腹腔镜对结直肠癌患者血清基质金属蛋白酶、胃肠激素及应激激素水平的影响

目的:探讨腹腔镜对结直肠癌患者血清基质金属蛋白酶、胃肠激素及应激激素水平的影响。方法:将110例结直肠癌患者纳入本研究,随机分为对照组和观察组,均55例,分别给予对照组和观察组患者开腹手术治疗和腹腔镜手术治疗,对比治疗前后患者的血清基质金属蛋白酶、胃肠激素及应激激素水平。结果:治疗前,两组血清基质金属蛋白酶(Matrix metalloproteinase,MMP)MMP-2、MMP-9、血清胃动素(Motilin,MTL)、胃泌素(Gastrin,GAS)、皮质醇(Cortisol,Cor)、去甲肾上腺素(Noradrenaline,NE)水平比较差异均无统计学意义(P0.05);与组内治疗前相比,两组治疗后血清MMP-2、MMP-9、MTL、GAS水平均显著降低,血清COR、NE水平均显著升高,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);观察组治疗后血清MMP-2、MMP-9、NE、COR水平均明显低于对照组,血清GAS、MTL水平均明显高于对照组,差异对比均有显著性(P0.05)。结论:腹腔镜治疗结直肠癌可有效降低患者血清基质金属蛋白酶水平,促进胃肠功能恢复,减轻机体应激损伤。     

艾司美拉唑治疗胃溃疡患者成本效果的影响因素分析

目的:分析艾司美拉唑治疗胃溃疡患者成本效果的影响因素。方法:回顾性分析2014年9月-2018年1月我院诊治的胃溃疡患者220例的临床病例资料,根据治疗药物的不同分为观察组120例与对照组100例,对照组给予奥美拉唑+克拉霉素+阿莫西林治疗,观察组给予艾司美拉唑+克拉霉素+阿莫西林,两组均持续治疗观察2周,对比两组治疗成本、治疗效果、不良反应的发生情况和成本效果,以及影响艾司美拉唑治疗胃溃疡患者成本效果的因素。结果:观察组与对照组患者完成治疗周期的成本费用分别为567.14±48.23元、551.49±45.61元,两组比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。观察组与对照组的治疗总有效率分别为95.83%(115/120)和82.00%(82/100),观察组显著高于对照组(P0.05)。观察组与对照组治疗期间的腹胀、便秘、恶心、口腔异味等不良反应发生率为8.33%(10/120)和11.00%(11/100),对比差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。观察组C/E与ΔC/E值均显著低于对照组(P0.05)。多因素logistic回归分析显示病程、溃疡直径、不良反应为影响艾司美拉唑治疗胃溃疡成本效果的主要因素(P0.05)。结论:艾司美拉唑治疗胃溃疡患者成本效果好,且不会增加不良反应的发生,病程、溃疡直径、不良反应为影响成本效果的主要因素。     

超声定位腔镜深筋膜下交通支离断术联合湿性换药技术治疗下肢静脉性溃疡

目的:探讨彩超定位下的腔镜深筋膜下交通支离断术(SEPS)联合湿性换药技术治疗下肢静脉性溃疡(VU)的方法及效果。方法:回顾性分析了8例VU患者共8条C6级下肢SEPS手术联合湿性换药技术的方法和效果。术前用彩色多普勒超声对功能不全交通支(ICPV)行体表定位,进行SEPS+大隐静脉高位结扎剥脱术+硬化剂注射术,术后湿性换药技术溃疡换药。结果:超声准确定位下SEPS联合湿性换药术后所有C6级患肢VU均在短期内愈合,随访期间无溃疡复发。结论:SEPS联合湿性换药技术治疗VU术后安全,疗效确切,并发症少。     

Responses of entomopathogenic fungi to the mutagen 4-nitroquinoline 1-oxide

Survival of entomopathogenic fungi under solar ultraviolet (UV) radiation is paramount to the success of biological control of insect pests and disease vectors. The mutagenic compound 4-nitroquinoline 1-oxide (4-NQO) is often used to mimic the biological effects of UV radiation on organisms. Therefore, we asked whether tolerance to 4-NQO could predict tolerance to UV radiation in thirty isolates of entomopathogenic fungi and one isolate of a xerophilic fungus. A dendrogram obtained from cluster analyses based on the 50 and 90 % inhibitory concentrations (IC₅₀ and IC₉₀, respectively) divided the fungal isolates into six clusters numbered consecutively based on their tolerance to 4-NQO. Cluster 6 contained species with highest tolerance to 4-NQO (IC₅₀ > 4.7 μM), including Mariannaea pruinosa, Lecanicillium aphanocladii, and Torrubiella homopterorum. Cluster 1 contained species least tolerant to 4-NQO (IC₅₀ < 0.2 μM), such as Metarhizium acridum (ARSEF 324), Tolypocladium geodes, and Metarhizium brunneum (ARSEF 7711). With few exceptions, the majority of Metarhizium species showed moderate to low tolerances (IC₅₀ between 0.4 and 0.9 μM) and were placed in cluster 2. Cluster 3 included species with moderate tolerance (IC₅₀ between 1.0 and 1.2 μM). In cluster 4 were species with moderate to high tolerance (IC₅₀ between 1.3 and 1.6 μM). Cluster 5 contained the species with high tolerance (IC₅₀ between 1.9 and 4.0 μM). The most UV tolerant isolate of M. acridum, ARSEF 324, was the least tolerant to 4-NQO. Also, L. aphanocladii, which is very susceptible to UV radiation, showed high tolerance to 4-NQO. Our results indicate that tolerance to 4-NQO does not correlate with tolerance to UV radiation. Therefore this chemical compound is not a predictor of UV tolerance in entomopathogenic fungi.     

输尿管软镜与经皮肾镜碎石术对≤2 cm肾结石患者血清IL-6、IL-10、Cor水平的影响及安全性研究

目的:比较输尿管软镜碎石术(FURL)与经皮肾镜碎石术(PCNL)治疗≤2 cm肾结石的疗效及对患者血清白介素(IL)-6、IL-10、皮质醇(Cor)水平的影响以及手术治疗的安全性。方法:选择2015年2月~2017年2月我院泌尿外科收治的132例直径≤2 cm的肾结石患者作为研究对象,其中行FURL治疗者72例,行PCNL治疗者60例,比较两组围手术期相关临床指标、治疗前后肾功能以及血清IL-6、IL-10、Cor水平的变化。结果:FURL组术后住院时间较PCNL组显著缩短,术后输血率较PCNL组显著降低(P0.01);两组手术时间、结石总清除率比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。PCNL组术后24 h Hb值较术前显著降低(P0.01),FURL组无明显变化(P0.05);两组术后24 h WBC值较术前显著升高(P0.01),但两组组间比较无明显差异(P0.05)。两组术后1h血清IL-6、IL-10、Cor水平均较术前显著升高,术后1、3、5d逐渐降低,FURL组术后1 h、1、3、5 d血清IL-6、IL-10、Cor水平均较PCNL组各时点显著降低(P0.01)。两组术后6 h、1、2 d尿Kim-1及血清CysC水平均较术前显著升高(P0.01),FURL组尿Kim-1水平于术后3 d恢复至正常水平,PCNL组为术后5d恢复正常,PCNL组血CysC水平于术后3 d恢复至正常水平,FURL组为术后5 d恢复正常;FURL组术后2、3 d尿Kim-1水平显著低于PCNL组同时点(P0.01),术后1、2、3 d血Cys C水平显著高于PCNL组同时点(P0.01)。结论:FURL与PCNL治疗直径≤2cm的肾结石均能取得满意的取石效果,但FURL手术创伤更小、出血更少,术后应激反应更轻,更有利于术后机体恢复。     

右美托咪定在腹腔镜全子宫切除术中的应用效果

目的:探讨右美托咪定在腹腔镜全子宫切除术中的应用效果及对抗凝血酶(AT)Ⅲ、D-二聚体(D-D)、纤维蛋白降解产物(FDP)、皮质醇(Cor)的影响。方法:选择2015年5月至2016年10月我院接诊的90例行腹腔镜全子宫切除术的患者,通过随机数表法分为观察组(n=45)和对照组(n=45)。两组均采用静脉吸入复合全麻,观察组在入室后给予1μg/kg的右美托咪定(10 min内完成输注),之后以0.5μg/(kg·h)的速度持续泵注,持续输注60 min;对照组以同样的方式输注生理盐水。比较两组在T_0(麻醉前)、T_1(麻醉后10 min)、T_2(拔管后)、T_3(术后24 h)各时点血流动力学、纤溶功能及应激反应的变化。结果:对照组在T_1、T_2时平均动脉压(MAP)、心率(HR)较T0时点显著升高(P0.05),T_3时回落至正常水平;观察组各时点MAP、HR均无明显变化(P0.05);两组T_1、T_2时点ATⅢ均显著降低,D-D、FDP显著升高(P0.05),观察组T_3时点ATⅢ、D-D、FDP均恢复到正常水平,与T0时比较无显著差异(P0.05),但对照组各指标和T_0时比较仍具有显著差异(P0.05),观察组在各时点ATⅢ均高于对照组,D-D、FDP均低于对照组(P0.05);与T_0比较,两组T_1、T_2、T-3时点Cor均显著升高(P0.05);但观察组在T_1、T_2、T_3时点Cor均比对照组低(P0.05)。结论:右美托咪定用于腹腔镜全子宫切除术有助于维持患者血流动力学稳定,改善应激反应及纤溶功能,麻醉效果优异。     

Bacteria and archaea as the sources of traits for enhanced plant phenotypes

Rising global demand for food and population increases are driving the need for improved crop productivity over the next 30 years. Plants have inherent metabolic limitations on productivity such as inefficiencies in carbon fixation and sensitivity to environmental conditions. Bacteria and archaea inhabit some of the most inhospitable environments on the planet and possess unique metabolic pathways and genes to cope with these conditions. Microbial genes involved in carbon fixation, abiotic stress tolerance, and nutrient acquisition have been utilized in plants to enhance plant phenotypes by increasing yield, photosynthesis, and abiotic stress tolerance. Transgenic plants expressing bacterial and archaeal genes will be discussed along with emerging strategies and tools to increase plant growth and yield.     

Loss of PPM1F expression predicts tumour recurrence and is negatively regulated by miR‐590‐3p in gastric cancer

Objectives

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) as small non‐coding RNA molecules act by negatively regulating their target genes. Recent studies have shown that protein phosphatase Mg2+/Mn2+‐dependent 1F (PPM1F) plays a critical role in cancer metastasis. But, the regulation mechanisms of PPM1F by miRNAs in gastric cancer (GC) remain undefined.

Methods

The correlation of PPM1F or miR‐590‐3p (miR‐590) expression with clinicopathological features and prognosis of the patients with GC was analysed by TCGA RNA‐sequencing data. The miRNAs that target PPM1F gene were identified by bioinformatics and Spearman correlation analysis, and the binding site between miR‐590 and PPM1F 3′UTR was confirmed by dual luciferase assay. MTT and Transwell assays were conducted to evaluate the effects of miR‐590 or (and) PPM1F on cell proliferation and invasion.

Results

We found that PPM1F expression was downregulated in GC tissues and cell lines and was correlated with tumour recurrence in patients with GC. The decreased expression of PPM1F was attributed to the dysregulation of miR‐590 expression rather than its genetic or epigenetic alterations. Overexpression of miR‐590 promoted cell proliferation and invasion capability of GC cells, while knockdown of miR‐590 reversed these effects. Moreover, PPM1F was validated as a direct target of miR‐590 and counteracted the tumour‐promoting effects caused by miR‐590. The expression of miR‐590 presented the negative correlation with PPM1F expression and acted as an independent prognostic factor for tumour recurrence in patients with GC.

Conclusion

PPM1F may function as a suppressive factor and is negatively regulated by miR‐590 in GC.

     

Exposure of Astrocytes to Hypoxia/Reoxygenation Enhances Expression of Glucose-Regulated Protein 78 Facilitating Astrocyte Release of the Neuroprotective Cytokine Interleukin 6

Abstract: Astrocytes exposed to hypoxia (H) or hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R) maintain cell viability and display changes in protein biosynthesis. Sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of metabolically labeled astrocytes exposed to H showed induction of an ≈78-kDa polypeptide that demonstrated sequence identity with glucose-regulated protein (GRP) 78. Cell lysates from H/R astrocytes displayed induction of neuroprotective interleukin (IL) 6, which was present in a high-molecular-weight complex also containing GRP78, suggesting that GRP78 might be functioning as a chaperone during cellular stress consequent on H/R. Introduction of anti-sense oligonucleotide to GRP78 into astrocytes prevented expression of the protein and suppressed H/R-induced astrocyte release of IL-6 by ≈50%. These data indicate that modulation of astrocyte properties during oxygen deprivation results, in part, from intracellular glucose depletion and subsequent expression of GRP78, which sustains generation of neuroprotective IL-6 under the stress of H/R.