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61.
江苏宜兴龙池山现代植被表土孢粉的初步研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
江苏宜兴龙池山森林自然保护区表土花粉分析结果表明,表土孢粉植物群主要以栎属(Quercus)、松属(Pinus)、青冈属(Cyclobalanopsis)、栲属(Castanopsis)/柯属(Lithocarpus)、栗属(Castanea)占优势的木本植物组成,混生有枫香属(Liquidambar)、杨梅属(Myrica)、冬青属(Ilex)、女贞属(Ligustrum)、紫树属(Nyssa)、盐肤木属(Rhus)、黄连木属(Pistacia)等亚热带常见植物类型。研究区不同海拔高度的表土孢粉组合特征基本反映了当地现今的植物构成、植被面貌及其垂直分布规律。结合长江三角洲及其周边地区其他代表性表土花粉资料,首次提出以常绿阔叶木本植物与落叶阔叶木本植物含量之比(E/D),并结合重要优势、标志木本植物科属,初步识别和确立各地带性森林植被的表土花粉指标,为这一地区开展第四纪古植被和古气候等孢粉研究提供参考性依据。 相似文献
62.
63.
云南省小黑山自然保护区兰科植物多样性及保护评价 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
云南省小黑山自然保护区孕育了丰富的兰科植物。据调查,保护区有兰科植物43属、134种,约占云南省135属、780种的31.9%和17.2%,是保护区种子植物种类最多的科。兰科植物在保护区的各个生态类型中均有出现。保护区134种兰科植物以附生兰占优势,占67.16%(90种);其次,地生兰占31.34%(42种),腐生兰为1.50%(2种)。保护区兰科植物起源于新、旧世界的热带和温带,热带属占70.0%(28),温带属占27.5%(11)。鉴于兰科植物重要的保护价值,应加强保护区兰科植物的保护。首先应加强保护区的建设和管理,还应加强社区经济发展,加强科学研究,实施社区共管以及加大保护宣传力度。 相似文献
64.
在柏菁保护区共采到两栖动物标本267号,经整理鉴定隶属1目、6科、6属、13种。该区两栖动物垂直分布划为3个带:(1)海拔600.1000m为低山河谷农田两栖类带,本带两栖类6种,占总种数的46.15%;(2)海拔1000.1750m为中山台地农田针叶林两栖类带,有两栖类11种,占总种数的84.62%;(3)海拔1750~2200m为中山高原森林两栖类带,仅有1种。柏箐地区在动物地理区划上属于华中区,但两栖类以华中及华南区种为主。还讨论了中华蟾蜍和华西蟾蜍的分类地位。 相似文献
65.
陕西府谷自然保护区杜松种群的空间分布格局及其动态 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
采用方差/均值比率法和5个聚集度指标研究了陕西府谷自然保护区杜松(Juniperus rigida Sieb.etZucc.)种群15个样地的空间分布格局及动态特征。结果表明,杜松种群的空间分布格局为聚集分布,其v/m值、负二项参数、聚块性指数、丛生指数、平均拥挤度和Morisita指数分别为1.98、1.84、1.54、0.98、2.79和1.54。随着径级的增大,聚块性指数逐渐减小,种群的聚集程度也减小,Ⅶ级大树呈随机分布,该种群表现出明显的扩散趋势。调查发现,人为干扰对杜松种群的空间分布格局有较大影响。 相似文献
66.
Land abandonment is causing woodland expansion and loss of open habitats in the Alps, coupled with a shift in forestry practices
from coppice management to high forest. Despite such rapid large-scale changes, there has been very little investigation of
the environmental predictors of biodiversity in the Alpine landscape. We assessed the richness of amphibians, reptiles and
breeding birds (n = 189 species), used as a surrogate of biodiversity, in 58 quadrats of 100 km2, located within a well surveyed area of the province of Trento (central-eastern Italian Alps). The surrogates were then related
to a series of environmental variables by means of stepwise multiple regression. Depending on the surrogate analysed, species
richness declined linearly or quadratically with elevation, and increased with habitat heterogeneity and the availability
of grassland and arid-rocky habitats. The same results were obtained when incorporating a measure of species threat into the
biodiversity estimates. Different surrogates were positively inter-correlated, probably because of a common response to the
same factor, namely elevation, which was the only variable to enter all models. Such elevational gradient produced a clear
biodiversity peak in low-elevation areas, generating potential conflict between efficient biodiversity conservation and economic
interests linked to human development, a scenario which probably applies to many mountain regions worldwide. The current network
of protected areas was quite satisfactory in terms of area covered but biased towards high-elevation areas, of high scenic
beauty but relatively low in animal biodiversity value. Low-elevation reserves were small and isolated. Proposed conservation
targets include the establishment of corridors increasing the connectivity of low-elevation reserves and the promotion of
incentives for the extensive management of grassland, an agro-ecosystem of high historical and biological value. 相似文献
67.
在调查和分类的基础上,发现小寨子沟自然保护区共有苔藓植物153种,分别属于92属,72科.通过对苔藓植物的优势类群、科属的区系成分、垂直分布以及群落类型的分析,结果表明:小寨子沟自然保护区苔藓植物(1)物种多样性丰富.(2)优势类群明显.(3)垂直分布显著.(4)温带分布为主. 相似文献
68.
Questions: Is the occurrence of vine species in neotropical rain forests primarily determined by properties of the forest (environmental factors), by properties of the trees (tree species or tree size) or are vines randomly distributed? Location: Maya Biosphere Reserve, Guatemala. Methods: In five 1‐ha plots that span variation from unlogged forest to forest impacted by recurrent human disturbance we recorded the presence of all climbing vine species on every tree. The presence of all free standing vine species and 11 environmental variables were recorded in 100‐m2 subplots. The relationship of host tree diameter and host tree identity on single tree vine species richness was investigated by GLM modelling. Partial redundancy analyses were used to partition the variation in vine species composition on two sources: environmental factors and tree species identity. Results: Single tree vine richness increased with increasing host tree DBH and differed significantly among host species. For climbing vines, the ratio of variation in subplot presence explained by tree species and by environmental variables was ca. 4:1 (in the most disturbed logged plots slightly lower), for free standing vines this ratio varied from 1:2 in the most disturbed logged plots to 9:1 in reserve plots, while a ratio of ca. 1:1 was found for all plots analysed together. Conclusion: Different tree species have different probabilities of being infested by vines. Vines see both the forest and the trees; the environment is more important in earlier developmental stages, properties of individual trees become more important from the time vines start to climb. 相似文献
69.
The Mexican Government decreed Chinchorro Bank reef as a Biosphere Reserve in 1996. The aim of this study was to evaluate
the spatial and size-frequency distribution of Acropora spp. in order to provide further knowledge and tools to enhance management. A field survey was conducted, within six regions,
to locate and measure Acropora patches in the reef lagoon. Density, colony size and living tissue cover of Acropora colonies were evaluated using the line-intercept transect technique, combining direct observations and video transects. The
results showed that Acropora spp. was preferentially distributed in the southern regions; where cover and density were high. Based on these results and
considering that Acropora spp. produces landscape heterogeneity, which in turn generates shelter for other species, including some of considerable
economic importance, then at least the South East region should be considered as a key area for Acropora species conservation, and should be included in the Chinchorro Bank management plan. 相似文献
70.
Questions: What is the best grassland management regime for the threatened plant species Gladiolus imbricatus; is the stage structure of local populations a feasible indicator of the effect of changed management. Location: Coastal meadow system in southwestern Estonia. Methods : The effect of five management regimes was studied in a long‐term (three‐year) field experiment: (1) mowing in late July, (2) grazing by cattle, (3) grazing by sheep, (4) sheep grazing during the first year and mowing during subsequent years, (5) no management (control). Results: The population density increased significantly in response to the mowing treatment and to the mowing after sheep grazing treatment. The proportion of grazed plant individuals was higher in the sheep‐grazed than in the cattle‐grazed treatment. Generative and vegetative adult individuals of G. imbricatus were significantly more damaged by cattle herbivory than juveniles. All management regimes shifted the population structure towards a dynamic state where juvenile stages dominate, while the not managed control retained a regressive population structure. Conclusions: Population stage structure was a useful indicator of different management conditions, even in the case where population density did not differ. As indicated by population stage structure, the best management regime for G. imbricatus was either mowing in late July only, or alternation of grazing and mowing in different years. 相似文献