Biphasic effect of cryosurgery of the prostate on lymphocyte proliferation

In a preliminary study, cryosurgery of the prostate in patients with prostatic cancer has been observed to possess a biphasic effect on the proliferative responsiveness of peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) to the plant mitogen, phytohaemagglutinin. Phytohaemagglutinin-stimulated PBL cultured in autologous serum obtained up to 1 week postoperatively showed reduction from their preoperative levels. In contrast, cultures in homologous serum showed increased responsiveness following cryosurgery. Although depression of lymphocyte proliferation in autologous serum was transitory, gradually returning to approximate or exceeding levels of lymphocytic reactivity observed preoperatively, such depression may facilitate reduced host surveillance to potential infectious agents and to metastatic tumour cells, leading to an alteration of tumour-host homeostasis. Further studies will be required to delineate the possible clinical significance of the present observations.     

Rabbit myocardial membrane Ca2+-adenosine triphosphatase activity: stimulation in vitro by thyroid hormone

The in vitro stimulation of human and rabbit erythrocyte membrane Ca2+-ATPase activity by physiological concentrations of thyroid hormone has recently been described. To extend these observations to a nucleated cell model, Ca2+-ATPase activity in a membrane preparation obtained from rabbit myocardium has been studied. Activity of 5'-nucleotidase in the preparation was increased 26-fold over that of myocardial homogenate, consistent with enrichment by sarcolemma. Mean basal enzyme activity in membranes from nine animals was 20.8 +/- 3.3 mumol Pi mg membrane protein-1 90 min-1, approximately 20-fold the activity described in rabbit red cell membranes. Exposure of heart membranes in vitro to L-thyroxine (T4) (10(-10)M) increased Ca2+-ATPase activity to 29.2 +/- 3.8 mumol Pi (P less than 0.001). Dose-response studies conducted with T4 showed that maximal stimulatory response was obtained at 10(-10) M). Hormonal stimulation was comparable for L-T4 and triiodo-L-thyronine (T3) (10(-10) M). Tetraiodothyroacetic acid was without biological activity, whereas triiodothyroacetic acid and D-T4, each at 10(-10) M, significantly decreased enzyme activity compared to control (basal) levels. The action of L-T4 on myocardial membrane Ca2+-ATPase activity was inhibited by trifluoperazine (100 microM) and the naphthalenesulfonamide W-7 (50-100 microM), compounds that block actions of calmodulin, the protein activator of membrane-associated Ca2+-ATPase. Radioimmunoassay revealed the presence of calmodulin (1.4 micrograms/mg membrane protein-1) in the myocardial membrane fraction and 0.35 micrograms/mg-1 in cytosol. Myocardial Ca2+-ATPase activity, apparently of sarcolemmal origin, is thus thyroid hormone stimulable. The hormonal responsiveness of this calcium pump-associated enzyme requires calmodulin.     

Cryosurgery of the rabbit prostate. Comparison of the immune response of immature and mature bucks

The intensity and specificity of the immune response developed following each of three independent in situ freezing insults of the coagulating gland (anterior prostate) of immature male rabbits have been compared to that obtained following similar cryostimulation of the coagulating gland of mature bucks by the methods of tanned cell haemagglutination and gel diffusion precipitation. Results of this study offer confirmation to the previously demonstrated secondary or anamnestic immune response observed following multiple freezing of the rabbit coagulating gland and indicate further that the size and physiological status of the coagulating gland, i.e., the concentration of coagulating gland secretory autoantigens, are among the important variables in determining the cryosensitivity of a given animal. This cryosensitivity may be of particular significance in the prospective treatment of patients with prostatic cancer by cryoimmunotherapy. That is, the development of an immune response in such patients may reasonably be related to the concentration and subsequent release of prostatic tumourspecific or tumour-associated antigens.     

Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) and indomethacin therapy in premature infants with paten ductus arterious (PDA)

Recent studies suggested that prostaglandins (PGs) may play a role in the pathogenesis of retinopathy of prematuriry (ROP). To evaluate if PGs inhibitor, indomethacin, would affect the incidence or severity of the ble-blind controlled study of indomethacin for the closure of PDA. Twenty-three were in the control group and 24 in the indometchin group. Indirect ophthalmospic examinations wee performed from about 4 weeks of postnatal age and onward and needed. There was no significant differences between the groups with respect to birth weight, gestational age, postnatal age, Apgar score, and cardiopulmonary status shortly after birth and at the time of study.Six in the control and 2 in the indomethacin group (p=0.58) developed active ROP; one in each group developed cicatricial ROP. It appears that with current doses of therapy, indomethacin does not increase the incidence or severity of ROP.     

Enhancing a regional vegetation map with predictive models of dominant plant species in chaparral

Abstract. Data from more than 900 vegetation plots surveyed in the evergreen shrublands of southern California were used to develop predictions of the distributions of eight dominant shrub species for a 3880 km² region. The predictions, based on classification tree (CT) models, were validated using independent field data collected during a vegetation survey conducted in the 1930s. Presence and absence were correctly predicted an average of 75% of the time for the eight species. At the same time, these models minimized false positives, so that presence was predicted in the correct proportion of the cases for most species. The areal proportion of the landscape on which the species were predicted to occur was in the same rank order, and of the same magnitude, as their frequency (proportion of plots in which they occurred) within the field data sets. Predictive maps of species presence were overlaid and combined with an existing regional vegetation map. The shrub species ‘assemblages’ that resulted from this procedure had analogs with vegetation series defined using field data in previous studies. The resulting multiple species map will be used in a landscape simulation model of fire disturbance and succession.     

基于3DLP指数的景观格局演变及预测分析

采用1987、1999、2009和2017年四期Landsat TM/OLI数据,结合GIS和RS技术,从类型和景观层面计算安化县四个年度的3DLP指数,分析安化县近30年来景观格局的动态演变并利用CA-Markov模型对2025年景观格局演变进行模拟和预测,为推动该县今后生态环境的进一步恢复和改善提供指导。结果表明:(1)林地是安化县的优势景观,对安化县景观的主控作用强。(2)从不同景观类型来看,1987—2017年期间安化县各景观破碎化情况均有所缓解,其中建设用地、林地面积增加,草地、水域、农地面积减少;林地、水域边界形状趋于简单化,建设用地、草地边界形状趋向复杂化,农地边界形状受人类活动影响较小。(3)从整体景观来看,安化县景观格局的演变主要是受到人为因素的影响,1999年整体边界形状变得更为规则,同时破碎化程度、景观异构性以及多样性有所提高。1999—2017年各类景观类型的面积比例差异增大,破碎化程度以及景观异质程度降低,优势景观类型份额增加。(4)根据预测结果来看,安化县整体趋向均衡化发展,边界形状趋向规则化,景观异质性程度降低,各类景观类型的面积比例差异减小,林地出现被其他景观蚕食分割的趋势,因此需要进一步提高对林地的重视和保护,限制其他景观类型对林地的干扰。     

浙江省庆元县鸟类多样性分布格局与季节变化研究

于2019年12月至2020年11月采用样线法对浙江省庆元县县域鸟的种类、生境、分布状况进行调查,本次调查共记录鸟类154种,隶属15目46科110属。鸟类物种组成以留鸟为主,其中留鸟93种（60.39%）、夏候鸟21种（13.64%）、冬候鸟21种（13.64%）、旅鸟19种（12.33%）。本次调查共记录到16种受威胁鸟类,鸟类资源的保护价值高。对空间分布格局分析表明,在水平方向上鸟类物种丰富度总体较高,百山祖国家公园（试点）内与国家公园（试点）外其他区域的物种数差异较小;在垂直方向上随着海拔的上升大致呈现先升高后下降的中峰模式。在调查样线的1 000 m缓冲尺度上,鸟类物种数和Pielou均匀度指数与灌丛面积占比呈显著正相关。各季节鸟类丰富度从高到低排序为：春季>秋季>夏季>冬季。本研究丰富了庆元县的鸟类本底资料,也为庆元县进行生物多样性保护决策提供了科学依据。     

Separation of dipeptides by high-resolution gas chromatography on a fused silica capillary column after trimethylsilylation

Separation of trimethylsilyl derivatives of over 50 dipeptides was achieved by high-resolution gas chromatography using a fused silica capillary column coated with methyl silicone liquid phase. Excellent peak symmetry and reproducibility were obtained. Several pairs of sequence isomeric dipeptides could also be well separated. Application of this approach to peptide sequencing by means of the dipeptidyl aminopeptidase-gas chromatography/mass spectrometry method is also discussed.     

盐源县小高山林业有害昆虫红脂大小蠹风险性评估

[目的] 针对盐源小高山林业有害昆虫红脂大小蠹进行风险性评估，为该地区开展红脂大小蠹的防控、监测预警和风险管理提供依据。[方法] 采用多指标综合评价法、风险分析方法，对影响红脂大小蠹的分布、传入定殖扩散、潜在危害、受害寄主经济重要性、危险性管理难度这5个因素进行分析，经查阅文献，并综合考虑红脂大小蠹在"国外、国内和盐源小高山"的分布对综合评价值R的影响，通过调整地理分布在评估系统的权重，进而优化评估体系，提出风险评估量化指标体系，计算红脂大小蠹的风险性分值。[结果] 盐源县小高山红脂大小蠹的风险性分值为2.05，为高度危险发生害虫。[结论] 红脂大小蠹已对盐源县小高山地区的云南松林造成一定的危害，应加强监测预警，防控其危害进一步扩大，为林业生态安全提供保障。