稳定干扰核糖体蛋白RPS7基因表达的宫颈癌HeLa细胞株的建立

目的建立稳定抑制RPS7基因表达的宫颈癌HeLa细胞株。方法设计并合成靶向人RPS7基因的shRNA寡核苷酸片段,克隆到逆转录病毒载体pSIREN中,构建重组质粒pSIREN-RPS7-shRNA,转染293T细胞,将包装产生的重组逆转录病毒感染宫颈癌HeLa细胞,经嘌呤霉素筛选获得稳定的细胞克隆,用real-timePCR和Western印迹检测细胞中RPS7mRNA和蛋白表达水平。结果获得了经测序鉴定正确的重组逆转录病毒质粒,逆转录病毒感染HeLa细胞后用嘌呤霉素筛选出的稳定细胞中,RPS7mRNA和蛋白水平均显著低于干扰对照细胞。结论成功构建了靶向人RPS7基因的shRNA逆转录病毒载体,建立了稳定抑制RPS7基因表达的宫颈癌HeLa细胞株．为进一步研究RPS7在宫颈癌中的生物学功能和作用机制提供了可靠的细胞模型。     

The invasive cervical cancer review: psychological issues surrounding disclosure

An audit of the screening history of all new cervical cancer cases has been a requirement since April 2007. While NHS cervical screening programmes (NHSCSP) guidance requires that women diagnosed with cervical cancer are offered the findings of the audit, as yet there has been no research to investigate the psychological impact that meeting to discuss the findings might have on patients. This is in spite of the fact that cytological under‐call may play a role in as many as 20% of cervical cancer cases. This review draws on the literature concerning breaking bad news, discussing cancer and disclosing medical errors, in order to gain insight into both the negative and positive consequences that may accompany a cervical screening review meeting. We conclude that while patients are likely to experience some distress at disclosure, there are also likely to be positive aspects, such as greater trust and improved perception of care.     

高危型HPV 感染对宫颈病变组织IFN-r、IL-10表达的影响

目的：探讨高危型人乳头瘤病毒（HPV）感染对宫颈病变组织干扰素-r(IFN-r)、白细胞介素-10(IL-10)的影响。方法：收集我 院2013 年1 月到2015 年1 月妇科门诊行宫颈活检患者150 例,根据病理检查结果,将患者分为观察组（宫颈癌33 例、CINⅠ期 26 例、CINⅡ期28 例、CINⅢ期23 例）110 例,对照组（慢性宫颈炎患者）40 例。提取两组患者宫颈组织标本,检测观察组 HPV-DNA、HPV 分型,及两组IFN-r、IL-10 蛋白及mRNA 表达,分析高危型HPV感染与宫颈病变组织IFN-r、IL-10 表达的关系。 结果：观察组HPV-DNA阳性87 例（79.1%）,其中HPV16 型47 例（42.7%）、HPV18 型20 例（18.2%）感染率最高;且HPV16、18 感 染率在CINⅠ期、CINⅡ期、CINⅢ期以及宫颈癌组中的感染率差异均有统计学意义（P<0.05）,Spearman相关性分析显示,HPV16、 18 与宫颈病变程度均呈现正相关关系（r=0.896,0.786;均P<0.05）。IFN-r、IL-10 表达水平在CINⅠ期、CINⅡ期、CINⅢ期、宫颈 癌、对照组表达水平差异均具有统计学意义（P<0.05）,Spearman 相关性分析显示,IFN-r与宫颈病变程度呈现负相关关系（r=-0. 567,P<0.05）,IL-10 呈现正相关关系（r=0.678,P<0.05）。且HPV16、HPV18 感染率与IFN-r表达呈现负相关关系（rHPV16/18=-0. 678,-0.675,均P<0.05）,与IL-10 呈现正相关关系（rHPV16/18=0.582,0.778,均P<0.05）。结论：IFN-r表达随着宫颈病变加重或者 HPV16、HPV18 感染率升高逐渐降低,IL-10 则逐渐升高。     

姜黄素对晚期宫颈癌患者Bcl-xL、Bcl-2、EphA2及EphrinA1表达的影响

目的:探究姜黄素对宫颈癌晚期放疗患者Bcl-x L、Bcl-2、Eph A2与Ephrin A1表达的影响。方法:收集160例晚期宫颈癌放疗患者的宫颈癌石蜡标本,分为姜黄素组与对照组,均给予放射治疗,姜黄素组放疗期间加服姜黄素片剂,采用免疫组化等实验方法,观察两组病例标本Bcl-x L、Bcl-2、Eph A2与Ephrin A1的表达情况,比较两组病理标本化疗前后的凋亡细胞指数(AI)与微血管密度(MVD)。结果:姜黄素组的Bcl-x L、Bcl-2、Eph A2与Ephrin A1的表达阳性率分别为8.3%、43.33%、46.67%、15.0%,均显著低于对照组(P0.05);放疗后姜黄素组的AI显著高于对照组(P0.05),MVD显著低于对照组(P0.05)。结论:姜黄素可抑制Bcl-x L、Bcl-2的表达以促进肿瘤细胞凋亡,同时降低Eph A2与Ephrin A1的表达以减少肿瘤微血管形成,有显著的抗肿瘤与放疗增敏作用。     

CCR2 and CCR5 genes polymorphisms in women with cervical lesions from Pernambuco,Northeast Region of Brazil: a case-control study

Polymorphisms in chemokine receptors play an important role in the progression of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) to cervical cancer (CC). Our study examined the association of CCR2-64I (rs1799864) andCCR5-Δ32 (rs333) polymorphisms with susceptibility to develop cervical lesion (CIN and CC) in a Brazilian population. The genotyping of 139 women with cervical lesions and 151 women without cervical lesions for the CCR2-64I and CCR5-Δ32 polymorphisms were performed using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism. The individuals carrying heterozygous or homozygous genotypes (GA+AA) for CCR2-64I polymorphisms seem to be at lower risk for cervical lesion [odds ratio (OR) = 0.37, p = 0.0008)]. The same was observed for the A allele (OR = 0.39, p = 0.0002), while no association was detected (p > 0.05) with CCR5-Δ32 polymorphism. Regarding the human papillomavirus (HPV) type, patients carrying the CCR2-64Ipolymorphism were protected against infection by HPV type 16 (OR = 0.35, p = 0.0184). In summary, our study showed a protective effect ofCCR2-64I rs1799864 polymorphism against the development of cervical lesions (CIN and CC) and in the susceptibility of HPV 16 infection.     

Digital image analysis of AgNORs in cervical smears of women with premalignant and malignant lesions of the uterine cervix

We performed a hospital-based, unmatched case-control study to investigate the association between progressive stages of cervical neoplasia and digital analysis of cell proliferation by silver stained nucleolus organizer region associated proteins (AgNORs). We measured cell proliferation levels in the cervical epithelial cells of 10 women with low grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (LG-SIL), eight with high grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (HG-SIL), 11 with cervical cancer (CC) and eight with no cervical lesions (controls) using the AgNORs technique. Cell proliferation was measured by digital image analysis (DIA). DIA revealed increased total areas of AgNORs in HG-SIL and CC compared to LG-SIL and control patients. AgNORs with a kidney or cluster shape exhibited greater areas than those with a spherical or long shape. We propose a cut-off of 118 pixels to differentiate benign (control and LG-SIL) from malignant (HG-SIL and CC) lesions. DIA of AgNORs is a simple and inexpensive method for studying proliferation. The increased total area of AgNORs in malignant lesions provides information regarding cell behavior and may be related to cervical carcinogenesis; however, further validation studies are required to establish its usefulness in cytological analysis.     

长链非编码RNA与宫颈癌

长链非编码RNA (Long non-coding RNA,lncRNAs)是RNA的其中一员,其结构类似于mRNA,但由于没有保守的开放阅读框,因此不能编码蛋白质。LncRNAs曾被认为是基因转录后的异常现象或噪音,没有任何的生物学功能。随着研究的进一步深入,发现其可作为重要的调控分子参与人类正常或异常的生物学活动过程。LncRNAs与神经系统功能、机体代谢紊乱以及肿瘤等疾病的发生发展密切相关。异常表达于宫颈癌的lncRNAs通过发挥抑制肿瘤或促进肿瘤的作用,参与调控宫颈癌的各个生物学过程。文中结合最新报道就lncRNAs在宫颈癌的异常调节、分子调节机制和潜在临床应用方面进行综述。     

The potential of biobanked liquid based cytology samples for cervical cancer screening using Raman spectroscopy

Patient samples are unique and often irreplaceable. This allows biobanks to be a valuable source of material. The aim of this study was to assess the ability of Raman spectroscopy to screen for histologically confirmed cases of Cervical Intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) using biobanked liquid based cytology (LBC) samples. Two temperatures for long term storage were assessed; 80°C and ?25°C. The utility of Raman spectroscopy for the detection of CIN was compared for fresh LBC samples and biobanked LBC samples. Two groups of samples were used for the study with one group associated with disease (CIN 3) and the other associated with no disease (cytology negative). The data indicates that samples stored at ?80°C are not suitable for assessment by Raman spectroscopy due to a lack of cellular material and the presence of cellular debris. However, the technology can be applied to fresh LBC samples and those stored at ?25°C and is, moreover, effective in the discrimination of negative samples from those where CIN 3 has been confirmed. Pooled fresh and biobanked samples are also amenable to the technology and achieve a similar sensitivity and specificity for CIN 3. This study demonstrates that cervical cytology samples stored within biobanks at temperatures that preclude cell lysis can act as a useful resource for Raman spectroscopy and will facilitate research and translational studies in this area.      

Integrated Phosphoproteome and Transcriptome Analysis Reveals Chlamydia-Induced Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition in Host Cells

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Establishment and optimization of epithelial cell cultures from human ectocervix,transformation zone,and endocervix optimization of epithelial cell cultures

Cervical cancer is a major public health problem and research using cell culture models has improved understanding of this disease. The human cervix contains three anatomic regions; ectocervix with stratified squamous epithelium, endocervix with secretory epithelium, and transformation zone (TZ) with metaplastic cells. Most cervical cancers originate within the TZ. However, little is known about the biology of TZ cells or why they are highly susceptible to carcinogenesis. The goal of this study was to develop and optimize methods to compare growth and differentiation of cells cultured from ectocervix, TZ or endocervix. We examined the effects of different serum-free media on cell attachment, cell growth and differentiation, and cell population doublings in monolayer culture. We also optimized conditions for organotypic culture of cervical epithelial cells using collagen rafts with human cervical stromal cells. Finally, we present a step-by-step protocol for culturing cells from each region of human cervix.