神经节苷脂联合咪达唑仑治疗重症颅脑损伤的临床疗效及对患者血清MMP-9、GFAP、MBP、NSE水平的影响

目的:探讨神经节苷脂联合咪达唑仑治疗重症颅脑损伤的临床疗效及对患者血清基质金属蛋白酶-9(MMP-9)、胶质纤维酸性蛋白(GFAP)、髓鞘碱性蛋白(MBP)、神经元特异性烯醇化酶(NSE)水平的影响。方法:选择2016年3月到2017年9月于我院进行治疗的85例重症颅脑损伤患者,将其按随机数表法分为观察组(n=45)和对照组(n=40),对照组使用神经节苷脂治疗,观察组采用神经节苷脂联合咪达唑仑治疗。比较两组治疗后疗效及血清GFAP、中枢神经特异蛋白(S100β)、NSE、MMP-9、MBP、C反应蛋白(CRP)、白细胞介素-6(IL-6)、肿瘤坏死因子α(TNF-α)水平、格拉斯哥昏迷评分(Glasgow Coma Scale,GCS)评分的变化及不良反应的发生情况。结果:治疗后,观察组临床疗效总有效率(93.33%)显著高于对照组(75.00%,P0.05);两组血清GFAP、S100β、NSE、MMP-9、MBP、CRP、IL-6及TNF-α水平均较治疗前明显下降,且观察组以上指标均显著低于对照组(P0.05);观察组GCS评分明显高于对照组(P0.05),且不良反应发生率明显低于对照组(6.67%vs. 30.00%,P0.05)。结论:神经节苷脂联合咪达唑仑治疗重症颅脑损伤患者的临床效果显著,明显优于单用神经节苷脂治疗,可能与其有效改善患者血清MMP-9、GFAP、MBP、NSE水平及抑制炎症因子的生成有关。     

PURIFICATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF A HOMODIMERIC ENOLASE FROM SYNECHOCOCCUS PCC 6301 (CYANOPHYCEAE)1

Enolase from Synechococcus PCC 6301 was purified 1450‐fold to electrophoretic homogeneity and a final specific activity of 68 μmol of phosphoenolpyruvate produced·min^?1·mg protein^?1. Analytical gel filtration and nondenaturing and SDS‐gel electrophoresis demonstrated that this enolase exists as a 118‐kDa homodimer composed of 56‐kDa subunits. The purified enzyme displayed 1) a broad pH‐activity profile with maximal activity occurring at pH 8.0 and 7.5 for the forward and reverse reactions, respectively, 2) a forward‐to‐reverse maximal activity ratio of about 1.6, 3) a K_m (2‐phosphoglycerate) of 0.28 mM, and 4) an absolute requirement for a divalent metal cation cofactor that was best satisfied by Mg²⁺ (K_m=0.62 mM). Enolase activity increased by about 200% after the first purification step (60° C heat treatment), whereas addition of increasing amounts of a clarified extract led to a progressive 70% inhibition in the activity of the purified enzyme. This was reflected by a reduction in enolase's V_max from 73 to 22 U·mg^?1 and forward‐to‐reverse activity ratio from 1.6 to 1.3. This inhibition was negated when the clarified extract was either preincubated with trypsin or warmed to approximately 40° for 5 min. Results are indicative of a heat‐labile enolase inhibitor protein in Synechococcus PCC 6301. By contrast, the purified enolase lost no activity when incubated at 70° C for up to 5 min. This study represents the first purification of enolase from the Cyanophyceae. Characterization of the purified enzyme's physical and kinetic features has provided insights into the structural and functional properties of cyanobacterial enolase.     

荠菜LOS2基因的克隆与分析

利用RACE-PCR方法从荠菜(Capsella bursa-pastoris)中克隆到了新的LOS2全长基因(Cblos2)。序列分析表明,该基因的全长cDNA为1694bp,拥有一个由444个氨基酸组成的开放读码框,预测的CbLOS2蛋白包括一个烯醇酶N-端结构域、烯醇酶结构域以及与拟南芥的LOS2高度保守的DNA结合域和基因功能抑制域。生物信息学分析表明,Cblos2与LOS2极为相似。冷胁迫适应实验表明,Cblos2基因在荠菜中组成性表达,且其表达与胁迫适应过程密切相关。该研究表明Cblos2是具双重功能的植物烯醇酶基因家族的新成员。     

非小细胞肺癌中肿瘤标志物CEA、SCC、NSE表达水平的临床分析

目的分析和探讨肿瘤标志物CEA、SCC、NSE在非小细胞肺癌临床预诊中的价值。方法对83例非小细胞肺癌患者和50例健康人进行肿瘤标志物CEA、SCC、NSE检测,从非小细胞肺癌不同分期、不同病理类型及综合阳性率等方面进行观察分析。结果非小细胞肺癌组CEA阳性率各期均在50%以上,NSE阳性率随肿瘤分期递增,平均为51.8%,二者的测定值Ⅲb、Ⅳ期均明显高于Ⅱ、Ⅲa期(P<0.01);SCC阳性率25%~33.3%,测定值各期差异不显著(P>0.05)。CEA以腺癌阳性率最高,测定值腺癌组明显高于其他组(P<0.01);SCC鳞癌组的阳性率和测定值均高于其他组(P<0.05);NSE鳞癌和大细胞未分化癌阳性率均在50%以上,测定值鳞癌、大细胞未分化癌和其他类型明显高于腺癌组(P<0.01)。不同病理类型综合阳性率的表达:有一项以上阳性者鳞癌为71.1%,腺癌为81.3%,大细胞未分化癌为80%,其他类型为100%。结论CEA、SCC、NSE三者联合检测综合阳性率明显提高。NSE敏感性高,特异性差,可作为肺癌早期诊断的辅助手段。     

An octamer of enolase from Streptococcus suis

Enolase is a conserved cytoplasmic metalloenzyme existing universally in both eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells. The enzyme can also locate on the cell surface and bind to plasminogen, via which contributing to the mucosal surface localization of the bacterial pathogens and assisting the invasion into the host cells. The functions of the eukaryotic enzymes on the cell surface expression (including T cells, B cells, neutrophils, monocytoes, neuronal cells and epithelial cells) are not known. Streptococcus suis serotype 2 (S. suis 2, SS2) is an important zoonotic pathogen which has recently caused two large-scale outbreaks in southern China with severe streptococcal toxic shock syndrome (STSS) never seen before in human sufferers. We recently identified the SS2 enolase as an important protective antigen which could protect mice from fatal S.suis 2 infection. In this study, a 2.4-angstrom structure of the SS2 enolase is solved, revealing an octameric arrangement in the crystal. We further demonstrated that the enzyme exists exclusively as an octamer in solution via a sedimentation assay. These results indicate that the octamer is the biological unit of SS2 enolase at least in vitro and most likely in vivo as well. This is, to our knowledge, the first comprehensive characterization of the SS2 enolase octamer both structurally and biophysically, and the second octamer enolase structure in addition to that of Streptococcus pneumoniae. We also investigated the plasminogen binding property of the SS2 enzyme.     

α-Enolase binds to RNA

To detect proteins binding to CUG triplet repeats, we performed magnetic bead affinity assays and North-Western analysis using a (CUG)₁₀ ssRNA probe and either nuclear or total extracts from rat L6 myoblasts. We report the isolation and identification by mass spectrometry and immunodetection of α-enolase, as a novel (CUG)n triplet repeat binding protein. To confirm our findings, rat recombinant α-enolase was cloned, expressed and purified; the RNA binding activity was verified by electrophoretic mobility shift assays using radiolabeled RNA probes. Enolase may play other roles in addition to its well described function in glycolysis.     

TnT-Hs和NSE在手足口病患儿中的表达水平及临床意义

目的:探讨TnT-Hs和NSE水平在手足口病患儿中的表达及临床意义。方法:选择我院2012年6月~2013年6月确诊为手足口病的住院患儿68例作为观察组,选择同期入院健康体检的68例正常儿童作为对照组,对比两组心肌钙蛋白T(TnT-Hs)与血清神经元特异性烯醇化酶(NSE)水平;并对观察组EV71阳性患儿与阴性患儿TnT-Hs与NSE水平进行比较。结果:1相比健康对照组,观察组TnT-Hs与NSE水平均较高,差异有统计学意义(P0.01)。2EV71阳性患儿46例,阴性患儿22例,阳性患儿相比阴性患儿TnT-Hs与NSE水平较高,差异均有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:Tn-T-Hs和NSE水平可反映手足口病患儿病情进展变化,其可作为早期预测手足口病患儿心肌损害及脑损伤的依据及重症病例的预警指标。     

醒脑静对颅脑创伤的保护作用

目的：探讨醒脑静对颅脑损伤大鼠的保护作用及其机制。方法：健康雄性成年SD大鼠63只,随机分为3组（n=21）：假手术组、模型组、醒脑静组。模型组与醒脑静组均采用自由落体撞击伤方法制作创伤性脑损伤模型,假手术组仅行开颅术,不造成脑损伤。醒脑静组盆大鼠造模后10min内经尾静脉注射醒脑静注射液10ml／（kg·d）,模型组与假手术组则经尾静脉注射等量0．9％氯化钠溶液,三组均连续给药7d。给药第7天比较各组大鼠血清中S-100B蛋白和神经特异性烯醇化酶（NSE）水平,脑组织含水量,检测血清中超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、丙二醛（MDA）和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GSH—Px）含量,并对各组大鼠进行神经功能缺损评分。结果：与假手术组比较,醒脑静组和模型组均有明显的神经缺损,脑组织含水量、MDA、S-100B蛋白和NSE水平明显升高,SOD、GSH-Px含量明显降低;醒脑静组与模型组比较,醒脑静组神经缺损程度及脑含水量显著低于模型组,血清中MDA和NSE水平明显低于模型组,SOD、GSH-Px活性明显高于模型组。结论：醒脑静注射液对大鼠颅脑损伤具有保护作用,其作用机制可能与减轻颅脑损伤后脑水肿及抑制氧自由基反应、保护神经细胞有关。     

小细胞肺癌发生阻塞性肺炎相关因素分析

目的通过对小细胞肺癌患者是否发生阻塞性肺炎的相关因素对比分析,了解伴有阻塞性肺炎小细胞肺癌患者临床特点。方法采用回顾性分析方法,收集2003年1月至2013年1月大连医科大学附属第二医院所收治的经组织学或细胞学确诊的小细胞肺癌患者共450例。经核查资料后,进入统计学的伴有阻塞性肺炎组100例,不伴有阻塞性肺炎组112例,均为初治。对以下因素进行分析：性别、年龄、居住环境、吸烟情况、分期、肿瘤位置、病理类型、初始疗效、NSE（神经元特异性烯醇化酶）。计数资料率和构成比的比较采用卡方检验。结果本组研究中伴有阻塞性肺炎组患者100例中,吸烟患者占76%,小细胞未分化癌患者占81%,中心型癌患者占52%,广泛期患者占57%,NSE阳性率为92%,均高于不伴有阻塞性肺炎组患者。不伴有阻塞性肺炎组的小细胞癌患者初始疗效有效率明显高于伴有阻塞性肺炎组患者。两组在性别、年龄、居住环境方面差异无统计学意义。结论伴有阻塞性肺炎组的小细胞肺癌患者NSE阳性率高于不伴有阻塞性肺炎组。吸烟是小细胞肺癌患者发生阻塞性肺炎的高危因素。阻塞性肺炎降低小细胞癌患者化疗初始疗效。