全文获取类型
收费全文 | 273篇 |
免费 | 3篇 |
国内免费 | 15篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 1篇 |
2023年 | 8篇 |
2022年 | 2篇 |
2021年 | 11篇 |
2020年 | 11篇 |
2019年 | 15篇 |
2018年 | 4篇 |
2017年 | 6篇 |
2016年 | 11篇 |
2015年 | 4篇 |
2014年 | 9篇 |
2013年 | 10篇 |
2012年 | 2篇 |
2011年 | 1篇 |
2010年 | 2篇 |
2009年 | 13篇 |
2008年 | 17篇 |
2007年 | 19篇 |
2006年 | 19篇 |
2005年 | 9篇 |
2004年 | 3篇 |
2003年 | 6篇 |
2002年 | 1篇 |
2001年 | 9篇 |
2000年 | 10篇 |
1999年 | 17篇 |
1998年 | 12篇 |
1997年 | 14篇 |
1996年 | 3篇 |
1995年 | 1篇 |
1994年 | 1篇 |
1993年 | 1篇 |
1992年 | 1篇 |
1991年 | 1篇 |
1990年 | 2篇 |
1989年 | 1篇 |
1988年 | 1篇 |
1984年 | 5篇 |
1983年 | 8篇 |
1982年 | 5篇 |
1981年 | 1篇 |
1980年 | 1篇 |
1979年 | 2篇 |
1978年 | 1篇 |
1977年 | 2篇 |
1976年 | 3篇 |
1975年 | 1篇 |
1974年 | 2篇 |
1973年 | 1篇 |
1972年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有291条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
31.
Construction of an integrated consensus map of the apple genome based on four mapping populations 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
A. N’Diaye W. E. Van de Weg L. P. Kodde B. Koller F. Dunemann M. Thiermann S. Tartarini F. Gennari C. E. Durel 《Tree Genetics & Genomes》2008,4(4):727-743
An integrated consensus genetic map for apple was constructed on the basis of segregation data from four genetically connected crosses (C1?=?Discovery × TN10-8, C2?=?Fiesta × Discovery, C3?=?Discovery × Prima, C4?=?Durello di Forli × Fiesta) with a total of 676 individuals using CarthaGene® software. First, integrated female–male maps were built for each population using common female–male simple sequence repeat markers (SSRs). Then, common SSRs over populations were used for the consensus map integration. The integrated consensus map consists of 1,046 markers, of which 159 are SSR markers, distributed over 17 linkage groups reflecting the basic chromosome number of apple. The total length of the integrated consensus map was 1,032 cM with a mean distance between adjacent loci of 1.1 cM. Markers were proportionally distributed over the 17 linkage groups (χ 2?=?16.53, df?=?16, p?=?0.41). A non-uniform marker distribution was observed within all of the linkage groups (LGs). Clustering of markers at the same position (within a 1-cM window) was observed throughout LGs and consisted predominantly of only two to three linked markers. The four integrated female–male maps showed a very good colinearity in marker order for their common markers, except for only two (CH01h01, CH05g03) and three (CH05a02z, NZ02b01, Lap-1) markers on LG17 and LG15, respectively. This integrated consensus map provides a framework for performing quantitative trait locus (QTL) detection in a multi-population design and evaluating the genetic background effect on QTL expression. 相似文献
32.
Molecular genetics of puroindolines and related genes: regulation of expression,membrane binding properties and applications 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
Kernel texture of wheat is a primary determinant of its technological properties. Soft kernel texture phenotype results when
the Puroindoline a and Puroindoline b genes are present and encode the wild-type puroindolines PINA and PINB, respectively, and various mutations in either or
both gene(s) result in hard phenotypes. A wealth of information is now available that furthers our understanding regarding
the spatial and temporal regulation of expression of Puroindoline genes. Through the use of model membranes and synthetic peptides we also have a clearer understanding of the significance
of the cysteine backbone, the tryptophan-rich domain (TRD) and the helicoid tertiary structures of PIN proteins in relation
to their membrane-active properties. Many studies suggest individual yet co-operative modes of action of the PIN proteins
in determining kernel texture, and significant evidence is accumulating that the proteins have in vivo and in vitro antimicrobial
activities, shedding light on the biological roles of this unique ensemble of proteins. The puroindolines are now being explored
for grain kernel texture modifications as well as antimicrobial activities. 相似文献
33.
Paula Alayón-Luaces Eduardo A. Pagano Luis A. Mroginski Gabriel O. Sozzi 《Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture》2008,95(3):257-263
α-l-Arabinofuranosidase, α- and β-d-xylosidase, and β-d-glucosidase activity was detected in the soluble fraction (S-F) extracted with water and in the NaCl-released fraction (NaCl-F)
extracted with a high-salt concentration buffer from apple callus cultures. The activity was found to be differentially modulated
by the addition of various plant growth regulators (PGRs) to calluses that had lost their requirement for specific PGRs (“habituation”
phenomenon). α-l-Arabinofuranosidase activity was 93%, 130%, 126% and 186% higher in the NaCl-F from IAA-, IBA-, ABA- and GA3-treated callus than in that extracted from untreated callus while S-F α-l-arabinofuranosidase activity was only 71%, 24%, 55% and 66% higher, respectively. α-d-Xylosidase displayed low activity levels in both S-F and NaCl-F but 2iP-treated callus showed higher α-d-xylosidase activity in both fractions than the control. 2,4-D increased α-d-xylosidase activity by 110% in the NaCl-F but decreased it by 40% in the S-F. β-d-Xylosidase activity increased by 99% in S-F from 2iP-treated callus but slightly decreased in the NaCl-F. In GA3-treated callus, NaCl-F β-d-xylosidase activity increased by 188%. S-F and NaCl-F from Picloram-treated callus showed undetectable or only slightly noticeable
α-l-arabinofuranosidase, α-d-xylosidase and β-d-xylosidase activity. Interestingly, β-d-glucosidase activity rose 28-fold in the S-F extracted from Picloram-treated callus. β-d-glucosidase was the only enzyme assayed that greatly increased its NaCl-F activity after 10 subcultures, and the addition
of any PGR to the callus culture –except for Picloram and ABA– decreased its activity, suggesting that this enzyme may be
associated with certain stress conditions, such as PGR starvation or Picloram addition. This is the first report on glycoside
hydrolases from fruit callus as modulated by different PGRs. 相似文献
34.
Caiyun He Jianguo Zhang Aiguo Duan Shuxing Zheng Honggang Sun Lihua Fu 《Trees - Structure and Function》2008,22(6):803-813
Proteomic analysis provides a powerful method of studying plant responses to stress at the protein level. In order to study
stress-responsive molecular mechanisms for Populus × euramericana cv. ‘74/76’, one of the most important forest plantation tree species in subtropical and temperate regions, we analyzed the
response of 2-year-old cuttings of P. × euramericana cv. ‘74/76’ to drought and high temperature using two-dimensional gel electrophoresis. More than 1,000 reproducible leaf
proteins were detected in the controls and treatments, and 26 proteins were found to change notably in abundance. We identified
13 proteins affected by drought stress and 11 proteins affected by high temperature. These proteins are mainly involved in
photosynthesis such as ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase large subunit and putative photosystem I reaction center
subunit II precursor, and detoxification (manganese superoxide dismutase and methionine sulfoxide reductase A). Furthermore,
the level of the photosynthesis proteins affected greatly by the imposed stress conditions was consistent with the observed
noticeable decrease in net photosynthesis rate. These studies provides a fundamental data for future research on responses
to drought and high temperature, two major factors limiting the growth of forest trees during summer under recent climatic
warming. 相似文献
35.
T. Yamamoto T. Kimura Y. Sawamura K. Kotobuki Y. Ban T. Hayashi N. Matsuta 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》2001,102(6-7):865-870
Apple simple sequence repeats (SSRs) were intergenerically applied to the characterization of 36 pear accessions, including
19 Japanese pears (Pyrus pyrifolia), 7 Chinese pears (P. bretschneideri, P. ussuriensis), 5 European pears (P. communis), 3 wild relatives (P. calleryana), and 2 hybrids between P. pyrifolia and P. communis. All of the tested SSR primers derived from apple produced discrete amplified fragments in all pear accessions. Nucleotide
repeats were detected in the amplified bands by both Southern blot and sequencing analysis, and nucleotide sequences of pear
were compared with those of apple. The differences in fragment size among pear or between pear and apple were, in many cases,
due to the differences in repeat number. Interestingly, the DNA sequence of flanking regions in apple was highly conserved
in pear. Hybrids from P. pyrifolia×P. communis showed one fragment inherited from each parent in all scorable cases, which suggested that each primer pair amplified fragments
originating from the same locus. A total of 79 alleles were detected from seven SSR loci in pear, and all pear varieties except
for the mutants could be differentiated. In conclusion, SSRs isolated from apple are highly conserved in pear and could be
utilized as DNA markers in the latter genus.
Received: 17 July 2000 / Accepted: 22 September 2000 相似文献
36.
Mapping of quantitative trait loci controlling adaptive traits in coastal Douglas-fir. I. Timing of vegetative bud flush 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
K. D. Jermstad D. L. Bassoni K. S. Jech N. C. Wheeler D. B. Neale 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》2001,102(8):1142-1151
Thirty three unique quantitative trait loci (QTLs) affecting the timing of spring bud flush have been identified in an intraspecific
mapping population of coastal Douglas-fir [Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco var. menziesii]. Both terminal and lateral bud flush were measured over a 4-year period on clonal replicates at two test sites, allowing
for the repeated estimation of QTLs. QTLs were detected on 12 linkage groups and, in general, each explained a small proportion
of the total phenotypic variance and were additive in effect. Several QTLs influence the timing of bud flush over multiple
years, supporting earlier evidence that the timing of bud flush through developmental stages is under moderate to strong genetic
control by the same suite of genes through developmental stages. However, only a few QTLs controlling the timing of bud flush
were detected at both test sites, suggesting that geographic location plays a major role in the phenology of spring growth.
A small number of QTLs with year and site interactions were also estimated.
Received: 20 July 2000 / Accepted: 19 October 2000 相似文献
37.
We assessed the effects of prescribed burning and cutting on mouflon (Ovis gmelini musimon × Ovis sp.) spring habitat using an experimental design (17.28 ha) of 2 burned, 2 cut, and 2 untreated plots within a homogeneous stand dominated by heather (Erica cinerea and Calluna vulgaris). Overall, we found a shift in treated plots from ligneous species to herbaceous species with high digestive and energetic values for mouflon. We also found a consistently higher number of mouflon feeding on these treated habitats compared to untreated plots. Such effects were still apparent 4 years after habitat modifications. Our approaches could be used by managers to improve and maintain the range of mouflon populations experiencing habitat loss (e.g., woody plant encroachment) and for which the condition of an animal has often a high economical value through trophy hunting. © 2011 The Wildlife Society. 相似文献
38.
《Animal : an international journal of animal bioscience》2014,8(6):867-876
The objective of this study was to define different terminal sire flock environments, based on a range of environmental factors, and then investigate the presence of genotype by environment interactions (G×E) between the environments identified. Data from 79 different terminal sire flocks (40 Texel, 21 Charollais and 18 Suffolk), were analysed using principal coordinate and non-hierarchical cluster analyses, the results of which identified three distinct environmental cluster groups. The type of grazing, climatic conditions and the use of vitamins and mineral supplements were found to be the most important factors in the clustering of flocks. The presence of G×E was then investigated using data from the Charollais flocks only. Performance data were collected for 12 181 lambs, between 1990 and 2010, sired by 515 different sires. Fifty six of the sires had offspring in at least two of the three different cluster groups and pedigree information was available for a total of 161 431 animals. Traits studied were the 21-week old weight (21WT), ultrasound muscle depth (UMD) and log transformed backfat depth (LogUFD). Heritabilities estimated for each cluster, for each trait, ranged from 0.32 to 0.45. Genetic correlations estimated between Cluster 1 and Cluster 2 were all found to be significantly lower than unity, indicating the presence of G×E. They were 0.31 (±0.17), 0.68 (±0.14) and 0.18 (±0.21) for 21WT, UMD and LogUFD, respectively. Evidence of sires re-ranking across clusters was also observed. Providing a suitable strategy can be identified, there is potential for the optimisation of future breeding programmes, by taking into account the G×E observed. This would enable farmers to identify and select animals with an increased knowledge as to how they will perform in their specific farm environment thus reducing any unexpected differences in performance. 相似文献
39.
Comparative mapping of QTLs for agronomic traits of rice across environments by using a doubled-haploid population 总被引:11,自引:0,他引:11
Chaofu Lu Lishuuang Shen Ping He Ying Chen Lihuang Zhu Zhenbo Tan Yunbi Xu 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》1997,94(1):145-150
We report here the RFLP mapping of quantitative trait loci (QTLs) which affect some important agronomic traits in cultivated
rice. An anther culture-derived doubled-haploid (DH) population was established from a cross between indica and japonica rice
varieties. A molecular linkage map comprising 137 markers was constructed based on this population which covered the rice
genome at intervals of 14.8 cM on average. The linkage map was used to locate QTLs for such important agronomic traits as
heading date, plant height, number of spikelets per panicle, number of grains per panicle, 1 000-grain weight and the percentage
of seed set, by interval mapping. Evidence of genotype-by-environment interaction was found by comparing QTL maps of the same
population grown in three diverse environments. A total of 22 QTLs for six agronomic traits was detected which were significant
in at least one environment, but only seven were significant in all three environments; seven were significant in two environments
and eight could only be detected in a single environment. However, QTLs-by-environment interaction was trait dependent. QTLs
for spikelets and grains per panicle were common across environments while traits like heading date and plant height were
more sensitive to environment.
Received: 22 February 1996 / Accepted: 10 May 1996 相似文献
40.
Summary Treatments differing from each other for the type of tube closure (i.e., cotton plug for free gas exchange, airtight rubber
cap, and rubber cap with ethysorb) and/or rooting culture medium (i.e., enriched or not by 25 to 100 μM acetylsalicylic acid) were compared for their effects on gaseous composition of the culture atmosphere and microcutting rooting
of the GF 677 (Prunus persica × Prunus amygdalus) hybrid. Rubber capping, which leads to rapid ethylene accumulation inside tubes, strongly reduced rooting time and in some
cases enhanced final rooting percentage over that of cotton plugs. Ethysorb almost completely absorbed ethylene produced by
shoots, which showed lower rooting percentages within 9 d than microcuttings cultured in the absence of ethysorb. In contrast,
no significant difference in rooting was found between the two treatments after 14 d. Carbon dioxide concentration was similar
in all treatments within 5 to 9 d and seemed to be ineffective for rooting. The influence of acetylsalicylic acid on rooting
was unclear. Root number and length were not significantly influenced by the treatments. These results demonstrate that the
use of airtight closures, leading to rapid ethylene accumulation, can reduce time of rooting expression for GF 677 microcuttings.
However, free gas exchange towards the end of the rooting period (from Day 9 to Day 14) is advisable to prevent leaf yellowing.
No significant difference in plantlet survival and growth after transfer ex vitro was found among treatments. 相似文献