The Striped Squirrel (Tamiops swinhoei hainanus) as a Nectar Robber of Ginger (Alpinia kwangsiensisy)

Nectar robbing by squirrels is reported for the first time in the striped squirrel (Tamiops swinhoei hainanus), which was found robbing nectar from ginger plants (Alpinia kwangsiensis) in tropical forests of south Yunnan, China. We describe the behavior of squirrels visiting inflorescences, and we compare the fruit set of inflorescences visited by squirrels with that of inflorescences not subject to nectar robbing by squirrels. Most of the styles of robbed flowers were damaged and the affected plants exhibited reduced fruit set.     

西双版纳青梅林的群落学研究

本文对分布在西双版纳勐腊县南部以龙脑香科植物版纳青梅为标志树种的热带森林作了群落学分析,认为它具有热带雨林的结构和基本特征,在性质上属于热带季节雨林。由于分布海拔偏高和生境特殊,它的上层乔木几乎常绿,在外貌上与望天树林和本地区典型的季节雨林有一定差异,在区系组成上向山地雨林过渡,它表现为一种季节雨林向山地雨林过渡的类型,同时也是一种热带北缘地区季节雨林的海拔极限类型。     

西双版纳片断热带雨林中鸟类物种多样性研究

１９９３年１０－１１月和１９９４年３－５月在西双版纳轻俄龙山、城子龙山、曼养广龙山及保护区对照样地行鸟类调查时,观察到鸟类１０４种,隶属２７科,另４亚科,８目,香农多样性指数以保护区对照照样地为最高,曼俄龙山和龙山为次,曼养广龙山为最低     

西双版纳热带雨林中榕树动物群落结构与多样性研究

榕树是西双版纳热带雨林生态系统中的一个关键植物类群,在该类植物中,形成了以榕树果实、叶片、枝杆、枯枝落叶、土壤为食物、栖息、繁殖环境和帮助榕树授粉、传播种子的动物群落;榕树和动物之间形成了互相依赖、协同共存、互保发展的紧密关系。     

西双版纳野生绿孔雀种群数量及分布现状调查

绿孔雀（Ｐａｖｏｍｕｔｉｃｕｓ）在世界共３个亚种,其中Ｐ．ｍｕｔｉｃｕｓｉｍｐｅｒａｔｏｒ主要分布于我国云南、缅甸东部、泰国和印度等地［１～３］。三十多年前,在西双版纳的大部分地区均有该种的分布,是有名的“孔雀之乡”［４］。随着人类经济活动的影响,云...     

西双版纳土地的不同管理方式对植物多样性的影响评价探讨

 现代生物多样性的迅速丧失主要是由于对土地的不合理利用所致,因此对土地的合理利用被认为是生物多样性有效保护的基础。西双版纳是我国植物多样性最丰富的地区之一,然而,由于土地利用的变化,植物多样性也不同程度受到影响。为探讨土地利用对生物多样性的影响,本文在样方调查的基础上,运用定量的方法计算西双版纳主要的土地利用方式对生物多样性的影响指数(I=l/E,E=log10(V3·s·e,r))进行计算,发现对植物多样性的影响依次为：单一的橡胶种植园、橡胶+茶叶、橡胶+菠萝、家庭庭园、寺庙庭园、天然林下砂仁的种植、丢荒(8年)的轮歇地、集体林、龙山林和保护区。因此,要有效保护西双版纳的生物多样性,一是要保护好现存的自然保护区与传统信仰林,二是在土地开发利用时要推广既有较好的经济和社会效益,同时又有较好的生态效益的混农林技术。     

Pollination mutualism between a new species of the genus Colocasiomyia de Meijere (Diptera: Drosophilidae) and Steudnera colocasiifolia (Araceae) in Yunnan, China

A new species of the genus Colocasiomyia de Meijere (Diptera: Drosophilidae) was discovered from inflorescences of Steudnera colocasiifolia K. Koch (Araceae) in Yunnan, China. The new species is described as Colocasiomyia steudnerae Takenaka and Toda, sp. nov., and we investigated the reproductive ecology of both the fly and the plant species. This fly species reproduces in the inflorescences/infructescences of the plant, and depends almost throughout its entire life cycle on the host plant. The fly species is the most abundant flower visitor for S. colocasiifolia and behaves intimately with the flowering events, suggesting that it is the unique and most efficient pollinator for the host plant. Bagging (insect‐exclusion) treatment of inflorescences resulted in no fruits. These findings strongly suggest that intimate pollination mutualism has evolved between the fly and the host plant, as are known in other Colocasiomyia flies and Araceae plants. One notable feature of this system is that the new species almost monopolizes the host‐plant inflorescence as a visitor, without any cohabiting Colocasiomyia species. In comparison to other cases where two Colocasiomyia species share the same inflorescence and infructescence of Araceae host plants for reproduction by separating their breeding niches microallopatrically between the staminate (upper male‐flower) and the pistillate (lower female‐flower) regions on the spadix, C. steudnerae exhibits a mixture of stamenicolous and pistillicolous breeding habits.     

西双版纳三岔河地区野生亚洲象的个体识别、种群数量和活动特点

2004 年10 月至2005 年10 月,在云南西双版纳三岔河野象谷用直接观察、拍照、摄像等方法直接记录野生亚洲象的形态学特征,通过耳、门齿、背、尾、疤痕、面部骨骼等特征对经过本地区的象群和独象进行个体识别并建立个体信息库。直接观测记录野象524 头次,通过照片资料和访问间接记录289 头次,识别为46 头个体,由7 个家族(庭)群共38 头和8 头单独活动的雄象组成;发现象群和独象的活动具有季节性;不同象群在野象谷的活动频次差异显著;象群大小和其在本地区的活动频率之间呈明显的正相关。