Studies in Oxadiazoles Synthesis of Some 2-Mercapto-l,3,4-oxadiazoles and Related Compounds as Potential Fungicides

Several 2-mercapto-5-substituted-l,3,4-oxadiazoles, alkyl and aralkyl oxadiazolyl sulphides, disulphides and sulphones have been prepared. A representative number of these compounds have been tested against two fungal species.     

低温生淀粉糖化酶菌株RS01分离及其酶学性质

自渤海湾海泥中分离得到一株产低温生淀粉糖化酶能力较强的菌株RS01,经形态学、生理生化特性及16S rRNA分析将其鉴定为气单胞菌属。对该菌株产的低温生淀粉糖化酶酶学性质进行初步研究,结果表明其最适酶反应温度为30℃,酶的热稳定性比较差,最适pH为5.4,经TLC鉴定酶解产物中有葡萄糖,表明该分离菌株具有产低温生淀粉糖化酶的能力。     

产低温蛋白酶极地菌株的筛选及Pseudoalteromonas sp. QI-1产蛋白酶粗酶性质

通过酪蛋白平板法从实验室极地微生物资源库中筛选到130株在低温条件(4℃)下具有蛋白酶活性的菌株,并对部分酪蛋白水解圈较大的菌株进行了酶活测定和系统发育分析。发现酶活较高的8株菌分别属于假交替单胞菌属(Pseudoalteromonas)、科尔韦尔氏菌属(Colwellia)、希瓦氏菌属(Shewanella)、嗜冷杆菌属(Psychrobacter)。选择低温蛋白酶活性较高的菌株Pseudoalteromonas sp.QI-1为研究对象,以酪蛋白为反应底物对其所产低温蛋白酶粗酶酶性质进行初步研究。结果表明:QI-1低温蛋白酶酶活最适反应温度为40℃,在0℃时保持10%的相对酶活,酶活最适反应pH为10.0;其催化作用不需要金属离子的参与;热稳定性极差,在60℃放置15 min即完全失活。     

水环境低温噬菌体多样性研究进展

低温环境分布最广,生物圈约80%以上的部分为常年低于5℃的低温地区,而在水环境（包括深海、极地海洋、海冰和高纬度湖泊等）中病毒的分布和含量是非常丰富的。在这些低温环境中,噬菌体在生态系统调控、全球生物地球化学循环（尤其是碳循环）、深海代谢和生物基因多样性保存等方面扮演着重要角色。该文主要对海洋和淡水湖泊中低温噬菌体的多样性进行简要综述。     

Characterization of cold-active pectate lyases from psychrophilic Mrakia frigida

AIMS: This study was conducted to determine optimal conditions for pectate lyase (PL) production by two psychrophilic yeast strains and to compare the properties of the cold-active enzymes using mesophilic PL as reference enzyme. METHODS AND RESULTS: Two psychrophilic yeasts isolated from remote geographical locations (European Alps, north Siberia) produced extracellular cold-active PL. Both strains were identified as Mrakia frigida by analysis of ITS and large subunit (LSU) rRNA sequences. Maximum enzyme production occurred at a cultivation temperature of 1 or 5 degrees C. The apparent optimum for enzyme activity was observed at 30 degrees C and pH 8.5-9. The enzymes were thermolabile, but were resistant to repeated freezing and thawing. CONCLUSION: We describe for the first time alkaline PL-producing representatives of the yeast species M. frigida. The two strains produce cold-active PL with similar properties, but have a different enzyme production pattern. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY: The enzymes described in this study could be useful for a wide range of applications, such as low-temperature pretreatment of wastewater containing pectic substances.