解脲脲原体感染与不孕不育

解脲脲原体是人类泌尿生殖道常见的寄生菌之一,它可以引起男女泌尿生殖道感染,其中最严重的后果认为可导致男女不孕不育。支原体感染是否与男性和女性的不孕不育有关,其致病的主要机制是什么,探讨这些问题对于防治解脲脲原体感染,减少及避免不孕不育疾病的发生有重要意义。本文对近年来关于解脲脲原体感染导致女性不孕和男性不育的机制进行了综合概述。     

UU1、UU3和UU4致昆明小鼠下生殖道致病性的研究

目的：研究解脲脲原体（Ureaplasma Urealyticum,UU）的第1血清型（UU1）、第3血清型（UU3）和第4血清型（UU4）对昆明小鼠下生殖道的致病性。方法：将100只昆明小鼠随机分为5组：空白组、雌二醇组、UU1组、UU3组和UU4组,每组20只;空白组和雌二醇组为对照组,UU1组、UU3组和UU4组为实验组;雌二醇组和实验组雌二醇化后1周,将UU1、UU3和UU4分别接种至UU1、UU3和UU4组小鼠泌尿生殖道,将液体培养基接种至空白组和雌激素组。2周后检测各组小鼠泌尿生殖道的IL-8、SIgA、TNF-α并取小鼠子宫组织行病理检查。结果：实验组小鼠UU接种都获得成功。IL-8、SIgA、TNF-α检测结果显示：实验组和对照组比较有显著性差异;UU4组和UU1组及UU3组比较有显著性差异;空白组和雌二醇组比较无显著性差异;UU1组和UU3组比较无显著性差异。病理显示：UU1、UU3和UU4组昆明小鼠子宫组织有炎细胞浸润,UU4组小鼠宫颈病变更明显。对照组小鼠子宫未见明显改变。结论：UU1、UU3和UU4可能导致昆明小鼠下生殖道产生病理反应;UU4可能短期致病力更强。     

Biovar Diversity Is Reflected by Variations of Genes Encoding Urease of Ureaplasma urealyticum

Five oligonucleotide primers derived from the gene encoding urease of Ureaplasma urealyticum were designed to evaluate the relationship between the urease gene and biovar diversity of this organism. Five combinations of these primers were tested by PCR and the result revealed that there were variations in urease genes among different serovars of U. urealyticum. This result, in agreement with other PCRs based on other functionally unrelated (rRNA and MB antigen) genes, may reflect the phylogenetic relationship among organisms taxonomically classified as U. urealyticum.     

运用PCR 扩增技术检测解脲脲支原体生物群的临床应用

目的:探讨运用酶链聚合反应(PCR)技术检测泌尿生殖道解脲脲原体(Uu)的生物群,分析Uu生物群与临床症状的相关性。方法:以支原体16S rRNA保守区域基因为扩增靶序列设计引物,采用PCR方法扩增Uu 16S rRNA基因检测125例临床标本,并将检测结果与临床症状进行相关性分析。结果:PCR法检出Uu阳性率44.8%,其中35例Uu生物1群阳性,其中有16例有症状;27例Uu生物2群阳性,其中有18例有症状。Uu生物1群感染与症状的相关性无统计学差异(P>0.05),而Uu生物2群感染与症状相关性有统计学差异(P<0.05)。结论:PCR检测Uu 16S rRNA基因可用于Uu生物群的检测,Uu生物2群可能是非淋菌性尿道炎(NGU)的一个致病菌,而Uu生物1群与NGU无明显相关性。     

解脲脲原体生物膜药敏检测方法的研究进展

解脲脲原体（Uu）生物膜的培养及药敏检测技术是继支原体体外游离药敏试验之后,探讨Uu耐药水平与耐药机制的又一重要手段。然而由于支原体生长的生物学特性,使实验中需要多次更换培养基,增加了污染的概率。培养过程中的杂菌污染由此成为决定Uu生物膜实验成功与否的一大问题。本文将对解脲脲原体生物膜的培养与药敏检测技术,从检测方法、常见污染途径与解决策略3个方面展开,对相关文献作一综述。     

3类抗菌药物体外抗解脲脲原体和人型支原体的作用

目的比较四环素类、大环内酯类和喹诺酮类3类抗菌药物,对临床分离株解脲脲原体(Uu)和人型支原体(Mh)的抗菌作用,为临床用药提供参考依据.方法采用直接肉汤药盘法测定了临床标本中,195株Uu和1218株Mh对3类抗菌药物中的8种抗生素的敏感性.结果 195株Uu对四环素、多西环素、米诺环素、罗红霉素、阿齐霉素、交沙霉素、氧氟沙星和司帕沙星的敏感率,分别为21.0%、48.2%、39.5%、79.0%、88.7%、74.9%、28.2%和64.6%.118株Mh对四环素、多西环素、米诺环素、罗红霉素、阿齐霉素、交沙霉素、氧氟沙星、司帕沙星的敏感率分别为5.1%、33.9%、26.3%、0.0%、0.0%、89.8%、70.3%和64.4%.960例混合感染的Uu Mh,对交沙霉素最敏感(79.2%).结论泌尿生殖道支原体的药敏监测对指导临床治疗具有重要意义.     

沙眼衣原体和解脲支原体感染的女性生殖道炎症临床分析

目的：分析沙眼衣原体和解脲支原体在女性生殖道炎症发生过程中的重要致病作用和临床特征,以期达到早期诊断,早期诊治的目的。方法：对妇科门诊683例初诊为女性急性或慢性生殖道炎症患者的宫颈分泌物进行沙眼衣原体(CT)和解脲支原体(UM)培养和鉴定,及其所致生殖道炎症患者的临床特性、表现进行综合性分析。结果：683例女性生殖道炎症患者检测结果,确诊由沙眼衣原体(CT)和解脲支原体(UM)感染所致的生殖道炎症共计249例,占36．5％(249／683),沙眼衣原体感染者87例(12．7％),解脲支原体感染者205例(30．0％),沙眼衣原体及解脲支原体合并感染者43例(6．3％),淋球菌感染31例(4．5％),其中沙眼衣原体合并淋球菌感染者22例,解脲支原体合并淋球菌感染者5例。结论：在诊断女性生殖道炎症时,由沙眼衣原体和解脲支原体感染所致的生殖道炎症不容忽视,尽管由这两种病原体所致炎症在临床表现上不具有明显的特征,但特定的病原学检查能非常有效地做出早期诊断,结合特异的防治能使本病彻底治愈得以保证。     

解脲支原体对兔输卵管黏膜上皮细胞致病性研究

目的：探讨解脲支原体(UU)对兔输卵管黏膜上皮细胞的粘附及其致病性。方法：采用雌性大白兔作为实验对象,用UU感染兔输卵管黏膜上皮细胞,经光学和电子显微镜观察UU对其粘附性和致病性。结果：UU感染后,兔输卵管管腔有较多渗出物,呈淡红染匀质状,黏膜层的上皮细胞轻度肿胀,黏膜下层有炎症细胞(以淋巴细胞为主)呈灶性浸润;在电镜下,UU粘附于输卵管黏膜上皮细胞上,同时上皮细胞游离面的纤毛互相粘连、倒状,纤毛细胞核膜欠完整．胞核染色质呈凝块状．胞浆内可见大量大小不等的空泡,无纤毛细胞顶面参差不齐,可见伪足样突出．微绒毛减少．胞浆内近细胞顶部有少量分泌颗粒和空泡变性,细胞间可见相嵌连接。结论：UU到达兔输卵管后可粘附于输卵管黏膜上皮细胞上并导致损伤。     

Microelements in seminal plasma of infertile men infected with Ureaplasma urealyticum

The purpose of this study was to assess the association among male infertility, infection of Ureaplasma urealyticum (Uu), and microelements in seminal fluid. Semen analysis and cultivation of Uu were carried out on 160 samples of seminal fluid. The concentrations of microelements, such as arsenic (As), molybdenum (Mo), magnesium (Mg), lead (Pb), copper (Cu), cadmium (Cd), and zinc (Zn) in the samples were measured by an inductively coupled plasma quantometer (ICP). The ratios Cu/Zn and Cd/Zn in the poor spermatic quality group were obviously higher than those in seminal plasma of the group with normal spermatic quality (p<0.01 and p<0.05, respectively), whereas the concentrations of As, Mg, Mo, and Pb showed no difference in the two groups. The ratios Cu/Zn and Cd/Zn and the concentrations of As and Mg in seminal plasma infected with Uu were markedly higher than those not infected with Uu (p<0.05, p<0.01, p<0.05, and p<0.05, respectively), whereas the concentrations of Mo and Pb showed no statistical difference. The ratios Cu/Zn and Cd/Zn and the concentrations of As and Mg in seminal plasma of the semen with poor spermatic quality and Uu infection were obviously higher than those not infected with Uu (p<0.05), whereas the concentrations of Mo and Pb showed no statistical difference. Abnormally high ratios Cu/Zn and Cd/Zn as well as an overdose of As were found to be predisposed to Uu infection. Uu infection resulted in an increase of the ratios Cu/Zn and Cd/Zn and the concentrations of As and Mg in seminal fluid, which therefore caused spermatic quality decline.