动脉内灌药,内支架安置双介入治疗十二指肠恶性梗阻

通过动脉内灌药,内支架安置双介入治疗提高对十二指肠恶性梗阻姑息性治疗的疗效。十二指肠恶性梗阻病例１４例,男５例,女９例,年龄２０－６９岁,经口安置自膨式十二指肠金属支架共１５枚,其中１２例在支架安置后定期行肿瘤供血动脉插管介入化疗,所有病例梗阻症状解除,２例未行动脉灌药治疗者分别于２个月及４个月死亡,１２例双介入者生存期明显延长,最短６月,最长已达一年,结论：双介入治疗能够姑息治疗疗效延长晚期瘤患     

iNOS在不同种属血管细胞中诱导表达差异的比较研究

为了探讨不同种属血管细胞中ｉＮＯＳ基因诱导表达的差异及其分子机制,采用Ｎｏｒｔｈ－ｅｒｎ印迹、电泳迁移率改变分析（ＥＭＳＡ）和细胞转染实验对ｉＮＯＳ基因在人、牛、大鼠血管内皮细胞（ＥＣ）和兔、大鼠平滑肌细胞（ＶＳＭＣ）中的诱导表达和转录调控机制进行了研究．结果显示,ＩＬ－１β可诱导人、大鼠的ＥＣ和大鼠的ＶＳＭＣ表达ｉＮＯＳ,但对兔ＶＳＭＣ和牛ＥＣ无诱导作用．在ＩＬ－１β＋ＴＮＦ－α＋ＬＰＳ作用下,人和大鼠血管细胞ｉＮＯＳ的表达活性显著高于牛和兔,同一种属动物的ＶＳＭＣ比ＥＣ更易被诱导活化．用含有大鼠ｉＮＯＳ基因上游－１０３７～－４３８片段的报告基因转染这些细胞,经细胞因子和ＬＰＳ处理后,被转染细胞的ＣＡＴ活性变化与细胞的ｉＮＯＳ表达活性相一致．上述结果表明,ｉＮＯＳ表达调节具有种属特异性和细胞特异性．ＥＭＳＡ证实在不同种属的ＥＣ和ＶＳＭＣ中,与ｉＮＯＳ基因表达调控区（－１０３７～－７８７）相互作用的蛋白因子是不均一的．提示不同种属血管细胞内特异转录因子的种类及浓度不同和（或）反式因子与顺式元件相互作用的方式不同可能是这种差异的分子基础．     

选择性冠状静脉动脉化搭桥术中不同移植物的应用疗效比较

目的:对比选择性冠状静脉动脉化(SCVBG)搭桥治疗弥漫性右冠状动脉狭窄病变中选择乳内动脉和大隐静脉作为桥血管的治疗效果。方法:选择2008年10月到2014年10月在我院行SCVBG搭桥的84例患者资料,其中选择大隐静脉作为桥血管进行冠状静脉动脉化搭桥患者46例(大隐静脉桥组),选择乳内动脉作为桥血管进行冠状静脉动脉化搭桥患者38例(乳内动脉桥组)。随访记录两组患者的生存情况、近期复查超声心动图、冠状动脉CTA及心绞痛复发率。结果:乳内动脉桥组患者总生存率(100%)明显高于大隐静脉桥组(82.6%)(P0.05)。乳内动脉桥组患者桥血管和心中静脉通畅率(100%)明显大于大隐静脉桥组(54.35%)(P0.05)。两组患者左心室射血分数(LVEF)较治疗前明显增加,左心室舒张期末内径(LVEDD)较治疗前明显减小(P0.05)。治疗后,乳内动脉桥组患者心绞痛复发率明显小于大隐静脉桥组(P0.05)。结论:SCVBG搭桥治疗弥漫性右冠状动脉狭窄病变中,选择乳内动脉桥效果优于大隐静脉桥,能明显提高桥血管和心中静脉通畅率,降低心绞痛复发率。     

大鼠血管性痴呆模型海马组织中线粒体的变化

目的:观察血管性痴呆模型(Vascular dementia,VD)大鼠海马组织内线粒体超微结构、线粒体膜电位与空间学习记忆能力的变化。方法:健康成年雄性Wistar大鼠30只,随机分为假手术组(SHAM)和血管性痴呆(VD)组,每组15只。VD组行双侧颈总动脉结扎手术制备血管性痴呆动物模型,SHAM组手术步骤同VD组,但不结扎颈总动脉。于术后第29天起行Morris水迷宫测试大鼠空间学习记忆功能,第1-5天为定位航行试验,评估大鼠空间学习能力,第6天进行空间探索试验,评估大鼠空间记忆功能。采用透射电镜技术、流式细胞学技术分别检测大鼠海马组织线粒体形态和功能变化。结果:与SHAM组相比,血管性痴呆模型组大鼠Morris水迷宫试验中逃避潜伏期明显延长(P0.01),在目标象限中停留时间显著缩短(P0.01),空间学习记忆能力受损,血管性痴呆模型组大鼠海马组织线粒体超微结构有明显损伤,线粒体膜电位明显下降(P0.01)。结论:线粒体损伤是血管性痴呆空间学习记忆功能障碍的重要机制之一。     

Effects of serotonin on expression of the LDL receptor family member LR11 and 7-ketocholesterol-induced apoptosis in human vascular smooth muscle cells

Serotonin (5-HT) is a known mitogen for vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs). The dedifferentiation and proliferation/apoptosis of VSMCs in the arterial intima represent one of the atherosclerotic changes. LR11, a member of low-density lipoprotein receptor family, may contribute to the proliferation of VSMCs in neointimal hyperplasia. We conducted an in vitro study to investigate whether 5-HT is involved in LR11 expression in human VSMCs and apoptosis of VSMCs induced by 7-ketocholesterol (7KCHO), an oxysterol that destabilizes plaque. 5-HT enhanced the proliferation of VSMCs, and this effect was abolished by sarpogrelate, a selective 5-HT2A receptor antagonist. Sarpogrelate also inhibited the 5-HT-enhanced LR11 mRNA expression in VSMCs. Furthermore, 5-HT suppressed the 7KCHO-induced apoptosis of VSMCs via caspase-3/7-dependent pathway.     

The influence of steroids on vascular tension of isolated superficial veins of the nose and face during the estrous cycle of gilts

The arrangement of the superficial facial veins enables blood flow from the nasal cavity into the peripheral circulation by two pathways: through the frontal vein into the cavernous sinus and through the facial vein into the external jugular vein. The current study was designed to determine whether estradiol and progesterone affect the vascular tone of the superficial veins of the nose and face in cycling gilts (Sus scrofa f. domestica) and to analyze the immunolocalization of progesterone receptors and estradiol receptors in these veins. The influence of hormones on vascular tension differed depending on the type of vessel and the phase of the estrous cycle. Estradiol decreased vascular tension in the nasal vein during the follicular phase (P < 0.05) and increased tension in the frontal vein during the luteal phase (P < 0.05). Progesterone increased the vascular tension of the frontal vein (P < 0.05) and decreased the tension of the other veins (P < 0.05) in both phases of the cycle. Expression of estradiol receptor β but not of progesterone receptor was observed in the superficial veins of the nose and face. In conclusion, the effect of ovarian steroid hormones on the vascular tension of the superficial veins of the nose and face in female pigs as well as the reactivity of these veins to steroid boar pheromones can affect the blood supply from the nasal cavity to the venous cavernous sinus. We propose that the ovarian steroid hormones that modulate the vascular tension of the nasal and facial veins may also influence the action of boar pheromones absorbed into the nasal mucosa in gilts and may reach the brain via local destination transfer.     

Efficiently differentiating vascular endothelial cells from adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells in serum-free culture

Adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ASCs) have been reported to be multipotent and to differentiate into various cell types, including osteocytes, adipocytes, chondrocytes, and neural cells. Recently, many authors have reported that ASCs are also able to differentiate into vascular endothelial cells (VECs) in vitro. However, these reports included the use of medium containing fetal bovine serum for endothelial differentiation. In the present study, we have developed a novel method for differentiating mouse ASCs into VECs under serum-free conditions. After the differentiation culture, over 80% of the cells expressed vascular endothelial-specific marker proteins and could take up low-density lipoprotein in vitro. This protocol should be helpful in clarifying the mechanisms of ASC differentiation into the VSC lineage.