This paper is devoted to the restoration of vegetation around mining areas on the example of two land-reclamation zones in the Borodinsky coal mine during spring-summer of 2011–2021. Analysis of vegetation in this area has shown that indicators of spontaneous plant diversity in plots No. 1 and No. 2 were considered moderate in both layers (H < 2.5). Underwood and seeding diversity indices at pre-mining sites were ranked high, reaching 4.01–4.25 and 3.78–3.82, respectively. The analysis of the biological diversity of the flora in the undergrowth of the 12-year-old plot revealed approximately 29 spontaneous plant species belonging to 25 genera and 18 families. The most significant number of species found was found from the family Euphorbia, Cereals, and Legumes. At the 18-year-old site, the number and diversity of plant species (38 species) belonging to 38 genera and 27 families are slightly larger, with the most significant number of species within Euphorbiaceae and Poaceae, Asteraceae, Rubiaceae and Leguminosae. Saplings of various tree species from the Euphorbia and Leguminous family, such as Euphorbia cyparissias L., E. fischeriana Steud., Desmodium triflorum L., Indigofera gerardiana (Wall.) Baker, Robinia viscosa Vent. grew well in both plots. Many other spontaneous species of trees were also found in small populations at the 18-year-old site, namely, Pinus sylvestris L., Salix alba L., Populus alba L., and P. tremula L. In contrast to the younger site, some seedlings of small trees like S. alba and P. tremula and terrestrial ferns such as common bracken (Pteridium aquilinum (L.) Kuhn) and adiantum capillus-veneris L. prevailed in the older site. 相似文献
AbstractThe discovery in 1982 that microorganisms can interact with, and presumably modify, the chemical structure of coal has focused attention on the potential for the use of microbial cultures or isolated microbial enzymes in coal conversion. Biological processes based on this activity will promote the effective utilization of lowrank coal, which is poorly suited to direct combustion. Research in this area may also support the development of improved biological technologies for the cleaning of highrank coal and/or the treatment of coalderived waste. 相似文献
To check for possible mass transfer limitations of oxygen and/or carbon dioxide in kinetic experiments on microbial desulphurization of coal, it is important to properly measure the volumetric mass transfer coefficient (k(L)a) especially at high slurry densities. Volumetric mass transfer coefficients of oxygen, at different solid hold-up values (epsilon(s) = 0 to 0.28) of coal slurries (d(par) < 100 * 10(-6) m), were measured in a lab scale fermentor and in a lab scale pachuca tank, using the dynamic gas-liquid absorption method. It was shown that serious errors could occur due to oxygen adsorption at the coal surface. Using the data of an independently measured adsorption isotherm, the real k(L)a could be calculated from the measured apparent k(L)a. The results show a k(L)a decrease of 40% to 50% at a volumetric solid hold-up of 28%. Estimation of the oxygen and carbon dioxide transfer rates, from the measured mass transfer coefficients, indicates that the stirred fermentor is suitable for kinetic experiments at high slurry densities, whereas the pachuca tank and shake flask are not. (c) 1992 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 相似文献
Coal is an important energy source but it has a significant negative impact on the environmental processes. This paper analyses the impact, measurement, and input of parameters representing potential environmental polluters in the information system (IS).
The methodology of recording and systematization includes the following parameters: coal deposits; climate parameters; roads; rivers; land and surrounding objects; air polluters; water polluters; and soil polluters. Methods for calculating land deformation, air polluter emissions, and noise impact are also presented.
Based on the number and specificity of analyzed data, the paper provides a concept of the IS and an overview of environmental impact of underground coal mine technological units. The concept was used to present the results of a research conducted at the underground coal mine “Soko” in Serbia.
The results of this research can help many potential users realize their goals. Those goals are preventive by nature, since negative environmental impact can be predicted, which enables the environmental protection experts to take appropriate measures. 相似文献