Immigration,Christian faith communities,and the practice of multiculturalism in the U.S. South

Recent scholarship has declared multiculturalism to be in retreat, yet multiculturalist discourses and practices remain salient in many realms of social reproduction. This paper explores multiculturalism in predominantly white churches in the U.S. South, a region that has seen significant demographic transformations due to immigration. Church outreach to immigrants draws on theologies that reject racial prejudice and that call for the accommodation and celebration of cultural differences. Drawing on qualitative research with pastors and congregants, this article explores how multiculturalist practice is both re-working and reinforcing existing social relationships in Christian faith communities. Multiculturalist practices, we show, disrupt racialized hierarchies long embedded in white churches. But they simultaneously leave racialized distinctions and inequalities intact, in part by maintaining separation between immigrants and non-immigrants. This case illustrates the everyday politics of multiculturalism and the ways in which the boundaries of social membership take shape in ordinary, seemingly non-political spaces.     

Geographical patterns of body mass distribution are robust even when inserting uncertainty in average estimates of species body mass

Pardiñas, Valenzuela, and Salazar‐Bravo (2017) are concerned that eventual differences in species mean body masses and in the phylogenetic hypothesis used in Maestri et al. (2016)—compared with those available on other potential sources—could affect the results of our original article. Here, we used a new phylogenetic hypothesis to conduct the same analyses of the original article, and we randomly sampled 1000 values of body mass within approximately 35% upper and lower intervals around the mean body mass for each species included in our database. We show that our previous results and conclusions are robust and valid, and they persist despite uncertainty in mean body mass estimation. We argue that sampling variation and uncertainty in both species mean body mass estimation and phylogenetic hypothesis are to be expected and should not always be confused with inaccuracies.     

广西田东中山遗址洞外岩厦出土动物骨骼的初步研究

对广西田东中山遗址洞外岩厦出土动物骨骼遗存的研究表明,该批动物遗存至少代表39个属种。中山遗址原始居民以此地作为居住地,会到远处进行狩猎,其生业模式以狩猎为主;对骨骼的利用尚处在初级阶段,未发现精细的加工方式。动物骨骼遗存均来自野生动物,原始居民未开始饲养家畜。当时的中山遗址地处以林缘灌丛、低山森林景观为主的山间盆地中,不远处有成片的草地,并分布着一定面积的水域。这些信息对探讨中国华南地区旧石器时代晚期至新石器时代早期人类的生存行为、生境状况及演化特征等具有重要意义。     

从体质特征看中国南方汉族的人种归属

2009年至2012年研究组调查了中国南方汉族15154例(男性为7340例,女性为7814例)的身高、体重和16项测量指标,并计算出12项指数,将南方汉族与蒙古人种北亚类型族群、南亚类型族群及东亚类型族群的韩国人、日本人进行了比较。结果显示:1)南方汉族头面部主要指标介于北亚、南亚类型族群之间;南方汉族男性更接近于北亚类型族群,而南方汉族女性比男性头面部特征更接近南亚类型族群。2)南方汉族男性头部的长、宽、高、围度小于东亚类型族群,面部比韩国人、日本人狭窄;南方汉族女性头的长、宽、围度、下颌角间宽值小于韩国人、日本人,头较高,面部比韩国人、日本人狭窄。南方汉族男性、女性与韩国人、日本人体质差异较大。3)聚类分析结果提示,中国南方汉族与韩国人、日本人体质差异较大。南方汉族男性体质相对接近于北亚类型族群,女性体质介于北亚、南亚类型族群之间。华南汉族体质在南方汉族中有一定的特殊性。     

南海轮盘虫属(单殖吸虫, 分室科) 一新种及一新记录种

记述采自中国南海日本红娘鱼（Lepidotrigla japonica）鳃上的单殖吸虫1新种:红娘鱼轮盘虫（Trochopus lepidotrigla sp.nov.）,以及绿鳍鱼（Chelidonichthys kumu）鳃上的1中国新记录种:戈尔韦轮盘虫（Trochopus gaillimhe Little,1929）。新种红娘鱼轮盘虫以其后吸器上3对锚钩特殊的形态大小而区别于该属的近似种。所有标本均保存于华南师范大学生命科学学院鱼类寄生虫学研究室。     

利用产量位点标记分析中国水稻骨干恢复系与南亚及东南亚恢复系的遗传多样性

利用47个根据已报道的QTL位点或者已被精细定位或克隆的与水稻产量性状基因紧密连锁的产量位点标记,对来自中国、印度和越南等国的58份水稻恢复系进行遗传多样性分析。结果表明:(1)在中国恢复系中,47个产量位点标记中有36个具有多态性,共检测到90个等位基因,每个标记检测到等位基因2~4个,平均为2.500个;有效等位基因共62.905个,平均每个标记1.747个;36个有效标记的Shannon信息指数平均值为0.632,变幅为0.271~1.266。(2)在来自国外的材料中,47个产量位点标记均具有多态性,共检测到131个等位基因,每个标记检测到的等位基因数为2~6个,平均2.787个;有效等位基因数共82.686个,平均1.759个;47个标记的Shannon信息指数平均值为0.649,变幅为0.109~1.110。(3)聚类分析显示,在遗传相似系数为0.73水平上,参试资源聚为三大类群,中国资源多聚在第Ⅰ类群下的第1、2、3亚群,越南资源多聚在第Ⅰ-4亚群,孟加拉资源多聚在第Ⅲ-3亚群。由此表明,中国资源遗传基础较为狭窄,而其他国家的恢复系具有较远的亲缘关系。     

Three new species of Crenitis Bedel, 1881 from South Africa,with a revised key to African species (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae)

Three new species of Crenitis Bedel, 1881 are described from South Africa; C. castellus sp.n. and C. rupestris sp. n. from the KwaZulu-Natal Drakensberg, and C. quagga sp.n. from the Western Cape Province. All three new species were found in madicolous habitats, which appear to be characteristic for a number of species of the genus. A revised key to African species of Crenitis is included.

http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:18BE876C-46CB-4AD5-9BB0-EA6F8D711F09     

Fusarium species associated with Wheat crown and root tissues in the Eastern Iran

From 2012 to 2014, 70 isolates of Fusarium species were recovered from the wheat fields of Khosf, Giuk, Taqab, Amirabad, Mohammadieh and Bojd in the South Khorasan Province, Eastern Iran. Based on morphological characteristics, these isolates belonged to 14 Fusarium species. DNA of 23 isolates was extracted and their ribosomal ITS regions were amplified, sequenced and aligned with Fusarium species sequences of the GenBank. Among Fusarium isolates, the isolates belonging to F. solani (18.6%), F. acuminatum (12.9%), F. longipes (11.4%) and F. nygamai (10%) species had the higher frequencies. Other isolates from wheat crown and root were F. avenaceum, F. compactum, F. crookwellense, F. culmorum, F. diversisporum, F. equiseti, F. fujikuroi, F. javanicum, F. oxysporum and F. semitectum. This study is the first investigation of Fusarium species associated to wheat crown and root in the eastern desert area of Iran.     

A capitosauroid from the Lower Triassic of South America (Sanga do Cabral Supersequence: Paraná Basin), its phylogenetic relationships and biostratigraphic implications

Surviving through the end-Permian mass extinction, stereospondyls reemerged reaching a widespread distribution during the Early Triassic. A well representative lineage of this clade, Capitosauroidea, became worldwide abundant from Early to Late Triassic, in which their first undoubtful representatives were recovered from Lower Triassic deposits. Here, we describe a new capitosauroid, Tomeia witecki gen. et sp. nov., from the Sanga do Cabral Supersequence (Paraná Basin). Although relatively incomplete, the material presents a particular combination of early and late-diverging capitosauroid characters. Supporting Tomeia witecki as a new capitosauroid, our phylogenetic analysis placed the taxon as part of a clade that comprises only Early Triassic capitosauroids, specifically as the sister-taxon of the madagascarian Edingerella madagascariensis and close to Watsonisuchus spp., from Australia, South Africa and Madagascar. The status of Tomeia witecki as a new capitosauroid from western Gondwana supports a continuous record of the Stereospondyl lineage, since their first appearance during the Middle Permian in this supercontinent. Additionally, the temporal range of the Sanga do Cabral Supersequence during the Early Triassic was specifically reinforced as Olenekian, mainly based on the overall faunal content previously reported to this unit, associated with the known temporal distribution from those taxa phylogenetically closer to Tomeia witecki.

http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:7AA9F874-BED5-4A99-B098-B50656E706C1     

Trachemys medemi n. sp. from northwestern Colombia turns the biogeography of South American slider turtles upside down

South America was invaded by slider turtles (Trachemys spp.) twice, with one immigration wave estimated to have reached South America 8.6–7.1 million years ago (mya) and a second wave, 2.5–2.2 mya. The two widely disjunct South American subspecies of Trachemys dorbigni (northeastern and southern Brazil, Río de la Plata region of Argentina and Uruguay) are derived from the first dispersal pulse, while the two South American subspecies of Trachemys venusta (Colombia, Venezuela) originated from the second immigration event. We describe a new species of slider turtle from the lower Atrato river basin of Antioquia and Chocó departments, northwestern Colombia. This new species, the Atrato slider (Trachemys medemi n. sp.), is the first representative of the older immigration wave inhabiting northern South America. Using phylogenetic analyses of 3,242 bp of mitochondrial and 3,396 bp of nuclear DNA, we show that T. medemi is more closely related to T. dorbigni than to the geographically neighboring subspecies of Trachemys grayi and T. venusta from Central America and northern South America. The two subspecies of T. dorbigni are separated from the Atrato slider by the Andes and the Amazon Basin, and occur approximately 4,600 km and 3,700 km distant from T. medemi. According to molecular clock calculations, T. medemi diverged from the last common ancestor of the two subspecies of T. dorbigni during the Pliocene (4.1–2.8 mya), with T. dorbigni diversifying later (2.3–1.9 mya) in eastern South America beyond the Amazon basin. The divergence of the T. dorbigni subspecies overlaps with the estimated arrival of T. venusta in South America (2.5–2.2 mya). This time is characterized by massive climatic and environmental fluctuations with intermittent dispersal corridors in South America. According to their distribution, it seems likely that the ancestors of the extant subspecies of T. dorbigni dispersed along the eastern corridor, leaving a relict population northwest of the Andes with T. medemi. The distribution range of T. medemi is surrounded by taxa derived from the second southern range expansion of slider turtles, so that it can be concluded that T. venusta circumvented the habitats occupied by the ancestors of the Atrato slider when entering South America.