康力欣胶囊联合FOLFOX4方案对中晚期胃癌患者免疫功能、生活质量和血清肿瘤标志物的影响

目的:观察康力欣胶囊联合奥沙利铂、亚叶酸钙、5-氟尿嘧啶(FOLFOX4)方案对中晚期胃癌患者免疫功能、生活质量和血清肿瘤标志物的影响。方法:前瞻性选取2018年7月~2021年1月期间来我院接受治疗的胃癌患者80例,根据抽签分为对照组和观察组两组,各为40例。对照组接受FOLFOX4方案治疗,观察组接受康力欣胶囊联合FOLFOX4方案治疗,以3周为1个疗程,治疗2个疗程。观察两组治疗2个疗程后的疗效、生活质量以及治疗期间不良反应状况,对比两组治疗前、治疗2个疗程后的肿瘤标志物和免疫功能指标变化情况。结果:观察组治疗2个疗程后的总有效率高于对照组(P<0.05)。治疗2个疗程后,观察组的肿瘤相关物质群(TSGF)、糖类抗原-199(CA-199)、癌胚抗原(CEA)低于对照组(P<0.05)。治疗2个疗程后,观察组的CD3;、CD4;、自然杀伤细胞(NK)、CD4;/CD8;高于对照组,CD8;低于对照组(P<0.05)。治疗2个疗程后,观察组的生活质量总改善率、卡氏评分(KPS)评分高于对照组(P<0.05)。两组不良反应发生率组间对比无统计学差异(P>0.05)。结论:中晚期胃癌患者采用康力欣胶囊联合FOLFOX4方案治疗,在阻止疾病进展、改善生活质量、提高免疫功能方面均效果确切,优于单纯化疗效果。     

舒肝解郁胶囊联合阿戈美拉汀对抑郁症患者血清单胺类神经递质和神经功能相关因子的影响

摘要 目的：观察舒肝解郁胶囊联合阿戈美拉汀治疗抑郁症的疗效及对血清单胺类神经递质和神经功能相关因子的影响。方法：纳入我院2017年5月~2020年5月接诊的120例抑郁症患者,经双色球随机分组法将患者分为对照组和观察组,各为60例。对照组患者予以阿戈美拉汀治疗,观察组患者予以舒肝解郁胶囊联合阿戈美拉汀治疗。比较两组疗效、血清单胺类神经递质、神经功能相关因子、抑郁焦虑评分及不良反应发生率。结果：观察组的临床总有效率为93.33%（56/60）,高于对照组的73.33%（44/60）（P<0.05）。两组治疗6周后汉密尔顿抑郁量表（HAMD）、汉密尔顿焦虑量表（HAMA）评分较治疗前降低,且观察组较对照组低（P<0.05）。两组治疗6周后多巴胺（DA）、去甲肾上腺素（NE）、5-羟色胺（5-HT）水平较治疗前升高,且观察组高于对照组（P<0.05）。两组治疗6周后S100?茁、髓磷脂碱性蛋白（MBP）、神经元特异性烯醇化酶（NSE）水平较治疗前降低,且观察组低于对照组（P<0.05）。两组不良反应发生率对比无差异（P>0.05）。结论：舒肝解郁胶囊联合阿戈美拉汀治疗抑郁症,疗效显著,可有效调节血清单胺类神经递质和神经功能,改善抑郁症状,且安全可靠。     

疏风解毒胶囊辅以综合管理干预对慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者呼吸及运动功能的影响

摘要 目的：探讨疏风解毒胶囊辅以综合管理干预对慢性阻塞性肺疾病（COPD）患者呼吸及运动功能改善的影响。方法：选取2018年10月-2019年10月到我院进行治疗的COPD患者84例作为研究对象,随机数字表法分为两组,患者均使用疏风解毒胶囊进行治疗,对照组（n=42）予以常规干预,试验组（n=42）进行综合管理干预。对比两组患者的临床治疗有效率、肺功能改善情况、肺功能指标、呼吸困难指数（MRC）评分以及6分钟步行实验（6MWT）结果。结果：试验组的临床治疗有效率高于对照组（P<0.05）。干预后,两组动脉血二氧化碳分压（PaCO₂）和MRC评分较干预前降低（P<0.05）,动脉血氧分压（PaO₂）、动脉血氧饱和度（SaO₂）、第1秒用力呼气容器（FEV₁）、用力肺活量（FVC）、FEV₁/FVC均较干预前升高（P<0.05）,6MWT距离较干预前增加（P<0.05）,且试验组上述指标改善情况更优（P<0.05）。结论：疏风解毒胶囊辅以综合管理干预可提高COPD患者的临床治疗效果,改善其肺功能,可有效缓解呼吸困难,提升运动强度,值得在临床上应用与推广。     

梨星毛虫虫龄的划分及末龄幼虫头部形态和感器观察

为明确梨星毛虫Illidcris pruni的龄期,了解其头部感受器的种类、形态和分布,通过测量梨星毛虫的头壳宽度与体长两项指标,根据所得数据的频率分布直方图以及结合Dyar定律明确幼虫虫龄数,并利用Crosby生长法则和线性回归的方法对得出的结果进行验证;并采用扫描电镜对末龄幼虫头部形态及感受器进行观察。结果表明,梨星毛虫体长和头壳宽的频次分布均呈显著的5个峰,因此推断梨星毛虫为5个虫龄。各龄的体长变幅分别为2.96~4.04 mm、5.27~6.27 mm、7.76~8.36 mm、9.47~10.45 mm和11.83~12.11 mm,头壳宽变幅分别为0.316~0.358 mm、0.397~0.459 mm、0.538~0.598 mm、0.687~0.735 mm和0.947~1.011 mm。头壳宽符合戴氏法则和Crosby生长法则,并呈现明显的线性关系,因此头壳宽可作为梨星毛虫龄期划分的重要指标,体长可作为分龄的辅助指标。梨星毛虫末龄幼虫头部感器共有栓锥形感器、锥形感器和刺形感器3种感器,主要分布于触角、口器、上颚和下颚须。     

益肾活血汤联合百令胶囊对慢性肾功能衰竭患者肾功能、钙磷代谢和T淋巴细胞亚群的影响

摘要 目的：探讨益肾活血汤联合百令胶囊对慢性肾功能衰竭患者肾功能、钙磷代谢和T淋巴细胞亚群的影响。方法：选取2020年5月~2022年3月期间上海中医药大学附属曙光医院收治的102例慢性肾功能衰竭患者,按随机数字表法分为对照组（常规西医治疗）和观察组（常规西医治疗联合益肾活血汤和百令胶囊治疗）,各51例。两组均治疗8周。对比两组疗效及治疗前、治疗8周后中医证候积分、肾功能、钙磷代谢和T淋巴细胞亚群的变化。结果：观察组治疗8周后的临床总有效率为92.16%（47/51）,高于对照组的74.51%（38/51）（P<0.05）。治疗8周后,两组中医主证积分、次证积分均较治疗前下降,且相比于对照组,观察组更低（P<0.05）。治疗8周后,血肌酐、尿素氮、24 h尿蛋白在两组中均较治疗前下降,且观察组低于对照组（P<0.05）。治疗8周后,两组CD8⁺较治疗前下降,且观察组低于对照组（P<0.05）,而CD4⁺、CD3⁺、CD4⁺/CD8⁺均较治疗前升高,且观察组高于对照组（P<0.05）。治疗8周后,两组血磷、钙磷乘积下降,且观察组低于对照组（P<0.05）,血钙均升高,且观察组高于对照组（P<0.05）。结论：益肾活血汤联合百令胶囊治疗慢性肾功能衰竭患者,可提高肾功能,改善钙磷代谢和T淋巴细胞亚群,并缓解其临床症状,疗效确切,值得临床借鉴应用。     

Carbonaceous Resin Capsule for Vapor-phase Monitoring of Volatile Monoaromatic Hydrocarbons in Soil

Soil and groundwater contamination by organic substances is a major environmental and health concern, but methods of direct, in situ evaluation of quantities and forms of these contaminants are generally highly limited. The resin capsule system (RCS) has been developed for use in the laboratory or in the field for inorganic chemicals, and its application has been extended to include organic chemicals by incorporation of carbonaceous, hydrophobic adsorbers in the capsules. The objective of this study was to determine the efficacy of carbonaceous resin capsules for detecting benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylene (BTEX) vapors diffusing through a soil column, and to investigate sensitivity to environmental factors that influence vapor phase diffusion. Results show that the RCS can serve as a trap for organic vapors, and that quantities of BTEX accumulated are influenced by soil texture and water content during extended adsorption times. The nature of these effects, as measured by the RCS, was similar to expectations, based on previously reported results from studies involving direct measurements. These results provide evidence that the RCS could be developed to serve as a simple, inexpensive, direct, in situ methodology for monitoring volatile organic chemicals in soils.     

Changes to the mechanical properties of the glenohumeral capsule during anterior dislocation

The glenohumeral joint is the most frequently dislocated major joint in the body, and instability due to permanent deformation of the glenohumeral capsule is a common pathology. The corresponding change in mechanical properties may have implications for the ideal location and extent of plication, which is a common clinical procedure used to repair the capsule. Therefore, the objective of this study was to quantify the mechanical properties of four regions of the glenohumeral capsule after anterior dislocation and compare the properties to the normal glenohumeral capsule. Six fresh-frozen cadaveric shoulders were dislocated in the anterior direction with the joint in the apprehension position using a robotic testing system. After dislocation, mechanical testing was performed on the injured glenohumeral capsule by loading the tissue samples in tension and shear. An inverse finite element optimization routine was used to simulate the experiments and obtain material coefficients for each tissue sample. Cauchy stress–stretch curves were then generated to represent the mechanical response of each tissue sample to theoretical loading conditions. Based on several comparisons (average of the material coefficients, average stress–stretch curve for each region, and coefficients representing the average curves) between the normal and injured tissue samples, the mechanical properties of the injured tissue samples from multiple regions were found to be lower than those of the normal tissue in tension but not in shear. This finding indicates that anterior dislocation primarily affects the tensile behavior of the glenohumeral capsule rather than the shear behavior, and this phenomenon could be caused by plastic deformation of the matrix, permanent collagen fiber rotation, and/or collagen fiber failure. These results suggest that plication and suturing may not be sufficient to return stability to the shoulder after dislocation in all individuals. Thus, surgeons may need to perform a procedure that reinforces or stiffens the tissue itself, such as reconstruction or augmentation, to improve repair procedures.     

通痹胶囊治疗类风湿关节炎的疗效及对微循环和血清MMP-1、MMP-3的影响

目的:探讨通痹胶囊治疗类风湿关节炎(RA)的疗效及对微循环指标和基质金属蛋白酶-1(MMP-1)、血清基质金属蛋白酶-3(MMP-3)的影响。方法:选取2016年1月～2018年9月期间我院收治的90例RA患者,按照随机数字表法分为研究组(n=45)、对照组(n=45)。对照组患者给予来氟米特、甲氨蝶呤常规治疗,研究组在对照组基础上联合通痹胶囊治疗,比较两组患者疗效、治疗前后的微循环指标[血管阻力指数(RI)、舒张期峰值速度(EDV)以及收缩期峰值速度(PSV)]、MMP-1、MMP-3、类风湿因子滴度(RF)、C反应蛋白(CRP)、红细胞沉降率(ESR)、抗链球菌溶血素"O"(ASO),记录两组治疗期间不良反应发生情况。结果:研究组治疗4个月后的临床总有效率高于对照组(P0.05)。两组患者治疗4个月后RI、MMP-1、MMP-3、CRP、RF、ESR、ASO下降,且研究组低于对照组(P0.05);EDV、PSV升高,且研究组高于对照组(P0.05)。两组患者不良反应发生率比较无差异(P0.05)。结论:在常规治疗的基础上联合通痹胶囊可有效缓解RA病情,改善机体微循环,降低血清MMP-3、MMP-1水平,且用药安全性较好。     

PROPERTIES OF MICROCYSTIS AERUGINOSA AND M. FLOS-AQUAE (CYANOPHYTA) IN CULTURE: TAXONOMIC IMPLICATIONS1

Cultures were cloned from a sample containing Microcystis aeruginosa, M. flos-aquae and a few morphological intermediates. The M. aeruginosa cultures remained distinct from the M. flos-aquae cultures in (a) cell size, (b) cell aggregation pattern, (c) width of the mucilage surrounding the multicellular colonies, (d) sharpness of the mucilage boundary, (e) efect of 0.1–1.0 μM calcium chloride on the disaggregation of multicellular colonies, (f) frequency of mucilage mutants and (g) colony morphology on agar media. No M. flos-aquae culture produced morphs resembling M. aeruginosa, inconsistent with proposals that M. flos-aquae is a developmental stage or environmentally-induced variant of M. aeruginosa. After longterm cultivation, but not soon after origanal isolation, several M. aeruginosa cultures contained mutants with diminished mucilage production and an altered colony shape.     

Ultrastructure of the Feeding Apparatus of Rhabdodemania minima Chitwood, 1936 (Enoplida: Rhabdodemaniidae)

The feeding apparatus of the marine nematode Rhabdodemania minima Chitwood, 1936 has been examined with light and transmission electron microscopy. The buccal capsule consists of a posterior region with smooth walls bearing three sets of three minute denticles at its posterior end and three large onchia in its mid region; a middle region with grooved walls; and an anterior region with costae and six odontia. The anterior and middle portions of the buccal capsule are enveloped by the cephalic cuticle, whereas the posterior region, which is set off from the middle region by a buccal seam, is partially enveloped by the anterior end of the esophagus. Two subventral esophageal glands open into the lumen of the esophagus. Secretions of each of three paraesophageal glands are conveyed through a duct in each of the three corresponding corners of the buccal wall to an opening between labia. A pair of wing-like thickenings, termed pterons, embraces the duct of each paraesophageal gland in the posterior and middle regions of the buccal capsule. A model of how the buccal capsule operates is proposed and tested. Morphological and functional aspects of the buccal apparatus and cephalic cuticle are compared with those of other taxa of the Enoplida, and their phylogenetic implications are discussed.