Sema3A and HIF1α co-overexpressed iPSC-MSCs/HA scaffold facilitates the repair of calvarial defect in a mouse model

Mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) play an important role in bone tissue engineering because MSCs possess multilineage potential of differentiation to mesenchymal tissues. Semaphorin 3A (Sema3A) and hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF1α) are proved as important regulatory factors for osteogenesis and angiogenesis. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of Sema3A and HIF1α co-overexpression on the osteogenesis and angiogenesis in induced pluripotent stem cell-derived mesenchymal stem cells (iPSC-MSCs). Importantly, we assessed the potential osteogenic effectiveness of Sema3A and HIF1α co-overexpressed iPSC-MSCs seeded on hydroxyapatite (HA) scaffold in a mouse calvarial defect model. The overexpression for Sema3A, HIF1α, or Sema3A-HIF1α fusion in iPSC-MSCs was performed by separately infecting with conducted lentiviral vector. We determined the cell proliferation, the expressions of osteogenic, and endothelial markers of iPSC-MSCs cultured in osteogenic or endothelial induction medium in vitro. A mouse model calvarial defect was created and implanted with the Empty implant, HA scaffold alone, HA scaffold combined with iPSC-MSCs that infected with negative control or Sema3A-HIF1α fusion for 8 weeks in vivo. The results showed that Sema3A and HIF1α co-overexpression reversed the reduced cell proliferation that reduced by Sema3A overexpression alone. Importantly, the co-overexpression significantly increased the expressions of osteogenic and angiogenic related-genes compared with negative control after induction. Moreover, the Sema3A-HIF1α co-overexpressed iPSC-MSCs seeded on HA scaffold boosted the new bone and collagen fiber formation and facilitated repair of calvarial defect in a mouse model, which might have the potential application for bone defect reconstruction.     

Involvement of MAPK signaling molecules and Runx2 in the NELL1-induced osteoblastic differentiation

NELL1 is an extracellular protein inducing osteogenic differentiation and bone formation of osteoblastic cells. To elucidate the intracellular signaling cascade evoked by NELL1, we have shown that NELL1 protein transiently activates the MAPK signaling cascade, induces the phosphorylation of Runx2, and promotes the rapid intracellular accumulation of Tyr-phosphorylated proteins. Unlike BMP2, NELL1 protein does not activate the Smad signaling cascade. These findings suggest that upon binding to a specific receptor NELL1 transduces an osteogenic signal through activation of certain Tyr-kinases associated with the Ras-MAPK cascade, and finally leads to the osteogenic differentiation.     

牙颌面畸形患者的人格特征分析

目的:通过明尼苏达多项人格测验评估牙颌面畸形患者术前的人格特征。方法:采用随机对照的方法,选取2012年5月~2013年5月在第四军医大学口腔医学院颅颌面创伤整形外科病区就诊的先天性牙颌面畸形患者102例,利用DXC-6型软件进行筛选,将其中64例纳入病例组;同时选取第四军医大学经过征兵心理测试且成绩合格的本科学员、八年制学员及硕/博士研究生83例,利用DXC-6型软件进行筛选,将其中57例纳入对照组。以问卷调查的方式对两组进行人格特征评估并比较其结果。结果:病例组MAS量表、Si量表评分与对照组比较存在显著性差异(P0.05),病例组显著高于对照组,两组其余各因素评分比较未见显著性差异(P0.05)。不同学历、年龄及性别的牙颌面畸形患者MAS量表和Si量表各项指标评分比较均无显著性差异(P0.05)。结论:牙颌面畸形患者存在对周围人反应过于敏感,缺乏自信等心理问题,可能与其异常面容有关,而与患者的学历、年龄及性别无关。     

Morphological abnormalities in elasmobranchs

A total of 10 abnormal free‐swimming (i.e. post‐birth) elasmobranchs are reported from The (Persian–Arabian) Gulf, encompassing five species and including deformed heads, snouts, caudal fins and claspers. The complete absence of pelvic fins in a milk shark Rhizoprionodon acutus may be the first record in any elasmobranch. Possible causes, including the extreme environmental conditions and the high level of anthropogenic pollution particular to The Gulf, are briefly discussed.     

计算机辅助设计修复先天性手部畸形的临床报告

目的:探讨计算机辅助设计修复先天性手部畸形的临床效果。方法:2015年2月到2019年4月选择在本院进行住院治疗的先天性手部畸形患者72例,根据随机数字表法分为研究组与对照组,各36例,对照组给予腹部带蒂复合组织瓣修复治疗,研究组在对照组修复的基础上给予基于3D打印技术的计算机辅助设计修复治疗,记录与报告两组预后。结果:所有患者都皮瓣修复成功,成功率为100.0%。研究组术后3个月的拇指侧偏、虎口挛缩、感染、血管危象等并发症发生率为5.6%,显著低于对照组的30.6%(P0.05)。研究组术后3个月的手部旋转功能优良率为97.2%,显著高于对照组的80.6%(P0.05)。研究组术后3个月的手部疼痛、功能活动和自我感受评分显著高于对照组(P0.05)。结论:基于3D打印技术的计算机辅助设计修复先天性手部畸形成功率高,能减少患者并发症的发生,提高患者的手部旋转功能优良率与手部综合功能。     

Protective effects of green tea polyphenol against reactive oxygen species-induced oxidative stress in cultured rat calvarial osteoblast

The injurious effects of reactive oxygen species on osteoblasts and the potential protective role played by green tea polyphenols (GtPP) were investigated using primarily cultured rat calvarial osteoblasts. Oxidative stress was induced in cultured osteoblasts, either by adding 100 mmol/L H2O2 or by the action of 40 U/L xanthine oxidase (XO) in the presence of xanthine (250 micromol/L). After incubation, the cellular viability, function and morphology were evaluated. Both treatments produced a significant reduction in osteoblast viability, as assessed by a two-colored fluorescence staining method combined with flow cytometric analysis and MTT assay. A significant reduction in the alkaline phosphatase activity was observed after H2O2 addition, whereas XO did not have the same effect. On the microscopic observations, the morphological changes and intracellular ultrastructural damages were remarkably induced by both treatments. The H2O2-induced alterations were prevented by pre-incubating the osteoblasts with 200 microg/ml GtPP for 1 h. When the oxidative stress was induced by XO, the cellular viability and morphology was also maintained at the same polyphenol concentration. These results demonstrate that GtPP can act as a biological antioxidant in a cell culture experimental model and protect cells from oxidative stress-induced toxicity.     

核型异常的两性畸形山羊2例报告

本文报道2例两性畸形的山羊,它们均具雌雄两套生殖器官,染色体组型分析显示它们均为性染色体嵌合体,核型为60,XX/XY,两头畸形山羊的XX细胞系的比例分别为42%和54%,XY细胞系的比例分别为58%和46%。 Abstract:We herein report two cases of goats with sexual deformity.They had two systems of reproductive organs and the karyotype analysis showed mosaicism for their sex chromosomes,i.e.,60,XX / XY.The proportion of XX cell line was 42% and 54%,while XY cell line was 58% and 46%,respectively,in the two abnormal goats.     

米蛾卵繁育的螟黄赤眼蜂的适宜冷贮温度和虫龄

为了全面评价冷贮对米蛾Corcyra cephalonica Stainton卵繁育螟黄赤眼蜂Trichogramma chilonis Ishii的影响, 本试验采用米蛾卵为寄主, 以冷贮温度（3和10℃）、 冷贮虫龄（以接蜂开始时间为起点, 接蜂后1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8和9日龄）和冷贮时间（1, 2, 3和4周）为试验因子, 研究了冷贮对螟黄赤眼蜂活蛹率、 羽化率和畸形率的影响。结果表明： 3个因素均能单独或互作显著影响活蛹率、 羽化率和畸形率（P＜0.05）。综合各冷贮虫龄对低温的反应, 螟黄赤眼蜂对3℃较敏感, 此温度下1-3日龄的活蛹率和各虫龄的羽化率均显著下降（P＜0.05）, 不适宜长期冷贮; 10℃下各虫龄的活蛹率受冷贮时间的影响不显著, 1-3日龄的羽化率受冷贮时间的影响也不显著, 冷贮4周后仍有74%以上的羽化率, 10℃适宜冷贮。不同冷贮温度下冷贮适宜虫龄不同。在10℃下, 最适冷贮虫龄是3日龄的赤眼蜂, 此虫龄不同冷贮时间的活蛹率（74.09%～77.59%）和羽化率（74.26%～90.37%）均与对照无显著差异（P>0.05）, 但显著高于其他虫龄（P＜0.05）。此虫龄在10℃下冷贮1~3周, 畸形率在27%以内。结果表明米蛾卵内螟黄赤眼蜂不同冷贮温度下适宜冷贮虫龄不同。