组蛋白变异体H2A.Z的研究进展

H2A.Z是组蛋白H2A的变异体之一,是高度保守的组蛋白变异体,参与保护常染色体,防止形成异染色质;并且与转录调节、抗沉默、沉默和基因组稳定性有关。组蛋白变异体H2A.Z可能与染色体形成独立的结构域,从而调节染色质结构功能。但是,H2A.Z对染色体结构功能的作用机制还不是很清楚。组蛋白变异体H2A.Z和它的表观遗传修饰对染色体动态结构和功能起重要的作用。该文将对组蛋白变异体H2A.Z进行综述。     

Correlation analysis of clinical parameters with epigenetic modifications in the DUX4 promoter in FSHD

The aim of our study was to identify relationships between epigenetic parameters correlating with a relaxed chromatin state of the DUX4 promoter region and clinical severity as measured by a clinical severity score or muscle pathologic changes in D4Z4 contraction-dependent (FSHD1) and –independent (FSHD2) facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy patients. Twenty primary fibroblast (5 control, 10 FSHD1 and 5 FSHD2) and 26 primary myoblast (9 control, 12 FSHD1 and 5 FSHD2) cultures originating from patients with FSHD and controls were analyzed. Histone modification levels were determined by chromatin immunoprecipitation. We examined correlations between the chromatin compaction score (ChCS) defined by the H3K9me3:H3K4me2 ratio and an age corrected clinical severity score (CSS) or muscle pathology score (MPS). Possible relationships were investigated using linear regression analysis and significance was tested by Pearson’s product-moment coefficient.   We found a significant difference of the ChCS between controls and patients with FSHD1 and between controls and patients with FSHD2. Tissue specific differences in ChCS were also observed. We also found a near-significant relationship between ChCS and the age corrected CSS in fibroblasts but not in myoblasts. Surprisingly, we found a strong correlation between the MPS of the vastus lateralis and the CSS. Our results confirm the D4Z4 chromatin relaxation previously shown to be associated with FSHD in a small number of samples. A possible relationship between clinical and epigenetic parameters could be established in patient fibroblasts, but not in myoblasts. The strong correlation between the MPS of the vastus lateralis and the CSS suggests that this muscle can be used to study for surrogate markers of overall disease severity.     

秀叶苏铁——广西苏铁属一新种

本文发表了一苏铁属新种,即秀叶苏铁,对其特征进行了阐述。     

四川石斛属一新种

描述了四川夹江（兰科）石斛属植物一新种,即夹江石斛。     

野生植物甜菜树嫩茎叶的营养成分分析

甜菜树[Yunnanopilia longistaminea(W.Z.Li)C.Y.Wuet D.Z.Li]为山柚子科(Opiliaceae)甜菜树属(YunnanopiliaC.Y.Wu et D.Z.Li)植物,小乔木,主要分布于云南红河谷地区海拔1 000～1 400 m的河谷密林中,邻近的云南东南部和广西西南部也有分布[1].每年3-8月间当地民众主要采食其嫩茎叶,炒食、做汤或腌制都鲜甜爽口,一直是当地非常受欢迎的特色野菜,鲜菜市场价格远高于一般栽培蔬菜和野生蔬菜的价格,且供不应求,具有广阔的市场开发前景.本文对甜菜树可食部分嫩茎叶的水分、灰分、总酸、总糖、碳水化合物、粗蛋白质、粗脂肪、Vc、氨基酸及矿物质含量进行了分析,为甜菜树的开发利用提供科学依据.     

海菜花（水鳖科）-新变种-嵩明海菜花

报道了海菜花-新变种-嵩明海菜花（Ottelia acuminata var．songmingensis Z．T．Jiang,H．Li et Z．L．Dao）。该变种与原变种的区别在于叶片带状厚纸质,不透明,叶尖钝圆或具短尖。     

绿绒蒿属一新变种

报道了绿绒蒿属一新变种,即椭圆叶红花绿绒蒿(MeconopsispuniceaMaxim.var.ellipticaZ.J.Cui etY.Sh.Lian)。     

大戟科植物学名订正

大戟科(Euphorbiaceae)是被子植物中的大科,是热带植物区系中的重要成分,还有橡胶[Hevea brasiliensis (Willd. ex A. Juss.) Muell. Arg.]、木薯(Manihot esculenta Crantz.)、油桐[Vernicia fordii (Hemsl.) Airy Shaw]等重要的粮食、经济植物和巴豆(Croton tiglium L.)、大戟(Euphorbia pekinensis Rupr.)、余甘子(Phyllanthus emblica L.)等常用药用植物,是一个具有重要经济价值的植物类群.