八角属植物分类

根据对18 个国家和地区121 个标本馆收藏的万余份八角属植物标本研究, 结合在国内8 个省区野外调查、采集、引种和对生长发育与物侯的观察, 本文对世界性八角属植物做了分类学修订。根据花蕾和花被片形态特征的变异, 将八角属分为2 组:八角组-含9 种1 亚种, 其花蕾卵球形, 花被片长圆形、椭圆形、披针形至狭舌状, 扁平;八角茴香组-含25 种2 亚种1 变种, 其花蕾球形, 花被片宽卵形至圆形, 下凹。将凹脉组作为八角组的新异名, 圆被亚属作为八角茴香组的新异名;指定了红茴香和柬埔寨八角的后选模式。本文还分析了八角属植物的分类学性状, 作出有分类检索表, 提供有各种植物的地理分布资料, 列举出查阅的主要标本, 并对各分类单元均作了分类学注释。     

Paraimene tuberculata,a new genus and species of Isopoda (Sphaermomatidae) from Karachi,Pakistan

A new genus,Paraimene is established for a new Isopod species from the intertidal zone of Karachi Coast (Pakistan).Paraimene tuberculata sp. nov. is described and illustrated together with notes on the habitat of the species.     

Systematics of tarsiers and lorises

It seems probable that there are more species (in the sense of sharply diagnosable entities) than hitherto recognized among small Asian primates, and contrasting to some degree with larger-sized taxa. This presumably relates to their lesser vagility and consequent reduced potential for gene-flow. Even where some gene-flow can be demonstrated, as betweenNycticebus coucang andN. bengalensis, this appears to be very limited and does not affect the essential homogeneity and diagnosability of the two taxa. The biogeographic implications of the taxonomic findings of this study are noteworthy. They confirm the distinctness of Sulawesi in contrast to a Sundaland/southern Philippines link (Tarsius); the separation of the Indochinese and Sundaic faunal subregions (Nycticebus); and the uniqueness of the Sri Lankan “wet zone” (Loris). Much more work needs to be done on all three genera, but their great taxonomic interest, indicating much greater complexity than previously assumed, is apparent.     

Aotus vociferans ×Aotus nancymai: Sympatry without chromosomal hybridation

In a study relating geographic distribution ofAotus populations with karyotype and coat pattern,Hershkovitz (1983) suggested that this genus comprises nine species.A. vociferans (2n=46) is distributed along the left bank of the Maranon river, andA. nancymai (2n=54) along the right bank of the same river. In the present study we analyzed the karyotypes of 11A. vociferans and 11A. nancymai specimens using G- and C-banding and NOR-staining. Of these animals, fiveA. vociferans were sympatric with fiveA. nancymai in Isla Aramaza, Colombia; oneA. vociferans was sympatric with threeA. nancymai in Yahuma, Peru; oneA. vociferans was sympatric with threeA. nancymai in Terezinha I, Brazil. No signs of hybridation between the taxa was observed at any time, with allA. vociferans having 2n=46 and allA. nancymai 2n=54, as previously reported in the literature. These data suggest thatA. vociferans andA. nancymai should indeed be distinct species.     

Phagnalon rechingeri (Inuleae,Asteraceae), a new species from Iran

Phagnalon rechingeri spec. nova from S Baluchestan (Iran) is described as a species new to science and illustrated; its relationships to other species of the genus, in particular to thePh. woodii group from S Arabia, are discussed.Dedicated to Hofrat Univ.-Prof. DrK. H. Rechinger on the occasion of his 80th birthday.     

Taxonomic Notes on Four Species of Panagrellus Thorne (Nematoda: Cephalobidae)

Four populations of Panagrellus redivivus (Linnaeus, 1767) Goodey, 1945, and syntypes of P. dubius Sanwal, 1960, P. redivivoides (Goodey, 1943) Goodey, 1945, P. pycnus Thorne, 1938, P. zymosiphilus (Brunold, 1950) Brunold, 1954, and P. leucocephalus Steiner, 1936 were examined. Additional information on the morphology of spicules and stoma is presented. P. zymosiphilus is synonymized with P. redivivoides and Rühm''s synonymization of P. silusiae and P. leucocephalus with P. redivivus is supported. Lectolypes for P. pycnus and P. redivivoides are designated.     

Toward a molecular taxonomy

Summary The concepts of a super information source and ensemble averaging are used to estimate the amount of information stored in protein andt-RNA sequences. Specifically applied to cytochrome c and hemoglobins, information measures analogous to those found to be highly significant for DNA pair frequency data (D ₂ vs.R) by Gatlin (1968) prove to be extremely highly correlated with organism complexity. Super source stability and the possible taxonomic utility of the extraordinary clusterings obtained are discussed. A restriction on the construction of ancestral sequences and a possible handle on homology are also detailed.     

Discocriconemella repleta n.sp., and the male of Criconemoides inusitatus Hoffmann, 1974 (Criconematidae: Nematoda)

Discocriconemella repleta n.sp. from Brazil is described. The male of Criconemoides inusitatus Hoffmann, 1974, is described here for the first time.