmental conditions for different groups of compounds.     

不同松树种间杂交类型的可育性分析

探究不同松树种间杂交可育性,为松树种间杂交育种亲本选配提供依据,进而为松树的杂种优势研究积累材料。该研究利用随机区组设计,通过92个松树种间杂交组合与20个半同胞对照,分析9种松树种间杂交类型子代的平均球果产种数、平均球果产种量、百粒重、发芽率与成苗率5项育性指标,综合球果期、种期与苗期3个阶段的表现,利用模糊数学隶属函数法对不同松树种间杂交类型进行可育性综合评价。结果表明:加勒比松×湿地松(C×E)、湿地松×加勒比松(E×C)与湿地松×火炬松(E×T) 3种杂交类型育性表现优于或接近相应的半同胞对照,马尾松×湿地松(M×E)、马尾松×火炬松(M×T)、马尾松×加勒比松(M×C)、火炬松×加勒比松(T×C)、火炬松×马尾松(T×M)与火炬松×湿地松(T×E)杂交类型育性表现远低于半同胞对照,表现出低育性甚至不育。综合5项育性指标,亚组内杂交育性的整体表现明显优于亚组间杂交;湿地松与加勒比松为母本的3种杂交组合育性表现总体水平明显优于马尾松与火炬松为母本的另外6种杂交组合。9种杂交类型中除了火炬松×湿地松(T×E)外,均获得了具有生活力的杂交子代,尤其马尾松与3种国外松的杂交子代在相关研究中是首次获得,对松树种间杂交育种的研究具有重要意义。     

油脂植物油茶的开发利用

简要论述了油脂植物油茶的地理分布与生态习性以及油茶提取物的化学成分及综合利用前景。     

不同居群无患子果实组成比较研究

无患子是一种广泛分布于我国南方的乔木,本文针对不同居群无患子全果的物理组成、种仁油脂及氨基酸组成等方面进行比较研究.福建无患子种仁含油率最高,达到42.8％;四川无患子种子含油率最高,达到13.7％.无患子油脂的脂肪酸碳链长度为C16～C24,其中C16～C20的脂肪酸均占92％以上,不饱和脂肪酸79％～85％.种仁氨...     

化学在农业院校遗传学教学中的渗透与思考

农业院校多数专业的课程设置里面, 化学是一类重要的基础课程, 而遗传学是核心的专业基础课。怎样将先修的化学知识向遗传学教学进行渗透, 从而在逻辑上体现专业基础课对基础课的“承上”功能, 是遗传学教师值得探讨的新问题。作者认为, 在农业院校的本科遗传学教学中, 应充分利用先修课程特别是化学的知识原理, 采用“渗透式”教学, 分析学科间知识点的内在联系, 加深学生对遗传学知识的认知和理解, 构建完整的知识体系, 提高学生分析能力、综合能力和逻辑思维能力, 探索综合竞争力强的复合型人才培养的教学模式。     

广东省超甜玉米新组合模糊综合评价

应用模糊综合评价方法,对广东省2000—2002年超甜玉米的一些新的杂交组合进行区域试验,在鲜穗产量、株型性状、生育期、抗逆性、品质等方面进行了定量化评价。结果表明：各组合的模糊综合指数(FCI值)可以反映综合评价水平的高低。同时,该方法在评价因子的定量化方面更加准确和可靠。所获得的最终评价值,不仅能反映各评价单元之间的相对级别,而且也能直接反映它们的绝对等级。