全文获取类型
收费全文 | 3337篇 |
免费 | 215篇 |
国内免费 | 353篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 53篇 |
2022年 | 58篇 |
2021年 | 67篇 |
2020年 | 81篇 |
2019年 | 129篇 |
2018年 | 127篇 |
2017年 | 132篇 |
2016年 | 138篇 |
2015年 | 129篇 |
2014年 | 127篇 |
2013年 | 250篇 |
2012年 | 157篇 |
2011年 | 163篇 |
2010年 | 121篇 |
2009年 | 176篇 |
2008年 | 180篇 |
2007年 | 174篇 |
2006年 | 199篇 |
2005年 | 131篇 |
2004年 | 124篇 |
2003年 | 123篇 |
2002年 | 138篇 |
2001年 | 98篇 |
2000年 | 83篇 |
1999年 | 69篇 |
1998年 | 51篇 |
1997年 | 45篇 |
1996年 | 51篇 |
1995年 | 49篇 |
1994年 | 45篇 |
1993年 | 39篇 |
1992年 | 43篇 |
1991年 | 36篇 |
1990年 | 30篇 |
1989年 | 23篇 |
1988年 | 22篇 |
1987年 | 16篇 |
1986年 | 20篇 |
1985年 | 21篇 |
1984年 | 27篇 |
1983年 | 17篇 |
1982年 | 27篇 |
1981年 | 15篇 |
1980年 | 20篇 |
1979年 | 12篇 |
1978年 | 16篇 |
1977年 | 16篇 |
1975年 | 6篇 |
1974年 | 7篇 |
1973年 | 9篇 |
排序方式: 共有3905条查询结果,搜索用时 78 毫秒
81.
K A Kennedy J Chiment T Disotell D Meyers 《American journal of physical anthropology》1984,64(2):105-118
Principal-components analysis is used as an investigative procedure for establishing temporal, spatial and evolutionary-developmental changes in Homo sapiens skeletal specimens from prehistoric sites in South Asia. It is concluded that cranial variables which cluster hunter-gatherers within the sample are related to facial architecture with respect to robusticity and size. Older models presumably reflecting genetic affinities and racial classifications of prehistoric South Asians which were based upon univariate-bivariate statistical analyses are not supported by the results of this principal-components analysis. 相似文献
82.
为植物界最大的类群—被子植物建立一个能真正反映植物的进化历史和系统发育(phylogeny)的分类系统一直是许多植物系统学家和进化学家所向往的。到目前为止,已经提出的被子植物分类系统至少有二十多个。问题在于这样的分类系统能否说已符合于系统发育的要求?要回答这个问题,首先必须弄清系统发育的真正含义是什么。 相似文献
83.
新型有原始肢突胴甲鱼的发现及胴甲鱼早期演化的初步探讨 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
本文记述的曲靖始突鱼(Procondylolepis qujingensis gen.et sp.nov.)是近几年在云南曲靖早泥盆世地层中发现的有肢突胴甲鱼一原始类型。它和已知胴甲鱼(包括早泥盆世无肢突的和中、晚泥盆世有“盔”状肢突的)不同的最大特点是在其肩带与胸鳍相接的肩关节处有原始的肢突和简单的关节窝;胸鳍甲近端的关节区很小。它展现出胴甲鱼类这一高度特化、长期使人迷惑不解的肢突,在胴甲鱼演化史上发展变化的梗概,填补了肢突从无到有中间的缺环,使人了解到胸鳍的具体结构。文中主要根据肢突的有无和特化程度等,对胴甲鱼早期演化史作了初步探讨,将胴甲鱼分为无肢突超目(Abrachicondylia)和有肢突超目(Brachicondylia)两大部分。始突鱼则代表有肢突超目一早期成员。 相似文献
84.
云南武定节甲类的新材料 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
文中描述了采自云南武定中泥盆统一新的属种Yinostius maior gen.et sp.nov.属于短胸节甲类Heterosteidae科,这类化石在我国系初次发现。 相似文献
85.
Eftihia Cayanis A. B. Lane T. Jenkins G. T. Nurse Doris Balinsky 《Biochemical genetics》1977,15(7-8):765-773
A new variant of the red cell enzyme glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase has been detected in a South African male of Indian descent and in several of his relatives. The enzyme variant is characterized by slow electrophoretic mobility, low Michaelis constants for the substrates glucose-6-phosphate and NADP, and increased utilization of the substrate analogues 2-deoxyglucose-6-phosphate and deamino-NADP relative to the normal (B+) enzyme. There is no evidence that the enzyme variant, for which the name G6PD Porbandar is suggested, is associated with any hematological abnormality.The Atomic Energy Board and the South African Medical Research Council provided support for part of this work. 相似文献
86.
Graham S. Baldwin Alphonse Galdes H.Allen O. Hill Stephen G. Waley Edward P. Abraham 《Journal of inorganic biochemistry》1980,13(3):189-204
β-Lactamase II has two metal-binding sites. The electronic spectra of Cd(II)- and Co(II)-substituted β-lactamase II have been investigated. It is suggested that a thiol ligand is involved in metal binding at the first site. The stoichiometric dissociation constants for Co(II) binding to β-lactamase II were estimated to be 0.13 and 2.66 mM (pH 6.0, 4°C, 1 M NaCl) by equilibrium dialysis. Competition between Zn(II) and Co(II) for the first metal binding site suggests a value of 0.7 μM (pH 6.0, 30°C, 1 M NaCl) for the dissociation constant o Zn(II).The electronic spectra of the Co(II) enzyme lead to the suggestion that the coordination geometries around the metal ions in the first and second sites are related to those of a distorted tetrahedron and octahedron, respectively. 相似文献
87.
N.S. Ranganathan Paul A. Srere Tracy C. Linn 《Archives of biochemistry and biophysics》1980,204(1):52-58
The dephospho- form of rat liver citrate lyase has been prepared by treating purified [32P]-ATP citrate lyase with a partially purified phosphatase. A comparison of the properties of the phospho- and dephosphoenzyme has been performed. The pH optima were the same for both forms of the enzyme in four different buffer systems although the optimum values varied identically for both enzyme forms with the buffer. Both the phospho- and dephosphoenzymes show the same kinetic properties except for the Km observed for ATP in 4-(2-hydroxyethyl)-1-piperazineethanesulfonic acid buffer system where it was 54 μm for the phosphoenzyme and 292 μm for the dephosphoenzyme. The present study also indicates that both enzymes are cleaved by trypsin and lysosomal proteases in a similar manner. Both forms of the enzyme tend to associate with mitochondria to the same extent and both enzymes have identical temperature stability curves. 相似文献
88.
Mauricio Goihman-Yahr Leo Pine Maria Cecilia Albornoz Luis Yarzabal Maria Helena De Gomez Blanca San Martin Ana Ocanto Tulio Molina Jacinto Convit 《Mycopathologia》1980,71(2):73-83
Mild sonication was used to obtain single cell suspensions of Paracoccidioides brasiliensis. These cells were intact by microscopic criteria. Direct cell counts in a given inoculum and colony formation on various media were used to determine plating efficiency. Sonicated and nonsonicated cell suspensions were used to study plating efficiency and to estimate viability by means of vital dyes. Methylene blue, Erythrosin B, and Janus green were unreliable when used with P. brasiliensis, but vital dyes were accurate when tested with Candida albicans.Acridine orange gave more meaningful results of viability. Estimates of viability, however, changed significantly as a result of relatively minor alterations in the composition of the suspending medium.In initial experiments, the plating efficiency of P. brasiliensis was dismally low. It descended abruptly with increasing dilution of inoculum. Efficiency was much improved if horse serum was added to brain heart infusion plates or if glucose glycine yeast extract (GGY) plates were incubated at room temperature and mycelial colonies were counted. With the technique we report, current plating efficiency of sonicated suspensions is of the order of 25 %. Our results and procedures have an important bearing upon those studies concerned with in vitro killing of P. brasiliensis in suspensions or with isolating this fungus from clinical or environmental specimens. 相似文献
89.
Stanley C. Deresinski Robert J. Applegate Hillel B. Levine David A. Stevens 《Cellular immunology》1977,32(1):110-119
In vitro stimulation of incorporation of tritiated thymidine by human peripheral lymphocytes in response to two soluble antigens and three different intact but nonviable fungal forms of Coccidioides immitis was studied. Lymphocytes were obtained from three groups of subjects: healthy skin test positive, healthy skin test negative, and disseminated disease. Dose-response relationships to the intact forms (endospores, arthrospores, and spherules) were determined. Responses of lymphocytes from healthy skin test-positive subjects and subjects with disseminated disease were similar. Ranking of antigens by “potency” gave the following results: endospores = spherulin > mycelial filtrate > arthrospores = spherules. Endospores were the most potent of the intact forms in 10 of 11 subjects. The clear superiority of endospores over spherules is not due to differences in the total particle surface area available for presentation to the leukocytes. All antigens tested except spherules could discriminate between skin test-positive and skin test-negative subjects in this in vitro system. A T-cell-enriched, B-cell- and mono-cyte-depleted cell population demonstrated an active response to spherulin and to endospores. The variance of these finding with animal studies demonstrating spherules to be immunogenically superior when compared to endospores is discussed. This may have importance in future studies in humans of vaccines to C. immitis. 相似文献
90.
A radiometric viability assay based upon the conversion of [14C]glucose into 14CO2 by the viable cells on the dermal side of whole skin has been developed. The assay proved to be sensitive, reproducible, and practical, and was based upon the use of a microbiological growth detection system commonly used in many hospitals and laboratories. Relatively small samples of skin (0.25–1.00 g) were used in the test, and it was found that microbiological contamination did not interfere with the assay under normal conditions. The linear proportionality of the assay with both time and amount of skin assayed precluded the difficulties of nonlinear proportionality in other systems, allowing direct comparisons to be made between skin samples of different sizes and different incubation times. The assay could also detect 14CO2 released from many radiolabeled substrates, including glucose, aspartate, glutamate, ornithine, orotic acid, and glycerol. Thus, the method could be used to test a number of cellular functions necessary for viability, including glycolysis, the functioning of the citric acid cycle and the pentose phosphate pathway, sugar and amino acid metabolism, pyrimidine biosynthesis, and cryopreservative agent metabolism. Since any of these tests could be performed in 4 hr, a viability assay based upon glycolysis alone, or in combination with any of the other tested substrates, could be carried out after allograft skin procurement before a decision needed to be made on skin cryopreservation. 相似文献