The binding of anionic and nonionic surfactants to collagen through the hydrophobic effect

The adsorption of nonionic surfactants on hide powder previously treated with anionic surfactants has been studied. The adsorption of nonionic surfactants takes place through hydrophobic interactions. A mechanism has been proposed for this interaction, assuming that the nonionic surfactant has been fixed by means of secondary adsorption (hydrophobic interaction) after the primary adsorption of the anionic surfactant (ionic and hydrophobic interaction) which makes it possible.     

Antimicrobial effect of different herbal plant extracts against different microbial population

This study evaluates the antimicrobial effects of ethanolic extract of five herbal plants; Guava (Psidium guajava), Sage (Salvia officinalis), Rhamnus (Ziziphusspina Christi), Mulberry (Morusalba L.), and Olive (Oleaeuropaea L) leaves against several microbial population representing Gram positive, Gram negative and Mollicutes; S. aureus, E. coli, Pasteurella multocida, B. cereus, Salmonella Enteritidis and M. gallisepticum using standard agar disc diffusion technique and minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC). Different extracts reveal variable results against the microorganism under study. All extracts have no antibacterial potency for Mycoplasma gallisepticum except Psidium guajava. The results of minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) and Minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of the extracts against the six bacteria ranged from 625 to 5000 μg/ml. The used herbal extract could inhibit the selected microorganism under study with variable minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC).     

消毒剂对环境菌株抑制作用的研究

目的 研究企业常用消毒剂对于洁净室环境监测分离的菌株样本的抑制作用。方法 通过VITEK2-COMPACT全自动细菌鉴定及药敏分析系统鉴定收集到的环境菌株。对3种消毒剂(碘伏、无水乙醇和苯扎溴铵)进行梯度稀释,利用打孔法研究3种消毒剂在不同含量下对环境菌株的抑制作用。结果 共检出革兰阳性菌8种、革兰阴性菌2种、酵母菌1种、芽孢杆菌2种;苯扎溴铵对革兰阳性菌的抑菌能力都较强,随着含量的降低,抑菌作用逐渐减弱;碘伏对革兰阴性菌及酵母菌的抑制作用都非常强,随着含量降低,抑菌作用逐渐降低。3种消毒剂对2种芽孢杆菌的抑制作用均有限。结论 用1.00%苯扎溴铵和0.50%的碘伏抑菌作用都非常强。另外,应配合使用杀孢子剂,避免芽孢杆菌孢子在空气中传播。     

Booster effect of canine distemper, canine parvovirus infection and infectious canine hepatitis combination vaccine in domesticated adult dogs

Domesticated adult dogs with antibody titer classified as below 'high' to one or more of canine distemper virus (CDV), canine parvovirus type-2 (CPV-2) and canine adenovirus type-1 (CAdV-1) were then given an additional inoculation, and the effectiveness of this booster evaluated 2 months later. Consequently, CDV and CAdV-1 antibody titer experienced a significant increase, but the same effect was not observed in the antibody titer of CPV-2. These findings suggest that with additional inoculation, a booster effect may be expected in increasing antibody titers for CDV and CAdV-1, but it is unlikely to give an increase in CPV-2 antibody titer.     

莫西沙星溶液雾化吸入治疗COPD合并呼吸衰竭的疗效

目的:探讨莫西沙星溶液雾化吸入治疗慢性阻塞性肺病(COPD)合并呼吸衰竭的疗效。方法:选择2014年5月~2016年5月于我院就诊的94例COPD合并呼吸衰竭患者,参照抽签法分为对照组(n=47)与研究组(n=47),对照组行常规治疗,研究组基于对照组加用莫西沙星溶液雾化吸入治疗。比较两组的疗效,血清肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、C反应蛋白(CRP)、白细胞介素10(IL-10)水平、肌酸磷酸激酶(CK)、谷草转氨酶(AST)水平,血氧分压(PaO_2)、二氧化碳分压(PaCO_2),APACHEⅡ评分和不良反应的发生情况。结果:治疗后,研究组的总有效率显著高于对照组(P0.05),血清TNF-α、CRP、CK、LDH、AST、PaCO_2、APACHEⅡ评分均明显低于对照组(P0.05),血清IL-10、PaO_2水平均高于对照组(P0.05)。两组不良反应的发生情况比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:莫西沙星溶液雾化吸入治疗COPD合并呼吸衰竭的疗效确切,可能与其有效抑制炎症反应,改善呼吸有关。     

Synthesis and geometry of methyl (methyl 4-O-acetyl-3-azido-2,3-dideoxy-alpha/beta-D-arabino- and -alpha/beta-D-ribo-hexopyranosid)uronates

The synthesis of methyl (methyl 4-O-acetyl-3-azido-2,3-dideoxy-alpha/beta-D-arabino- and -alpha/beta-D-ribo-hexopyranosid)uronates is presented. High resolution (1)H and (13)C NMR spectral data for all diastereoisomers and single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis for methyl (methyl 3-azido-2,3-dideoxy-beta-D-arabino-hexopyranosid)uronate are reported. The planarity of the 4-OAc and 5-COOMe groups as well as the orientations of the aglycone and azide groups in the crystal lattice is discussed. The influence of the 5-COOMe group on the pyranose ring conformation is considered.     

Interactions of a designed peptide with lipopolysaccharide: Bound conformation and anti-endotoxic activity

Designed peptides that would selectively interact with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or endotoxin and fold into specific conformations could serve as important scaffolds toward the development of antisepsis compounds. Here, we describe solution structure of a designed amphipathic peptide, H₂N-YVKLWRMIKFIR-CONH₂ (YW12D) in complex with endotoxin as determined by transferred nuclear Overhauser effect spectroscopy. The conformation of the isolated peptide is highly flexible, but undergoes a dramatic structural stabilization in the presence of LPS. Structure calculations reveal that the peptide presents two amphipathic surfaces in its bound state to LPS whereby each surface is characterized by two positive charges and a number of aromatic and/or aliphatic residues. ITC data suggests that peptide interacts with two molecules of lipid A. In activity assays, YW12D exhibits neutralization of LPS toxicity with very little hemolysis of red blood cells. Structural and functional properties of YW12D would be applicable in designing low molecular weight non-toxic antisepsis molecules.     

培菲康在儿童腹型过敏性紫癜中的应用

目的探讨活菌剂培菲康在腹型过敏性紫癜(HSP)治疗中的辅助作用。方法选择2004年8月至2006年1月,腹型HSP的住院患儿325例,其中男187例,女138例,年龄3～14岁,病程1～16 d。随机分为培菲康治疗组173例,对照组152例。2组病例在性别、年龄、病程长短及临床表现方面差异均无统计学意义。所有患儿入院后均予免动物蛋白流食或禁食。对照组给予维生素C、能量合剂、西米替丁及糖皮质激素等综合治疗,合并感染者给予抗生素、消化道出血的给予止血敏、维生素K1等。观察组在此基础上加用培菲康1袋,3次/d。用药1周后进行疗效判定。结果 2组患者治疗效果比较:总有效率培菲康治疗组为96.5%,对照组为91.4%,P<0.05。2组患者消化道症状消失时间比较:培菲康治疗组小于对照组,P<0.05。结论活菌剂培菲康对腹型HSP的治疗显示出了一定的疗效,临床证明培菲康可保护胃黏膜,防止胃肠道出血,减轻腹痛症状,从而可缩短病程,临床值得应用。其作用机制目前尚不明确,可能与其发挥免疫系统的调节作用有关。     

氮、磷、钾肥配施对桂花品种'金玉台阁'开花性状及叶片中叶绿素和营养元素含量的影响

以桂花品种'金玉台阁'(Osmanthus fragrans'Jinyu Taige')盆栽苗为供试材料,采用"3414"肥料效应试验设计方案,研究了不同单株施用量CO(NH2)2(0.0、1.0、2.0和3.0 g)、NH4H2PO4(0.0、1.5、3.0和4.5 g)和KCl(0.0、0.5、1.0、1.5 g)对秋冬生长期(2014年10月至2015年2月)'金玉台阁'开花性状及叶片中叶绿素和营养元素的影响进行了比较和分析,并筛选出适宜的氮、磷、钾肥施用量.结果表明:与CK〔CO(NH2)2、NH4H2PO4和KCl的单株施用量均为0.0 g〕组相比,各氮、磷、钾肥配施处理组'金玉台阁'的单株产花量、花瓣相对含水量、花径以及叶片中叶绿素、全氮、全磷和全钾的含量总体上显著升高.CO(NH2)2单株施用量对'金玉台阁'单株产花量、叶片中叶绿素含量和全氮含量的影响最大,NH4H2PO4单株施用量对这3个指标的影响次之;NH4H2PO4单株施用量对'金玉台阁'叶片中全磷含量的影响最大;KCl单株施用量对'金玉台阁'花瓣相对含水量、花径及叶片中全钾含量的影响最大.在秋冬生长期内叶片中叶绿素含量呈先降低后升高的趋势,均在12月份降至最低值.通过建立'金玉台阁'单株产花量(y)与CO(NH2)2、NH4 H2 PO4和KCl的单株施用量(分别为xN、xP和xK)间的肥料效应模型,得到的三元二次肥料效应模型为y=1.2027+0.7561×xN+0.2632×xP+0.4590×xK-0.2761×xN2-0.1201×xP2-0.5007×xK2+0.1901×xN×xP-0.0960×xN×xK+0.1185×xP×xK.以单株产花量为目标,'金玉台阁'的CO(NH2)2、NH4 H2 PO4和KCl的最佳单株施用量分别为2.58、3.56和0.86 g.