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61.
Scavenging of superoxide radical by ascorbic acid 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Using acetaldehyde and xanthine oxidase as the source of suPeroxide radical, the second order rate constant for the reaction
between ascorbic acid and superoxide radical was estimated to be 8.2 X 107 M-1 s-1. In rats, the average tissue concentration of ascorbic acid was of the order of 10-3 M and that of superoxide dismutase was of the order of 10-6 M. So, taking together both the rate constants and the tissue concentrations, the efficacy of ascorbic acid for scavenging
superoxide radical in animal tissues appears to be better than that of suPeroxide dismutase. The significance of ascorbic
acid as a scavenger of superoxide radical has been discussed from the point of view of the evolution of ascorbic acid synthesizing
capacity of terrestrial vertebrates. 相似文献
62.
63.
Effect of rainstorms on heterotrophic bacterial activity in a hypertrophic African lake 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
Richard D. Robarts 《Hydrobiologia》1987,148(3):281-286
Hartbeespoort Dam is a hypertrophic man-made lake which is located in the Transvaal Province of South Africa. This region has recently experienced its most severe drought of the century. However, on three occasions in the summer rainy seasons of 1984 and 1985, major rainfalls (> 50 mm) occurred which caused large inflows to the lake. Inflowing river water entered as a density current causing marked silting of the water. Within the epilimnion (0–10 m) prior to these rainfalls there was usually no variation of bacterial numbers with depth, but heterotrophic bacterial activity (glucose uptake) decreased with depth concomitant with primary production. With the increased river inflow bacterial numbers did not increase but bacterial activity at the bottom of the epilimnion (10 m) increased to as high as 2.7 µg C l–1 h–1 in January 1985, reversing the depth profile of bacterial activity within the epilimnion. This resulted in decreased glucose concentrations (Kt + Sn) and turnover times. Heterotrophic activity per cell increased by between 2.5 and 5 times. These data demonstrate that storm events are important phenomena causing short-term changes in the metabolic activity of planktonic heterotrophic bacteria in lakes. 相似文献
64.
The influence of diet on the growth of Stenonema vicarium (Walker) (Ephemeroptera: Heptageniidae) 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
Laboratory studies compared the growth rate of Stenonema vicarium (Walker) nymphs on diets of detritus and natural stream periphyton. In three consecutive runs of the experiment, growth rates
were consistently higher on periphyton (mean growth rate = 2.1% wet wt. d−1) than detritus (mean = 1.8% wet wt. d−1). The starting date of each run also significantly influenced growth rates. In each treatment growth rates generally decreased
over the course of the 3 runs, and ca. one-half of the nymphs in the last run did not molt or grow. It appeared that growth
of S. vicarium may be partially controlled by seasonal factors. 相似文献
65.
66.
M. W. A. Verstegen A. Siegerink W. Van der Hel R. Geers C. Brandsma 《Journal of thermal biology》1987,12(4):257-261
The aim of the experiments was to investigate the effect of air velocity on the temperature preferred by growing pigs 12–14 weeks old. Pigs displayed a temperature preference by means of operant supplemental heating. They pushed a button connected to heating lamps. Six experiments of three weeks each and with two treatments with a group of 8 pigs each were made. Animals were housed in groups and weighed 14–20 kg at the start of the experiments. Air velocity was 0.08, 0.25 and 0.40 m/s. At each air velocity four replicates were made. Mean temperatures preferred were 17.9°C at 0.08 m/s, 20.5°C at 0.25 m/s and 21.7°C at 0.40 m/s. Within a day temperature preference fluctuated with 5.7 K at 0.08 m/s, 4.3 K at 0.25 m/s and 4.2 K at 0.4 m/s. Temperatures preferred were highest during day time. 相似文献
67.
人体单臂间歇运动对发汗调定点的影响 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
本工作系在微小气候相对恒定条件下,对10名健康男青年每人进行四项实验。实验 Ⅰ 为测定双侧腿足浸入43℃水中,诱发左前臂屈侧显现定量汗点时的口腔温度(舌下)阈值,作为发汗调定点参考值(ToSSP);实验 Ⅱ 为 Ⅰ 附加右臂间歇轻负荷运动(77W)时测定 ToSSP,部分对象还记录了皮肤电反应;实验 Ⅲ、Ⅳ 为 Ⅰ、Ⅱ 均附加4.5m/s 气流(22—25℃)直吹头面部,再分别测定 ToSSP。实验 Ⅰ 与 Ⅱ 同体对照22人次,Ⅲ 与 Ⅳ 同体对照24人次。结果表明,实验 Ⅱ、Ⅳ 的 ToSSP 均值及其潜伏期均值分别较 Ⅰ、Ⅲ 者降低(P<0.01)或缩短(P<0.001);Ⅰ、Ⅱ间的 ToSSP 均值差、潜伏期均值差,分别与 Ⅲ、Ⅳ 之间者无显著差异(P>0.2);Ⅱ、Ⅳ 的ToSSP 均值各与其实验开始前的口温均值亦无明显差异(P>0.5)。此结果支持运动时体温调定点下降的论点,并提示在研究体温调定点活动时,以 ToSSP 为指标较用发汗速率为优越,因 ToSSP 不为许多干扰因素所影响。 相似文献
68.
69.
Kyriacos Athanasiou Iordanis Arzimanoglou Colette Piccoli Hiroshi Yamasaki 《Cell biology and toxicology》1987,3(3):251-261
Airborne particulates were collected over a period of twelve months by the use of Hi-Vol samplers in the basin of Athens, Greece. N-Hexane extracts were tested in a battery ofin vitro tests for their ability to induce mutation in bacteria as well as mutation, sister chromatid exchange and morphological transformation in cultured mammalian cells. Positive results were found for mutagenicity withSalmonella strain TA98 in the Ames assay, for sister chromatid exchange induction in CHO cells and for transformation in BALB/c 3T3 cells in culture. They also showed weak non-doserelated induction of ouabain resistance in BALB/c 3T3 cells. The contribution of oxidizing and nitrating agents found in the Athens atmosphere, together with sunlight UV irradiation in the formation of direct acting mutagens and potential carcinogens from ambient polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, is suggested.Abbreviations FCS
fetal calf serum
- FPG
fluorescent-plus-Giemsa technique
- ouaR
ouabain resistant
- PAH
polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon
- SCE
sister chromatid exchange
- TSP
total suspended particulate 相似文献
70.