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51.
IntroductionInsufficient physical activity is a known risk factor for various co-morbidities, including cancer. Globally, its prevalence has increased markedly over the past decades. The aim of this study was to estimate the proportion and number of cancers that were attributable to insufficient physical activity in France in 2015.MethodsPopulation attributable fractions (PAFs) and numbers of cancer cases attributable to insufficient physical activity (<30 min daily of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity) were estimated by age, sex and cancer site. Assuming a 10-year lag-period, PAFs were calculated using physical activity prevalence from a cross-sectional French population survey and cancer-specific relative risks.ResultsAbout half of all French adults were found to be insufficiently physically active, with great variation by age and sex. In 2015, an estimated 2973 cancer cases diagnosed in French adults aged 30y+ were attributable to insufficient physical activity, corresponding to 0.8% of all cancer cases (0.2% in men and 1.6% in women). This comprised 3.8% of all postmenopausal breast cancers (1620 cases), 3.6% of all colon cancers (902 cases) and 6.0% of all cancers of the corpus uteri (450 cases). If at least half of the recommended physical activity level was achieved, 1095 cancer cases could have been avoided.ConclusionInsufficient physical activity is associated to about 3000 cancer cases in France, a country with comparatively low but increasing prevalence of this risk factor. This result is important for setting priorities in cancer prevention programmes aiming to increase physical activity in France and Europe in general. 相似文献
52.
Qi Tang Xian-Sheng Zhao Ao Guo Ruo-Tong Cui Huai-Le Song Zi-Yang Qi Yi Pan Yue Yang Fang-Fang Zhang Liang Jin 《World journal of stem cells》2022,14(10):744-755
Osteoarthritis (OA) is considered to be a highly heterogeneous disease with progressive cartilage loss, subchondral bone remodeling, and low-grade inflammation. It is one of the world's leading causes of disability. Most conventional clinical treatments for OA are palliative drugs, which cannot fundamentally cure this disease. The stromal vascular fraction (SVF) from adipose tissues is a heterogeneous cell population. According to previous studies, it contains a large number of mesenchymal stem cells, which have been used to treat OA with good therapeutic results. This safe, simple, and effective therapy is expected to be applied and promoted in the future. In this paper, the detailed pathogenesis, diagnosis, and current clinical treatments for OA are introduced. Then, clinical studies and the therapeutic mechanism of SVF for the treatment of OA are summarized. 相似文献
53.
摘要 目的:探讨QRS时限值(QRS)、QT间期延长(QT)、QTc间期(QTc)及左室射血分数(LVEF)预测心源性猝死的价值分析。方法:选择2018年1月至2019年12月川北医学院附属医院心血管内科治疗的356例心源性猝死患者进行研究,设为病例组,并选择同期体检的健康人200例作为对照组,分析QRS、QT、QTc及LVEF水平变化情况及其预测价值。结果:病例组QRS、QTc水平显著高于对照组,QT、LVEF水平显著低于对照组,差异显著(P<0.05);轻度QRS、QTc显著低于中度、重度患者,QT、LVEF水平显著高于中度、重度患者;中度患者QRS、QTc显著低于重度患者,QT、LVEF水平显著高于重度患者,差异显著(P<0.05);ROC结果显示,QRS预测心源性猝死的AUC为0.989,灵敏度△为84.59%,特异度为87.68%,截断值为115.59ms;QT预测心源性猝死的AUC为0.944,灵敏度85.12%,特异度为88.45%,截断值为21.69ms;QTc预测心源性猝死的AUC为0.984,灵敏度为86.05%,特异度为88.61%,截断值为416.39ms,LVEF预测心源性猝死的AUC为0.997,灵敏度87.15%,特异度为89.05%,截断值为45.63%,(P<0.05)。结论:QRS、QT、QTc及LVEF在心源性猝死患者中检查,可显著提高心源性猝死临床诊断效能。 相似文献
54.
Vinaya Mulkareddy Susan B. Racette Andrew R. Coggan Linda R. Peterson 《生物化学与生物物理学报:疾病的分子基础》2019,1865(4):735-740
Heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) is a deadly and disabling disease. A key derangement contributing to impaired exercise performance in HFrEF is decreased nitric oxide (NO) bioavailability. Scientists recently discovered the inorganic nitrate pathway for increasing NO. This has advantages over organic nitrates and NO synthase production of NO. Small studies using beetroot juice as a source of inorganic nitrate demonstrate its power to improve exercise performance in HFrEF. A larger-scale trial is now underway to determine if inorganic nitrate may be a new arrow for physicians' quiver of HFrEF treatments. 相似文献
55.
Sarah Rouhana Charlotte Farah Jerome Roy Amanda Finan Glaucy Rodrigues de Araujo Patrice Bideaux Valérie Scheuermann Youakim Saliba Cyril Reboul Olivier Cazorla Franck Aimond Sylvain Richard Jérôme Thireau Nassim Fares 《生物化学与生物物理学报:疾病的分子基础》2019,1865(1):230-242
Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is a common clinical syndrome associated with high morbidity and mortality. Therapeutic options are limited due to a lack of knowledge of the pathology and its evolution. We investigated the cellular phenotype and Ca2+ handling in hearts recapitulating HFpEF criteria. HFpEF was induced in a portion of male Wistar rats four weeks after abdominal aortic banding. These animals had nearly normal ejection fraction and presented elevated blood pressure, lung congestion, concentric hypertrophy, increased LV mass, wall stiffness, impaired active relaxation and passive filling of the left ventricle, enlarged left atrium, and cardiomyocyte hypertrophy. Left ventricular cell contraction was stronger and the Ca2+ transient larger. Ca2+ cycling was modified with a RyR2 mediated Ca2+ leak from the sarcoplasmic reticulum and impaired Ca2+ extrusion through the Sodium/Calcium exchanger (NCX), which promoted an increase in diastolic Ca2+. The Sarcoplasmic/endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ ATPase (SERCA2a) and NCX protein levels were unchanged. The phospholamban (PLN) to SERCA2a ratio was augmented in favor of an inhibitory effect on the SERCA2a activity. Conversely, PLN phosphorylation at the calmodulin-dependent kinase II (CaMKII)-specific site (PLN-Thr17), which promotes SERCA2A activity, was increased as well, suggesting an adaptive compensation of Ca2+ cycling. Altogether our findings show that cardiac remodeling in hearts with a HFpEF status differs from that known for heart failure with reduced ejection fraction. These data also underscore the interdependence between systolic and diastolic “adaptations” of Ca2+ cycling with complex compensative interactions between Ca2+ handling partner and regulatory proteins. 相似文献
56.
57.
Greenland S 《Biometrics》2001,57(1):182-188
Standard presentations of epidemiological results focus on incidence-ratio estimates derived from regression models fit to specialized study data. These data are often highly nonrepresentative of populations for which public-health impacts must be evaluated. Basic methods are provided for interval estimation of attributable fractions from model-based incidence-ratio estimates combined with independent survey estimates of the exposure distribution in the target population of interest. These methods are illustrated in estimation of the potential impact of magnetic-field exposures on childhood leukemia in the United States, based on pooled data from 11 case-control studies and a U.S. sample survey of magnetic-field exposures. 相似文献
58.
Charge displacements during ATP-hydrolysis and synthesis of the Na+-transporting FoF1-ATPase of Ilyobacter tartaricus
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Transient electrical currents generated by the Na(+)-transporting F(o)F(1)-ATPase of Ilyobacter tartaricus were observed in the hydrolytic and synthetic mode of the enzyme. Two techniques were applied: a photochemical ATP concentration jump on a planar lipid membrane and a rapid solution exchange on a solid supported membrane. We have identified an electrogenic reaction in the reaction cycle of the F(o)F(1)-ATPase that is related to the translocation of the cation through the membrane bound F(o) subcomplex of the ATPase. In addition, we have determined rate constants for the process: For ATP hydrolysis this reaction has a rate constant of 15-30 s(-1) if H(+) is transported and 30-60 s(-1) if Na(+) is transported. For ATP synthesis the rate constant is 50-70 s(-1). 相似文献
59.
Furuki T 《Carbohydrate research》2002,337(5):441-450
For aqueous solutions of di- and oligosaccharides thermodynamic properties have been investigated at subzero temperatures using differential scanning calorimetry. The amount of unfrozen water observed is found to increase linearly with the glass transition temperatures of anhydrous carbohydrates. Furthermore, the amount of unfrozen water shows a linear relationship with known solution properties of aqueous carbohydrates, such as partial molar compressibility and heat of solution. The different effectiveness among various di- and oligosaccharides to avoid ice formation is associated with the combination of constitutive monosaccharides and attendant molecular structure features including the position and type of the glycosidic linkage between the constituent units. More unfrozen water is induced in the presence of a carbohydrate having a poorer compatibility with the three-dimensional hydrogen-bond network of water. A series of these results obtained imply that there is a common key of carbohydrate stereochemistry governing several different thermodynamic amounts of a given system involving carbohydrates. In this context, a modified stereospecific-hydration model can be used to interpret the present results in terms of stereochemical effects of carbohydrates. 相似文献
60.
The water-soluble fraction of bee venom produces antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory effects on rheumatoid arthritis in rats 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
We recently demonstrated that bee venom (BV) injection into the Zusanli acupoint produced a significantly more potent anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive effect than injection into a non-acupoint in a Freund's adjuvant induced rheumatoid arthritis (RA) model. However, the precise BV constituents responsible for these antinociceptive and/or anti-inflammatory effects are not fully understood. In order to investigate the possible role of the soluble fraction of BV in producing the anti-arthritic actions of BV acupuncture, whole BV was extracted into two fractions according to solubility (a water soluble fraction, BVA and an ethylacetate soluble fraction, BVE) and the BVA fraction was further tested.Subcutaneous BVA injection (0.9 mg/kg/day) into the Zusanli acupoint was found to dramatically inhibit paw edema and radiological change (i.e. new bone proliferation and soft tissue swelling) caused by Freund's adjuvant injection. BVA treatment also reduced the increase in serum interleukin-6 caused by RA induction to levels observed in non-arthritic animals. In addition, BVA therapy significantly reduced arthritis-induced nociceptive behaviors (i.e. nociceptive scores for mechanical hyperalgesia and thermal hyperalgesia). Finally, BVA treatment significantly suppressed adjuvant-induced Fos expression in the lumbar spinal cord at 3 weeks post-adjuvant injection. In contrast, BVE treatment (0.05 mg/kg/day) failed to show any anti-inflammatory or antinociceptive effects on RA.The results of the present study demonstrate that BVA is the effective fraction of whole BV responsible for the antinociception and anti-inflammatory effects of BV acupuncture treatment. Thus it is recommended that this fraction of BV be used for long-term treatment of RA-induced pain and inflammation. However, further study is necessary to clarify which constituents of the BVA fraction are directly responsible for these anti-arthritis effects. 相似文献