2017年至2019年阜阳某三级医院常见病原菌分布和细菌耐药性分析

摘要 目的：分析本院2017年~2019年常见病原菌分布和细菌耐药性情况,以指导临床用药。方法：将送检标本中的病原菌进行鉴定,参照CLSI 2017版判读药敏结果。结果：收集2017年7月~2019年6月临床分离菌共2292株,其中革兰阴性菌1862株,占81.2%,革兰阳性菌430株,占18.8%。大肠埃希菌占比最高,占25.7%。主要分离于尿液标本（55.9%）、血液标本（12.2%）和痰液标本（10.8%）。金黄色葡葡球菌中MRSA（耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌）和凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌中耐甲氧西林凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌（MRCNS）的检出率分别为61.4%和74.4%。MRSA主要分布于普外科、神经外科和骨科。未检出替考拉宁、利奈唑胺或万古霉素耐药的葡萄球菌。肠球菌属中屎肠球菌对测试药物的耐药率均较高。16株肺炎链球菌,其中3株对青霉素耐药。肠杆菌科细菌中,肺炎克雷伯菌对碳青霉烯耐药率为14.5%。鲍曼不动杆菌对碳青霉烯的耐药率为76.9%。铜绿假单胞菌为19.3%。14株流感嗜血杆菌中,β内酰胺酶检出率为35.7%（5/14）。结论：2017年~2019年我院常见病原菌以革兰阴性杆菌为主,病原菌的耐药性较高,临床应加强科室管理,合理应用抗生素,防耐药菌株的流行,降低医院感染的发生风险。     

Serologic Response to SARS-CoV-2 in COVID-19 Patients with Different Severity

Virologica Sinica - The immense patient number caused by coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) global pandemic brings the urge for more knowledge about its immunological features, including the...     

不同类型性诱剂诱芯及诱捕器组合对草地贪夜蛾诱集效果评价

本研究通过评价诱芯、诱捕器和诱芯组合的诱集效果,筛选出对草地贪夜蛾雄蛾诱捕效果最佳的诱芯和诱捕器组合,为草地贪夜蛾综合防控提供技术支持。诱芯优化筛选试验中,9种诱芯中编号为3-4、4-2、4-3的3种诱芯对草地贪夜蛾雄蛾诱捕效果最好,专一性强。诱捕器筛选试验中,5种市面上常见诱捕器里,桶型诱捕器是其他型诱捕器的诱捕效果2倍以上,效果最佳。诱芯筛选试验中,在使用桶型诱捕器及小夜蛾诱捕器的条件下,翔林3-3诱芯对草地贪夜蛾雄蛾的诱虫效果都为最佳。此研究为我国草地贪夜蛾的综合防治提供新途径。     

Review: Helicobacter pylori infection in children

Helicobacter pylori infection in children and adolescents differs in comparison to adults with respect to epidemiology, host responses, and disease manifestations. Furthermore, treatment options are limited in this population and antibiotic resistance rates continue to increase. Therefore, ongoing research is vital to understand disease pathogenesis and provide optimal management of children with infection. This review summarizes relevant publications from April 2019 to March 2020. Similar to adults, recent studies show a decreasing prevalence of infection in the pediatric population. Studies of pathogenesis investigated serum immune responses and the potential inverse association of infection and allergy. Several studies investigated the effect of H pylori and related inflammation on the gut microbiome. The recommendation of endoscopy‐based testing to identify the cause of symptoms and not just H pylori, reserving noninvasive UBT or stool antigen tests for post‐eradication follow‐up, was supported by the current literature.     

不同生长调节剂及基质对越南粉苞茉莉扦插生根的影响

为探索越南粉苞茉莉(Jasminum dichotomum)扦插生根的影响因素,建立扦插繁育技术体系,以1年生越南粉苞茉莉枝条为插穗,采用L16(44)正交试验,探讨生长调节剂种类及其浓度、处理时间、基质种类对越南粉苞茉莉茎段扦插生根的影响,利用排队评分法和公式评分法对正交试验进行分析。结果表明,A2B3C3D2为试验的最优处理组合,即将插穗在250 mg·L-1 IBA和500 mg·L-1 NAA混合药剂中浸泡20 min后扦插于沙子上。     

Molecular Targets for the Testing of COVID‐19

The pandemic outbreaks of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19), caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2), spread all over the world in a short period of time. Efficient identification of the infection by SARS‐CoV‐2 has been one of the most important tasks to facilitate all the following counter measurements in dealing with the infectious disease. In Taiwan, a COVID‐19 Open Science Platform adheres to the spirit of open science: sharing sources, data, and methods to promote progress in academic research while corroborating findings from various disciplines has established in mid‐February 2020, for collaborative research in support of the development of detection methods, therapeutics, and a vaccine for COVID‐19. Research priorities include infection control, epidemiology, clinical characterization and management, detection methods (including viral RNA detection, viral antigen detection, and serum antibody detection), therapeutics (neutralizing antibody and small molecule drugs), vaccines, and SARS‐CoV‐2 pathogenesis. In addition, research on social ethics and the law are included to take full account of the impact of the COVID‐19 virus.     

The role of extracellular matrix in biomechanics and its impact on bioengineering of cells and 3D tissues

The cells and tissues of the human body are constantly exposed to exogenous and endogenous forces that are referred to as biomechanical cues. They guide and impact cellular processes and cell fate decisions on the nano-, micro- and macro-scale, and are therefore critical for normal tissue development and maintaining tissue homeostasis. Alterations in the extracellular matrix composition of a tissue combined with abnormal mechanosensing and mechanotransduction can aberrantly activate signaling pathways that promote disease development. Such processes are therefore highly relevant for disease modelling or when aiming for the development of novel therapies.In this mini review, we describe the main biomechanical cues that impact cellular fates. We highlight their role during development, homeostasis and in disease. We also discuss current techniques and tools that allow us to study the impact of biomechanical cues on cell and tissue development under physiological conditions, and we point out directions, in which in vitro biomechanics can be of use in the future.