An analysis of intraoperative blood transfusion of cardiac surgery in one hospital from 2014 to 2016

To investigate the usage of blood componentsfor cardiac surgery inthe First Hospital of Lanzhou University, data from January 2014 to December 2016 were collected for analysis, including the number of cardiac surgeries and blood transfusions. There were 1 589 males and 1 076 females, aged from 1 to 73 years, with an average age of (53.97 ± 11.33) years, in this study. The results showed that the rate of blood-free surgery in the hospital increased year by year,while the proportion of blood-used operation to total operations decreased every year. The ratio of plasma and platelets used in cardiac surgery decreased, while the cryoprecipitate ratio used in cardiac surgery increased. This study indicates that the transfusion medical level in cardiac surgery is improved continuously, and that the infusion of blood components has become more secure, efficient and rational.     

Analysis of oxygen transport in a diffusion-limited model of engineered heart tissue

Cardiac tissue engineering has made notable progress in recent years with the advent of an experimental model based on neonatal cardiomyocytes entrapped in collage gels and purified basement membrane extract, known as "engineered heart tissues" (EHTs). EHTs are a formidable display of tissue-level contractile function and cellular-level differentiation, although they suffer greatly from mass transport limitations due to the high density of metabolically active cells and the diffusion-limited nature of the hydrogel. In this report, a mathematical model was developed to predict oxygen levels inside a one-dimensional, diffusion-limited model of EHT. These predictions were then compared to values measured in corresponding experiments with a hypoxia-sensitive stain (pimonidazole). EHTs were cast between two plastic discs, which allowed for mass transfer with the culture medium to occur in only the radial direction. EHTs were cultured for up to 36 h in the presence of pimonidazole, after which time they were snap-frozen, histologically sectioned, and stained for bound pimonidazole. Quantitative image analysis was performed to measure the distance from the culture medium at which hypoxia first occurs under various conditions. As tested by variation of simple design parameters, the trends in oxygen profiles predicted by the model are in reasonable agreement with those obtained experimentally, although a number of ambiguities related to the specific model parameters led to a general overprediction of oxygen concentrations. Based on the sensitivity analysis in the present study, it is concluded that diffusion-reaction models may offer relatively precise predictions of oxygen concentrations in diffusion-limited tissue constructs.     

The effect of Cyclosporine A on cardiomyocytes differentiation

Cyclosporine A (CsA) is a powerful immunosuppressive drug which significantly improved the success of organ transplantation; however, the major limiting factors for the drug's clinical use are its long and short term adverse effects. The present study was conducted to examine, in a dose-dependent manner, in a model of cardiogenesis, the effect of CsA on cardiomyocytes differentiation.     

Hybrid cardiac procedure: the ultimate cooperation

In medical terms, a hybrid therapy or procedure is a mixture of therapies from different subspecialities. By these definitions, a hybrid cardiac procedure is a combination of surgical and catheter-based intervention to the heart. Hybrid coronary artery revascularisation is a combination of surgical and catheter-based intervention to the diseased coronary arteries.     

CK-MBmass, hs-cTnT及CK-MB与急性心肌梗死的相关性及其联合诊断价值

摘要 目的：研究肌酸激酶同工酶质量（CK-MBmass)、肌酸激酶同工酶（CK-MB）和高敏心肌肌钙蛋白T（hs-cTnT）在急性心肌梗死患者（AMI）血清中的含量,并探讨三者联合对AMIDE诊断价值。方法：选择2018年1月到2021年10月我院收治的AMI患者90例作为研究组,并选择同期在我院体检健康志愿者40例作为对照组,比较两组AMI患者血清CK-MBmass,hs-cTnT和CK-MB。根据Killp分级法将不同心力衰竭将AMI患者分为II、III和IV级,并根据心肌梗死范围将AMI患者分为轻度、中度和重度心肌梗死组。比较不同AMI患者血清CK-MBmass,hs-cTnT和CK-MB。通过受试者工作曲线计算血清CK-MBmass,hs-cTnT和CK-MB联合诊断AMI的阳性预测值、阴性预测值、敏感度和特异度。结果：（1）AMI患者血清CK-MBmass,hs-cTnT和CK-MB均显著高于健康志愿者（P<0.05）;（2）AMI患者血清CK-MBmass,hs-cTnT和CK-MB随Killp分级或心肌梗死范围升高而升高（P<0.05）;（3）AMI患者血清CK-MBmass,hs-cTnT,CK-MB与急性心肌梗死患者左室射血分数（LVEF）呈负相关（P<0.05）,与左室舒张末期容积（LVEDd）和梗死范围呈正相关（P<0.05）;（4）血清CK-MBmass,hs-cTnT和CK-MB联合检测急性心肌梗死的阳性预测值、阴性预测值、敏感度和特异度均高于单独诊断。结论：血清CK-MBmass,hs-cTnT和CK-MB在AMI患者含量升高,并且与患者心功能和心肌梗死范围有关,适用于AMI的联合诊断。     

QRS、QT、QTc及LVEF预测心源性猝死的价值分析

摘要 目的：探讨QRS时限值（QRS）、QT间期延长（QT）、QTc间期（QTc）及左室射血分数（LVEF）预测心源性猝死的价值分析。方法：选择2018年1月至2019年12月川北医学院附属医院心血管内科治疗的356例心源性猝死患者进行研究,设为病例组,并选择同期体检的健康人200例作为对照组,分析QRS、QT、QTc及LVEF水平变化情况及其预测价值。结果：病例组QRS、QTc水平显著高于对照组,QT、LVEF水平显著低于对照组,差异显著（P＜0.05）;轻度QRS、QTc显著低于中度、重度患者,QT、LVEF水平显著高于中度、重度患者;中度患者QRS、QTc显著低于重度患者,QT、LVEF水平显著高于重度患者,差异显著（P＜0.05）;ROC结果显示,QRS预测心源性猝死的AUC为0.989,灵敏度△为84.59%,特异度为87.68%,截断值为115.59ms;QT预测心源性猝死的AUC为0.944,灵敏度85.12%,特异度为88.45%,截断值为21.69ms;QTc预测心源性猝死的AUC为0.984,灵敏度为86.05%,特异度为88.61%,截断值为416.39ms,LVEF预测心源性猝死的AUC为0.997,灵敏度87.15%,特异度为89.05%,截断值为45.63%,（P＜0.05）。结论：QRS、QT、QTc及LVEF在心源性猝死患者中检查,可显著提高心源性猝死临床诊断效能。     

Toll-like receptors in the functional orientation of cardiac progenitor cells

Cardiac progenitor cells (CPCs) have the potential to differentiate into several cell lineages with the ability to restore in cardiac tissue. Multipotency and self-renewal activity are the crucial characteristics of CPCs. Also, CPCs have promising therapeutic roles in cardiac diseases such as valvular disease, thrombosis, atherosclerosis, congestive heart failure, and cardiac remodeling. Toll-like receptors (TLRs), as the main part of the innate immunity, have a key role in the development and differentiation of immune cells. Some reports are found regarding the effect of TLRs in the maturation of stem cells. This article tried to find the potential role of TLRs in the dynamics of CPCs. By showing possible crosstalk between the TLR signaling pathways and CPCs dynamics, we could achieve a better conception related to TLRs in the regeneration of cardiac tissue.