Effect of layers composition on leachate property from functional layer embedded landfill

Two functional layers embedded landfills (FLELs), namely LR1 (with Layers 1 and 2) and LR2 (with double Layer 1), were conducted to evaluate their efficiency on the reduction of leachate strength at source and the acceleration of waste biodegradation process. It was found that the cumulative COD, NH₃-N, leachate quantity and landfill settlement in LR1 was 63.0%, 34.6%, 94.8% and 80.4% of that in LR2 in the entire test periods, while the leachate effluents from these two reactors presented almost the same concentration at the end of the operation period. It could be concluded that leachate pollutants was removed immediately in Layer 2 through the physical-chemical reaction, while double Layer 1s contributed to the pollutant removal in a long run through the improvement of the micro-organism activities in landfill. The layer composition should be applied according to the landfill types, i.e. plain landfill using Layer 2 and valley landfill using Layer 1.     

2 D - QSAR studies on CYP26A1 inhibitory activity of 1-[benzofuran-2-yl-(4-alkyl/aryl-phenyl)-methyl]- 1 H-triazoles

The Quantitative Structure Activity Relationship (QSAR) study is performed over a set of 15, 4-alkyl/aryl-substituted 1- [benzofuran-2-yl-phenylmethyl]-1 H-triazoles derivatives. This study is based on the application of physicochemical parameters in QSAR. The parameters include (MR (molar refractivity), MW (molecular weight), Pc (parachor), St (surface tension), D (density), Ir (index of refraction) and log P (partition coefficient). The parameters describing physiochemical properties are used as independent variables and the biological activity (IC(50)) is considered as dependent variable in multiple regression analysis. Different models were generated with high co-efficient of determination (R(2)). The 2D-QSAR study identified compounds capable of inhibiting the metabolic breakdown of the retinoid (trans-retinoic acid (ATRA)) involved in the activation of specific nuclear Retinoic acid receptors (RARs). This study identifies R115866 as a potential inhibitor of the cytochrome P450 (CYP) mediated metabolism with increased RA levels for retinoid actions.     

牛奶子树不同部位多糖抗氧化活性比较研究

从牛奶子(Elaeagnus umbellata Thunb.)的叶片、枝条、种子中提取多糖,并研究其抗氧化活性.采用热水提取、Savage法除蛋白、80％乙醇沉淀得其粗多糖.以Vc为对照,用番红花红光度法测定其对羟基自由基的清除作用;用邻苯三酚自氧化法测定其对超氧阴离子的清除作用;用Fe3+还原力法测定其还原能力.结果表明:3个部位所含多糖对羟基自由基、超氧阴离子自由基都可起到有效的清除或抑制作用,其中对羟基自由基清除活性依次为:种子＞叶片＞枝条＞Vc,对超氧阴离子自由基清除活性依次为:种子＞Vc＞叶片＞枝条,3个部位所含多糖都有还原性,但效果都不如硫脲.     

低温脂肪酶产生菌的筛选、产酶发酵及粗酶性质研究

利用含有Tween 80的琼脂平板和摇瓶发酵法,从若尔盖高原土壤中筛选产脂肪酶菌株.通过菌落形态和菌体特征观察初步对菌种进行鉴定,得到一株产低温脂肪酶的适冷菌Pseudomonassp.DL-B,并设计正交试验对该菌株的产酶发酵培养条件进行了优化.摇瓶实验表明,该菌株最适产酶发酵培养基为:蔗糖10 g/L,蛋白胨20 ...     

Synthesis,Molecular Docking and Biological Evaluation of 2-Aryloxy-N-Phenylacetamide and N′-(2-Aryloxyoxyacetyl) Benzohydrazide Derivatives as Potential Antibacterial Agents

A new class of 2-aryloxy-N-phenylacetamide and N′-(2-aryloxyoxyacetyl) benzohydrazide derivatives with different active moieties were synthesized and screened for their antibacterial activity. Structural characterization of synthesized compounds was performed using HR-MS, ¹H-NMR, and ¹³C-NMR spectral data. Amongst the synthesized compounds, 4-{2-[2-(2-chloroacetamido)phenoxy]acetamido}-3-nitrobenzoic acid ( 3h ) and 2-chloro-N-(2-{2-[2-(2-chlorobenzoyl)hydrazinyl]-2-oxoethoxy}phenyl)acetamide ( 3o ) have shown good antibacterial activity against a selected panel of bacteria. Besides, compounds also exhibited bactericidal activity against P. aeruginosa ( 3h , 0.69 μg/mL) and S. aureus ( 3o , 0.62 μg/mL) as evident by MBC and time-kill kinetics studies. In silico molecular docking and ADMET properties of newly synthesized compounds revealed that compounds could be considered as promising antibacterial agents.     

Evaluation of Pomelo Seed Extracts as Natural Antioxidant,Antibacterial, Herbicidal Agents,and Their Functional Components

Pomelo seeds (PS) are important by-product of pomelo fruits (Citrus grandis Osbeck). The value-added utilization of PS remains highly challenged. This study aimed to investigate the utilization potential of PS as natural antioxidant, antibacterial, herbicidal agents, and their functional components. The ethanolic extract (EE) of PS and its four fractions as PEE (petroleum ether extract), AcOEtE (ethyl acetate extract), BTE (butanol extract), and WE (water extract), were prepared and biologically evaluated. BTE exhibited the best antioxidant activity among all these extracts, in both ABTS (2,2-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) diammonium salt) and FRAP (ferric reducing antioxidant power) assays. AcOEtE was superior to other extracts in herbicidal assay against both Festuca elata Keng (IC₅₀ of 0.48 mg mL⁻¹) and Amaranthus retroflexus L. (IC₅₀ of 0.94 mg mL⁻¹). Meanwhile, both AcOEtE and BTE demonstrated inhibitory effects against Bacillus subtilis, Escherichia coli, and Xanthomonas citri subsp. citri, with MIC ranging 2.5–5.0 mg mL⁻¹. Furthermore, the primary chemical components involving naringin, deacetylnomilin, limonin, nomilin, and obacunone, were quantified in all these extracts. PCA (principal component analysis) suggested that naringin might highly contribute to the antioxidant activity of PS, and the herbicidal activity should be ascribed to limonoids. This study successfully identified AcOEtE and BTE as naturally occurring antioxidant, antibacterial, and herbicidal agents, showing application potential in food and cosmetics industries, and organic farming agriculture.     

Effect of different temperatures to remove reduction gas on the photoluminescence properties of Eu‐doped Li2(Ba1‐xSrx)SiO4 phosphors

In this study, Eu‐doped Li₂(Ba_1‐xSr_x)SiO₄ powders (x = 0, 0.2, 0.4, and 0.6) were synthesized at 850°C in a reduction atmosphere (5% H₂ + 95% N₂) for a duration of 1 h using a solid‐state reaction method. The reduction atmosphere was infused as the synthesis temperature reached 850°C, and was removed as the temperature dropped to 800–500°C. Li₂(Ba_1‐xSr_x)SiO₄ (or Li₂BaSiO₄), (Ba,Sr)₂SiO₄ (or BaSiO₄), and Li₄SiO₄ phases co‐existed in the synthesized Eu‐doped Li₂(Ba_1‐xSr_x)SiO₄ powders. A new finding was that the reduction atmosphere removing (RAR) temperature of the Li₂(Ba_1‐xSr_x)SiO₄ phosphors had a large effect on their photoluminescence excitation (PLE) and PL properties. Except for the 800°C‐RAR‐treated Li₂BaSiO₄ phosphor, PLE spectra of all other Li₂(Ba_1‐xSr_x)SiO₄ phosphors had one broad emission band with two emission peaks centred at ~242 and ~283 nm; these PL spectra had one broad emission band with one emission peak centred at 502–514 nm. We showed that the 800°C‐RAR‐treated Li₂BaSiO₄ phosphor emitted a red light and all other Li₂(Ba_1‐xSr_x)SiO₄ phosphors emitted a green light. Reasons for these results are discussed thoroughly.     

黄粉甲幼虫抗菌物质的诱导及其抗菌活性

采用饥饿法、紫外线照射法和针刺法处理黄粉甲Tenebriomolitor 6龄幼虫后均能诱导其 产生抗菌物质,收集的血淋巴上清液对真菌有抑制作用,对细菌无抑制作用;经热处理后的血 淋巴上清液则对细菌有抑制作用,而对真菌无抑制作用。SDS-PAGE检测结果发现,与未诱导的 对照相比经诱导的黄粉甲幼虫血淋巴中,原有的一类大分子蛋白质如分子量分别为97kD、44 kD和37 kD左右的蛋白质缺失;而ESI-MS分析结果显示诱导后比诱导前黄粉甲幼虫血淋巴中有 小分子物质产生,推测可能是此类缺失蛋白质分解为小分子量的抗菌肽,从而表现出抗菌活性 。     

迷卡斗蟋鸣声的声学特征及其生物学意义

首次利用计算机技术对迷卡斗蟋Velarifictorus micado (Saussure)的鸣声特征 及其生物学意义进行了研究。结果表明：迷卡斗蟋在不同性比条件下,鸣声的声学特征不同。雄性独处时发出召唤声;2只以上的雄性在一起时会发出警戒声、挑战声或胜利声;1雄1雌在一起时会发出欢迎声、求爱声,如果雌性不理会雄性的求爱时则会发出一种催促声。利用计算机 ,除了对人们用耳辨别的3种鸣声（召唤声、求偶声和争斗声）进行客观记录外,还可以对以前所称的“求偶声”和“争斗声”进行更细致地分析和比较。根据其生物学意义,作者首次将其 鸣声分为7种,并对这7种鸣声在功率谱和时域两方面进行了比较,发现迷卡斗蟋在不同行为下 有不同的鸣声特征,传递不同的信息。     

海洋真菌抗病原菌生物活性物质的研究

对分离自大连海域的海洋生物共附生真菌进行了抗菌活性的初筛与复筛,发现有6株具有抗表皮葡萄球菌和铜绿假单胞菌的活性,发现培养基成分及培养方式对活性菌株抗菌物质的产生有显著影响。菌株11-N2抗菌活性最强,其发酵液抗表皮葡萄球菌的效价相当于为氨苄青霉素11.4 U/mL,抗铜绿假单胞菌的效价相当于氨苄青霉素6.0 U/mL。通过硅胶柱层析对该菌株提取物的抗菌活性成分进行了初步追踪,发现二氯甲烷∶甲醇=15∶1洗脱组分具有最强活性,薄层层析显示该组分主要成分在254 nm紫外光下具有强吸收,薄层显色反应提示其主要成分可能为含胺基的甾体或三萜类、有机胺类、吲哚衍生物类化合物。