Modulatory Effects of Curcumin and Green Tea Extract against Experimentally Induced Pulmonary Fibrosis: A Comparison with N‐Acetyl Cysteine

The study was aimed to investigate the protective effect of green tea extract (GTE), curcumin, and N‐acetyl cysteine (NAC) on experimentally induced pulmonary fibrosis. Curcumin (200 mg/kg b.w), GTE (150 mg/kg b.w), and NAC (490 mg/kg b.w) were administered orally for 14 days with concomitant administration of cyclophosphamide (CP). Lung fibrosis was assessed by measuring hydroxyproline and elastin levels and confirmed by histopathological examination. Oxidative stress was also observed in the CP group. Lung myeloperoxidase activity was significantly decreased in animals of the CP group. N‐acetyl‐β‐d ‐glucosaminidase, leukotriene C₄, and protein were increased in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF). Transforming growth factor‐β, interleukin ‐1β, and histamine were increased in both serum and BALF. All modulators markedly attenuated the altered biochemical parameters as compared to CP‐treated rats. These results suggest the possibility of using these treatments as protective agents with chemotherapy and as protective agents for lung fibrosis. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 26:461‐468, 2012; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com . DOI 10:1002/jbt.21447     

2，3-环氧丙酸钾对丘陵茶产量与品质的改善作用

在丘陵茶树上应用２,３－环氧丙酸钾,能提高光合速率,增加一芽一叶、一芽二叶和一芽三叶的干物质积累,以及茶叶内水浸出物、氨基酸、茶多酚等主要成分的含量,从而获得茶叶增产、增质的作用。实验结果表明：一定浓度的２,３－环氧丙酸钾具有增强光合速率,加速光合产物输出进程,促进越冬留养叶的光合同化产物向新梢芽、叶运输、积累与分布的效应,为２,３－环氧丙酸钾增产优质提供生理依据。它的应用将为丘陵茶的高产优质开辟     

红茶,青茶,黑茶抗人轮状病毒的实验研究

采用病变抑制法在细胞培养上测定了红茶、青茶、黑茶对人轮状病毒的抑制作用。试验结果表明,红茶和青茶茶汤(2克茶叶用25ml沸水浸泡)在1:1000的稀释浓度时,可以完全抑制病毒,而黑茶茶汤在1:100时才能完全抑制病毒。试验结果还表明,茶汤在高浓度时具有细胞毒作用。     

近130年来我国茶树有害生物研究书籍出版的历史沿革和特征

我国茶树有害生物发生种类多、分布区域广、危害较为严重,严重影响着茶叶产量和品质。厘清我国近现代茶树有害生物研究相关科技书籍出版时期、类型及数量,分析明确其学术特征,对掌握该领域历史文献脉络和了解其发展趋势等具有参考意义。本研究采用专业数据库文献检索和平面媒体信息查询、购买等方法,阅读、分析、获取茶树有害生物研究内容及书籍出版信息;将书籍分为著作、译著、教材、其他科技书籍4类,检索时间范围为1890-2021年。累计记录到茶树有害生物相关书籍280部,其中著作75部、译作4部、教材68部、其他科技书籍133部;结果显示,我国近现代茶树有害生物相关书籍出版肇始于1915年;总体特征为兼论性质书籍数量比例较大,实用性较强,具有较强系统性或者创新性的比例不高;出版数量时间特征及阶段明显,可分为发端期、起步期、发展期、提升期、繁荣期,总体上呈现显著上升趋势,当前及今后一定时期处于旺盛期;优势作者及作者来源机构、地区均比较集中。我国近现代茶树有害生物研究相关书籍出版肇始于1915年,历经5个阶段,出版规律及学术特征明显,现进入旺盛期。     

茶稻间作系统的生态结构特征及生理特性研究

茶稻间作系统叶面积指数高于单作茶园,且上、下２ 层空间分布合理,水稻生长前期形成上部茶冠和下部水稻的生态边界层,生长后期则形成上部水稻和下部茶冠的生态边界层,有利于系统对光、热、水、气资源的充分利用．比之于单作茶园,茶稻间作系统内盛夏期相对光强减弱３５７ ％ ,午后温度降低０９ ～１９ ℃,相对湿度增加７ ％ ,为茶树生长提供了较适宜的生态环境条件,新梢生长速率有所提高．茶稻间作系统中的水稻比水田水稻水分利用率高,边际效应显著,有效穗数增加,结实率提高     

广西茶树资源生化成份多样性分析

对国家种质杭州茶树圃保存的来源于广西的98份茶树资源主要生化成分进行了评价鉴定和遗传多样性分析。结果发现,广西地方茶树资源的生化成分存在丰富的多样性和变异,平均遗传多样性指数达到1.90,平均变异系数达到25.8%。通过多变量的主成分分析,前7个主成分代表了茶树生化成分多样性的86.75%的信息。基于生化成分,把98份资源聚类划分为3个类群。第1类群大部分为红绿茶兼制的资源,第2类群大部分为适制红茶的资源,第3类群大部分为适制绿茶的资源。并从中筛选出一批生化成分特异的资源。     

Microbial Biomass, N Mineralization and Nitrification, Enzyme Activities, and Microbial Community Diversity in Tea Orchard Soils

Understanding the chronological changes in soil microbial and biochemical properties of tea orchard ecosystems after wasteland has been reclaimed is important from ecological, environmental, and management perspectives. In this study, we determined microbial biomass, net N mineralization, and nitrification, enzyme (invertase, urease, proteinase, and acid phosphatase) activities, microbial community diversity assessed by denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) of 16S rDNA polymerase chain reaction (PCR) products, and related ecological factors in three tea orchard systems (8-, 50-, and 90-year-old tea orchards), adjacent wasteland and 90-year-old forest. Soil microbial biomass C (C_mic) and activity, i.e., soil basal respiration (R_mic), microbial biomass C as a percent of soil organic C (C_mic/C_org), N mineralization, invertase, urease, proteinase, and acid phosphatase, significantly increased after wasteland was reclaimed; however, with the succeeding development of tea orchard ecosystems, a decreasing trend from the 50- to 90-year-old tea orchard became apparent. Soil net nitrification showed an increasing trend from the 8- to 50-year-old tea orchard and then a decreasing trend from the 50- to 90-year-old tea orchard, and was significantly higher in the tea orchards compared to the wasteland and forest. Urea application significantly stimulated soil net nitrification, indicating nitrogen fertilizer application may be an important factor leading to high-nitrification rates in tea orchard soils. The Shannon’s diversity index (H) and richness (S) based on DGGE profiles of 16S rRNA genes were obviously lower in all three tea orchards than those in the wasteland; nevertheless, they were significantly higher in all three tea orchards than those in the forest. As for the three tea orchard soils, comparatively higher community diversity was found in the 50-year-old tea orchard.     

Radical chemistry of epigallocatechin gallate and its relevance to protein damage

The radical chemistry of the plant polyphenolics epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) and epigallocatechin (EGC) were investigated using electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy. Radical species formed spontaneously in aqueous solutions at low pH without external oxidant and were spin stabilized with Zn(II). The spectra were assigned to the gallyl radical and the anion gallyl radical, with only 10% of the signal assigned to a radical from the galloyl ester. Spectral simulations were used to establish a pK(a) of 4.8 for the EGCG radical and a pK(a) of 4.4 for the EGC radical. The electrochemical redox potentials of EGCG and EGC varied from 1000 mV at pH 3 to 400 mV at pH 8. The polyphenolics did not produce hydroxyl radicals unless reduced metal ions such as iron(II) were added to the system. Zinc(II)-stabilized EGCG radicals were more effective protein-precipitating agents than unoxidized EGCG and produced irreversibly complexed protein. EGCG and other naturally occurring polyphenolics are effective radical scavengers but their radical products have the potential to damage biological molecules such as proteins.     

安徽省茶园蜘蛛名录

报道了安徽省茶园蜘蛛的部分种类,计有22科68属118种。     

11个红紫芽茶树新品系的芽叶特性和生化成分研究

对全年芽叶都呈红紫色的11个新选育的高花青素茶树品系新梢芽叶进行了百芽重和色泽调查,并对其生化组分进行了比较分析,旨在为今后筛选出高产优质的高花青素茶树种质资源、开发高花青素茶叶加工和深加工保健产品提供物质和理论基础。结果表明:11个新品系分枝能力较强,百芽重适中,具有较高的产量潜力;芽叶红紫色的深浅与花青素含量呈正相关,而与茶多酚、儿茶素、咖啡碱和游离氨基酸无关;除HY-5和HY-8芽叶色泽在秋季最深外,其他红紫芽品系芽叶的红紫色都在夏季最深,说明红紫芽茶树芽叶的色泽及其花青素含量同时受外界环境和遗传因子的控制。