The isolated perfused rabbit ovary — A model for studies of ovarian function

Summary In the present investigation the ultrastructure of isolated rabbit ovaries, perfused with different media for various time periods, was studied. The steroid hormone production by the perfused ovary was also determined. Perfusion with Medium 199 results in prominent interstitial ovarian oedema which increases with perfusion time. Even after the addition of 6–10 % Dextran T40, oedema appears in the interstitial tissue of the ovary. Perfusion solutions with osmotically active colloid particles of large molecular size (Dextran T70; average molecular weight 70,000 and bovine serum albumin), cause less distortion in the ovarian structure, and ultrastructurally the ovarian tissues appear essentially the same as in the control ovaries.The results indicate that the perfused rabbit ovary, under strictly controlled conditions, can be used as an experimental model for studies of various aspects of ovarian function, including follicular rupture.     

兔眼增殖性玻璃体视网膜病变模型的建立

目的探讨兔眼增殖性玻璃体视网膜病变模型的建立方法。方法①体外培养兔眼视网膜色素上皮细胞;②兔眼3组,每组6只,分别在玻璃体内注射0.1 mL的生理盐水、1×106细胞及2×106细胞,在不同时间段进行裂隙灯显微镜、间接检眼镜、眼底照像和B超检查,观察成模情况。结果注射后28 d,生理盐水组成模0眼;1×106细胞组成模5眼,其中Ⅰ级眼1只,Ⅱ级眼3只,Ⅲ级眼1只;2×106细胞组成模6眼,其中Ⅱ级眼2只,Ⅲ级眼4只。结论兔眼玻璃体内注射2×106同种视网膜色素上皮细胞建立增殖性玻璃体视网膜病变模型,符合病变发展规律,而且稳定可靠,成模较快,简单易行。     

Platelet activating factor (PAF) stimulates release of PGI2 from inflamed rabbit gallbladder cell cultures

This study examines the hypothesis that PAF stimulates release of PGI₂ from inflamed rabbit gallbladder explant cell cultures. New Zealand white rabbits underwent bile duct ligation for 72 h (72 h BDL), or sham operation, Sham and 72 h BDL gallbladder explants were placed in culture, and the cells grown to 75% confluence. The cells were exposed to increasing concentrations of PAF for 60 min. The media analyzed for eicosanoid release by EIA and the cells analyzed for cyclooxygenase and prostacyclin synthase content by immunoblot analysis. PAF increased release of 6-keto-PGF_1α from the 72 h BDL gallbladder cell cultures in a dose-related manner which was inhibited by indomethacin preincubation by 90%. The increased 72 h BDL cell release of 6-keto-PGF_1α was not associated with changes in the content of cyclooxygenase or prostacyclin synthase. PAF did not alter eicosanoid release from sham control cell cultures. These data suggest that PAF can only up-regulate endogenous 6-keto-PGF_1α release from the 72 h BDL cells that had been previously stimulated by inflammation. PAF may thus contribute to gallbladder distention and injury by chronic stimulation of inflamed gallbladder PGI₂ release.     

家兔腹泻生态疗法的实验观察

根据动物微生态学理论,将3株正常菌：嗜酸乳杆菌、两歧双歧杆菌、粪链球菌研制成复方生态制剂,对家免细菌性腹泻进行治疗试验。共治疗75例,治愈率为96．00％,比痢特灵对照组治愈率提高16．00％。该制剂价格低廉,无毒、副作用,使用安全可靠,是一种防治家免细菌性腹泻的较理想制剂。     

血管内皮生长因子基因对兔髂动脉内膜损伤的组织形态变化过程的影响

探讨血管内皮细胞的特异丝裂原－血管内皮生长因子（VEGF）基因阻止血管内膜损伤后形成再狭窄的组织变化过程。建立球囊拉伤血管内膜的兔髂动脉模型,将携带VEGF目的基因的真核表达载体pcDNA3/VEGF经多聚赖氨酸处理的PTCA球囊导管导入拉伤的血管内膜。VEGF基因组拉伤2周时血管内壁有VEGF mRNA和蛋白的高表达。血管内膜内皮化较快。2周时即有许多血管内皮细胞呈岛状分布。4周时内膜基本恢复光滑。内膜平滑肌细胞增生明显减少,而对照组2周时血管内膜粗糙,基底膜暴露,拉伤后4周仍无内皮细胞再生,最后形成虫蚀样改变。血管中膜平滑肌细胞穿过内弹性膜进入内膜并大量增生,内膜增厚。VEGF基因定位导入血管内壁后。VEGF mRNA和蛋白高表达且发挥其生物学效应,内皮细胞岛状增生,加快内膜内皮化,减轻内膜增厚。     

兔脑种植VX2肿瘤动物模型的建立

目的建立兔VX2肿瘤脑内种植动物模型,观察其生长特性。方法采用兔脑内VX2肿瘤组织块种植法将VX2肿瘤组织块种植入24只成年New Zealand大白兔右侧大脑皮质内,用B超检测肿瘤的生长情况,在实验兔在肿瘤种植后第13、171、9、21、232、5天取材,进行组织学观察。并观察实验兔在种植VX2肿瘤后的生存期及出现厌食、偏瘫等神经系统体征和死亡的时间。结果VX2肿瘤组织块种植入脑内后荷瘤兔的中位生存期为24.5 d,平均生存期为24.8 d,肿瘤体积随种植后的时间在对数坐标中接近一条直线。VX2肿瘤种植入兔脑17 d后血供较丰富、呈鱼肉状生长,与正常脑组织边缘界限不清楚,第17~19天肿瘤中心出现坏死并出现腹腔内转移。光镜下从VX2肿瘤种植后第17天开始肿瘤细胞向正常脑组织浸润,并形成瘤巢,瘤周脑组织形成水肿带。结论在缺乏兔源性脑肿瘤的情况下,采用兔VX2肿瘤组织块颅内种植能较好模拟颅内肿瘤生长,为对脑肿瘤的某些实验研究提供条件。     

Inhibition of rabbit sperm acrosomal enzymes by gossypol

The effect of gossypol on the activities of 10 acrosomal enzymes of the rabbit sperm was evaluated. Acrosin, Azocoll proteinase, neuraminidase, and arylsulfatase were significantly inhibited or completely inactivated by 12–76 μM gossypol. Hyaluronidase, β-glucuronidase, and acid phosphatase were inhibited only at a higher concentration of gossypol (380 μM). Phospholipase C, alkaline phosphatase, and β-N-Acetyl glucosaminidase were not inhibited even at 380 μM gossypol. Gossypol was found to be a noncompetitive inhibitor of arylsulfatase with a Ki of 120 μM. The inhibition was reversible and dose-dependent. As the acrosomal enzymes were more sensitive to the inhibition by gossypol compared to sperm enzymes involved in glycolysis or energy production, these assays may serve as a more reliable indicator for monitoring the occurence of gossypol-induced sterility. © 1995 Wiley-Liss, Inc.     

Identification, Development, and Regional Distribution of Thymidylate Synthetase in Adult Rabbit Brain

Abstract: The development and regional distribution of thymidylate synthetase (TS) (EC 2.1.1.45) in rabbit brain were determined. After optimization of the assay for brain, TS activity in brain was measured by a nonspecific (³H₂O release) and specific method. The specific method involved the conversion of [6-³H]deoxyuridine monophosphate (dUMP) to [³H]thymidine phosphate and the subsequent identification of [³H]thymidine. The specific activity of the enzyme in whole brain of newborn rabbits declined from 10.35 ± 1.17 units/mg protein to 0.71 ± 0.09 units/mg protein at 10–12 weeks of age. Two-year-old rabbits had 0.81 ± 0.04 units/mg protein. The decline in specific activity with age was not due to an inhibitor of TS activity or a change in the K_m for dUMP. The K_m for dUMP of the unpurified enzyme in the brains of both 10-day-old and young adult rabbits was 0.8 μ m . In young adult rabbits (3 months) the specific activity of TS was similar in the various regions of the brain tested except for the cerebellum, which had 40% higher specific activity than the whole brain. The results show that TS is widely distributed in adult rabbit brain, and, although the activity declines with age, it stabilizes at adult levels at 3 months of age.     

The effect of infra-red radiation on rectal temperature and respiration rate of unacclimated female new zealand white rabbits

1. 1.|An experiment was carried out to examine the effects of various levels of infra-red (i.r.) radiation on rectal temperature (RT) and respiration rate (RR) in New Zealand While rabbits.

2. 2.|A 4 × 3 × 6 factorial design was employed in which the factors were: four intensities of i.r. radiant heating of 0.0, 1.9, 2.1 and 2.4 MJ/m²/h, three replicates and six rabbits.

3. 3.|rectal temperature differed (P < 0.05) between treatments and were highest at the “high” level of i.r. radiation (1°C higher than for controls). At the “medium” and “low” levels of i.r. heating RTs were respectively 0.3 and 0.2°C higher than in controls.

4. 4.|At different levels of radiation RR were different (P < 0.05), with the highest (422.7 ± 218.1 breaths/min) at 2.4 MJ/m²/h i.r. radiant heating. This RR was almost 2.5 times that in controls, while at the “low” and “medium” i.r. levels RR values were respectively 1.5 and 2 times those of controls.

Effect of streptococcal pyrogenic exotoxin on rabbit macrophage functions in vitro: mediation by splenic lymphocytes

Streptococcal pyrogenic exotoxin (SPE) showed no direct effect on rabbit macrophage functions in vitro. However, when splenic lymphocytes were added to macrophage cultures, SPE caused marked augmentation of glucose consumption and superoxide anion production, and concomitant inhibition of phagocytosis without loss of cell viability. The SPE effects were demonstrated to be mediated by a soluble factor(s) released from the splenic lymphocytes in response to SPE stimulus.