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91.
Lei Jiang Misty D. Bechtel Nadezhda A. Galeva Todd D. Williams Elias K. Michaelis Mary L. Michaelis 《Journal of neurochemistry》2012,123(5):689-699
Precise regulation of free intracellular Ca2+ concentrations [Ca2+]i is critical for normal neuronal function, and alterations in Ca2+ homeostasis are associated with brain aging and neurodegenerative diseases. One of the most important proteins controlling [Ca2+]i is the plasma membrane Ca2+‐ATPase (PMCA), the high‐affinity transporter that fine tunes the cytosolic nanomolar levels of Ca2+. We previously found that PMCA protein in synaptic plasma membranes (SPMs) is decreased with advancing age and the decrease in enzyme activity is much greater than that in protein levels. In this study, we isolated raft and non‐raft fractions from rat brain SPMs and used quantitative mass spectrometry to show that the specialized lipid microdomains in SPMs, the rafts, contain 60% of total PMCA, comprised all four isoforms. The raft PMCA pool had the highest specific activity and this decreased progressively with age. The reduction in PMCA protein could not account for the dramatic activity loss. Addition of excess calmodulin to the assay did not restore PMCA activity to that in young brains. Analysis of the major raft lipids revealed a slight age‐related increase in cholesterol levels and such increases might enhance membrane lipid order and prevent further loss of PMCA activity. 相似文献
92.
Camillo Peracchia 《The Journal of membrane biology》1984,81(1):49-58
Summary This paper reports the inhibitory effects of calmidazolium (CDZ), a calmodulin inhibitor, on electrical uncoupling by CO2. Membrane potential and coupling ratio (V
2/V1) are measured in two neighboring cells ofXenopus embryos (16 to 64 cell stage) for periods as long as 5.5 hr. Upon exposure to 100% CO2, control cells consistently uncouple even if the CO2 treatments are repeated every 15 min for 2.5 hr. CDZ (5×10–8–1×10–7
m) strongly inhibits uncoupling. The inhibition starts after 30, 50 and 60 min of treatment with 1×10–7, 7×10–8 and 5×10–8
m CDZ, respectively, is concentration-dependent and partially reversible. In the absence of CO2, CDZ also improves electrical coupling. CDZ has no significant effect on membrane potential and nonjunctional membrane resistance. These data suggest that calmodulin or a calmodulin-like protein participates in the uncoupling mechanism. 相似文献
93.
Ting-Gang Li Bao-Li Wang Chun-Mei Yin Dan-Dan Zhang Dan Wang Jian Song Lei Zhou Zhi-Qiang Kong Steven J. Klosterman Jun-Jiao Li Sabiu Adamu Ting-Li Liu Krishna V. Subbarao Jie-Yin Chen Xiao-Feng Dai 《Molecular Plant Pathology》2019,20(6):857-876
Improving genetic resistance is a preferred method to manage Verticillium wilt of cotton and other hosts. Identifying host resistance is difficult because of the dearth of resistance genes against this pathogen. Previously, a novel candidate gene involved in Verticillium wilt resistance was identified by a genome-wide association study using a panel of Gossypium hirsutum accessions. In this study, we cloned the candidate resistance gene from cotton that encodes a protein sharing homology with the TIR-NBS-LRR receptor-like defence protein DSC1 in Arabidopsis thaliana (hereafter named GhDSC1). GhDSC1 expressed at higher levels in response to Verticillium wilt and jasmonic acid (JA) treatment in resistant cotton cultivars as compared to susceptible cultivars and its product was localized to nucleus. The transfer of GhDSC1 to Arabidopsis conferred Verticillium resistance in an A. thaliana dsc1 mutant. This resistance response was associated with reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation and increased expression of JA-signalling-related genes. Furthermore, the expression of GhDSC1 in response to Verticillium wilt and JA signalling in A. thaliana displayed expression patterns similar to GhCAMTA3 in cotton under identical conditions, suggesting a coordinated DSC1 and CAMTA3 response in A. thaliana to Verticillium wilt. Analyses of GhDSC1 sequence polymorphism revealed a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) difference between resistant and susceptible cotton accessions, within the P-loop motif encoded by GhDSC1. This SNP difference causes ineffective activation of defence response in susceptible cultivars. These results demonstrated that GhDSC1 confers Verticillium resistance in the model plant system of A. thaliana, and therefore represents a suitable candidate for the genetic engineering of Verticillium wilt resistance in cotton. 相似文献
94.
Y Wen K S Famulski E Carafoli 《Biochemical and biophysical research communications》1984,122(1):237-243
The Ca2+-dependent K+ permeability of heart sarcolemma vesicles was measured by following the transmembrane movement of the charge compensating tetraphenylborate anion. The increase in vesicles permeability induced by Ca2+ is lost when membrane proteins are dephosphorylated by an endogenous protein phosphatase and is restored by a phosphorylation process catalysed by a cAMP-dependent protein kinase. The calmodulin antagonist R 24571 lowers the Ca2+-dependent K+ permeability by decreasing the Ca2+ affinity of the K+ transporting system. 相似文献
95.
Deli Irene Jian-Wen Huang Tse-Yu Chung Feng-Yin Li Jason T.-C. Tzen Ta-Hsien Lin 《Journal of biomolecular structure & dynamics》2013,31(4):414-425
Calmodulin (CaM), the primary intracellular Ca2+ receptor, regulates a large number of key enzymes and controls a wide spectrum of important biological responses. Recognition between CaM and its target sequence in rat olfactory cyclic nucleotide-gated ion channel (OLFp) was investigated by circular dichroism (CD), fluorescence, and NMR spectroscopy. Fluorescence data showed the OLFp tightly bound to CaM with a dissociation constant of 12?nM in a 1:1 stoichiometry. Far-UV CD data showed that approximately 60% of OLFp residues formed α-helical structures when associated with CaM. NMR data showed that most of the 15N–1H HSQC cross-peaks of the 15N-labeled CaM not only shifted but also split into two sets of peaks upon association with the OLFp. Our data indicated that the two distinct CaM/OLFp complexes existed simultaneously with stable structures that were not interexchangeable within the NMR time scale. In light of the palindromic sequence of OLFp (FQRIVRLVGVIRDW) for CaM targeting, we proposed that the helical OLFp with C2 symmetry may bind to CaM in two orientations. This hypothesis is supported by the observation that only one set of 15N–1H HSQC cross-peaks of the 15N-labeled CaM was detected upon association with OLFp-M13 chimeric peptide (OLFMp), a mutated OLFp lacking the palindromic feature. The binding specificity of OLFMp to CaM was restored when the palindromic feature was destroyed. Binding modes of CaM/OLFp and CaM/OLFMp simulated by molecular docking were in accord with their distinct patterns observed in HSQC spectra. Our studies suggest that the palindromic residues in OLFp are crucial for the orientation-specific recognition by CaM. 相似文献
96.
Yamada K 《Molecular and cellular biochemistry》1999,190(1-2):39-45
Results of microcalorimetric titrations of calcium-binding proteins with calcium or magnesium have been reviewed and evaluated. Results were analyzed mostly in terms of heat capacity changes, which is most closely related to the structural changes of the molecule on metal binding. Two high-affinity sites of rabbit skeletal troponin C are distinguishable in terms of their affinity to calcium and associated enthalpy changes. Heat capacity changes on calcium binding to one of the two high-affinity sites is negative and is in the range ascribed to the ligand binding. In contrast, that to the other of the high-affinity sites is large and positive, indicating that a substantial area of hydrophobic groups become exposed to the solvent. In frog skeletal troponin C, the anomalous positive heat capacity changes occur in one of the low-affinity calcium-specific sites, so that this may be involved in the regulation of contraction. Unlike skeletal troponin C, both of the two high-affinity sites of cardiac troponin C show negative heat capacity changes. In calmodulin, heat capacity changes are positive but small, indicating that calcium binding may induce clustering of the hydrophobic residues on the surface of the molecule. In parvalbumins, heat capacity changes are negative, characteristic of most ligand binding. 相似文献
97.
高浓度Ca~(2 )(0.1 mol/L)使叶绿体产生O_2~ 的能力下降,旋转相关时间(τ_c)增大34.3%,即膜的流动性降低,并抑制ACC形成乙烯;衰老时细胞内的Ca~(2 )作用却与此相反;O_2~ 的生成与乙烯的产量成正相关(r=0.941)。EGTA,吩噻嗪和W_7等加入到叶绿体反应体系中,可使O_2~ 的产量下降,ACC形成乙烯减少;相反,亚油酸作为Ca~(2 )载体,却使之明显升高,但亚油酸本身产生乙烯的量比ACC少得多。因此推测:高浓度Ca~(2 )可能影响叶绿体膜的状态,从而影响EFE的构象或者减少O_2~ 的生成,抑制ACC的转化,衰老时细胞内的Ca~(2 )可启动钙信使系统,使O_2~ 的产量升高,而其中膜脂过氧化是衰老的中心环节,因此O_2~ 的升高可能是诱发衰老启动的重要因素。 相似文献
98.
Guang Yi Zhang Jerry H. Wang Rajendra K. Sharma 《Molecular and cellular biochemistry》1993,122(2):159-169
Bovine brain contains two calmodulin-dependent phosphodiesterase kinases which are separated on Sephacryl S-300 column. One of these kinases has been purified to homogeneity and shown to belong to the calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II family. Phosphorylation of the 63 kDa phosphodiesterase by this purified protein kinase results in the incorporation of 1.0 mol phosphate per mol subunit and an accompanying increase in Ca2+ concentrations required for the phosphodiesterase activation by calmodulin. The protein kinase undergoes autophosphorylation to incorporate 1.0 mol phosphate per mol of subunit of the enzyme and the autophosphorylated enzyme is active, independent of the presence of Ca2+. The autophosphorylation reaction as well as the protein kinase reaction are rendered Ca2+ independent in less than 15 seconds when approximately one mol phosphate per mol protein kinase is incorporated. The result suggests that activation of phosphodiesterase phosphorylation reaction may occur prior to the activation of phosphodiesterase and phosphatase during a cell Ca2+ flux via the protein kinase autophosphorylation mechanism.Abbreviations SDS
sodium dodecyl sulfate
- EGTA
ethylene glycol bis (-aminoethyl ether)
- N,N,N,N
tetra acetic acid
- EDTA
ethylenediamine-tetraacetic acid
- cAMP
cyclic adenosine 35 monophosphate
This work is supported by grants from the Medical Research Council of Canada (JHW), the Heart and Stroke Foundation of Alberta (JHW and RKS) and the Heart and Stroke Foundation of Saskatchewan (RKS) 相似文献
99.
《Journal of molecular recognition : JMR》2017,30(8)
Calmodulin (CaM) functions depend on interactions with CaM‐binding proteins, regulated by . Induced structural changes influence the affinity, kinetics, and specificities of the interactions. The dynamics of CaM interactions with neurogranin (Ng) and the CaM‐binding region of /calmodulin‐dependent kinase II (CaMKII290−309) have been studied using biophysical methods. These proteins have opposite dependencies for CaM binding. Surface plasmon resonance biosensor analysis confirmed that and CaM interact very rapidly, and with moderate affinity ( ). Calmodulin‐CaMKII290−309 interactions were only detected in the presence of , exhibiting fast kinetics and nanomolar affinity ( ). The CaM–Ng interaction had higher affinity under ‐depleted ( and k −1 = 1.6 × 10−1s−1) than ‐saturated conditions ( ). The IQ motif of Ng (Ng27−50) had similar affinity for CaM as Ng under ‐saturated conditions ( ), but no interaction was seen under ‐depleted conditions. Microscale thermophoresis using fluorescently labeled CaM confirmed the surface plasmon resonance results qualitatively, but estimated lower affinities for the Ng ( ) and CaMKII290−309( ) interactions. Although CaMKII290−309 showed expected interaction characteristics, they may be different for full‐length CaMKII. The data for full‐length Ng, but not Ng27−50, agree with the current model on Ng regulation of /CaM signaling. 相似文献
100.
番茄碱对棉铃虫的毒性作用机理初探 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
采取荧光光谱法分析了番茄碱及虫体内钙调蛋白的图谱,从钙调蛋白的角度探讨了番茄碱的作用机理.结果显示:(1)番茄碱对棉铃虫具有毒性,随浓度的增加及饲喂时间的延长,对棉铃虫的杀伤力增强;(2)番茄碱对虫体内钙调蛋白的影响较大,随番茄碱浓度的增加,钙调蛋白的含量逐渐降低;(3)钙离子的加入增强了钙调蛋白的刚性,荧光图谱出现了红移(由350 nm移至416.58 nm);(4)番茄碱的加入破坏了钙调蛋白-钙离子复合物的刚性,荧光图谱出现了蓝移(416.58 nm移至377.65 nm).以上可以说明,番茄碱可能作为钙调蛋白的拮抗剂,拮抗钙调蛋白被钙离子激活的位点,影响其与靶酶的结合而发挥作用.此项的研究为探讨番茄碱的杀虫机理提供了科学依据. 相似文献