Light effects on root formation in aspen and willow cuttings

The effect of light on rooting of leafy cuttings of aspen (Populus tremula × tremuloides) and a willow hybrid (Salix caprea × viminalis) was investigated under controlled conditions in water culture. Two levels of irradiance were used, 40 and 8 W m^?2. The lower level gave the best rooting of aspen cuttings, both when applied to the stock plants before the cuttings were taken and when given to the cuttings during the rooting period. Irradiation of the cutting base during the rooting period inhibited rooting almost completely in aspen and decreased the number of roots formed in the Salix hybrid. Net photosynthesis in the cuttings of Salix decreased considerably after excision and increased again after formation of roots. Indirect evidence indicated that photosynthesis was even more affected in aspen cuttings. The possible roles of carbohydrates and inhibitors in the light effects are discussed.     

Effects of nutrients and arbuscular mycorrhizal colonization on the growth of Salix gracilistyla seedlings in a nutrient-poor fluvial bar

A field survey and a pot culture experiment were conducted to examine the effects of nutrients (N and P) and arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi on the growth of Salix gracilistyla, a pioneer plant in riparian habitats. The plants growing in the field were colonized by AM and/or ectomycorrhizal fungi. However, the direct effect of AM colonization on seedling growth was not detected in the pot culture experiment. In contrast, N application significantly promoted plant growth, suggesting that the growth of S. gracilistyla seedlings is largely limited by the availability of N in the field.     

北极巴罗地区2种灌木植物及其花粉形态

观察了北极巴罗(Barrow)地区2种灌木植物,全缘叶仙女木(Dryas integrifolia M.Vahl)和圆叶柳(Salix rotundifolia Trautv.)的形态、生境以及它们的花粉形态.这2种植物形态矮小或匍匐蔓生;全缘叶仙女木叶短小似披针状或扁平,全缘;圆叶柳叶圆形,叶脉显著,根、茎、叶均含丰富Vc.它们的花粉形态为球形、近球形或长球形,其萌发孔均为三孔沟或拟三孔沟,花粉均为辐射对称.全缘叶仙女木花粉外壁纹饰在光学显微镜下(LM)为细网状纹饰,在扫描电子显微镜(SEM)下为条纹状纹饰;圆叶柳在LM和SEM下均为细网状纹饰.通过与中国产和日本产相似种的比较研究,显示它们应是温带亚洲高山起源及部分起源于北极本部.     

寄生于柳属植物的Uncinula adunca的生物学特性

介绍了柳树白粉病病原菌Uncinula adunca的生物学特性,揭示了西伯利亚地区该菌在症状、无性型阶段及有性型阶段形成等方面的不同,同时还指出了该病原菌子实体的一些生物学特性。     

北京地区侧柏和垂柳释放有益挥发性有机物组分日动态变化特征

以侧柏(Platycladus orientalis)和垂柳(Salix babylonica)为研究对象,采用动态顶空套袋采集法和自动热脱附-气相色谱/质谱联用技术来分析这些植物释放的挥发性有机物(VOCs)的组成和释放模式。选择不同的时间和天气条件下的样本进行采集,并记录相关信息。通过对原始数据的分析,确定有益挥发性有机物(BVOCs)的成分和相对百分含量。研究结果显示,侧柏和垂柳在不同季节释放的BVOCs成分主要包括醇类、醛类、烯烃类等其他类化合物,这些有益BVOCs在植物的生理和生态功能中扮演着重要的角色,对于深入了解植物与环境之间的相互作用具有重要意义。侧柏和垂柳释放BVOCs成分在不同季节会有所变化。其次,研究分析了侧柏和垂柳在不同季节中有益BVOCs成分的含量和变动趋势。侧柏在不同季节的释放模式呈现出明显的差异。春季的释放模式呈现出“单峰单谷”曲线,夏季的释放模式呈现出“单峰”曲线,而秋季的释放模式呈现出“双峰单谷”曲线。这表明侧柏在不同季节中的挥发物释放存在明显的季节性变化。相比之下,垂柳的释放模式在不同季节中相对稳定,呈现出一致的“单峰型”曲线。这说明垂柳的挥发物释放...     

不同沙地生境下黄柳(Salix gordejevii)种群若干数量特征的比较研究

对分布于３种不同沙地生境（半固定沙丘、固定沙丘、丘间低地）黄柳灌丛的个体形态、生长和群体数量特征进行了比较研究,同时测定了灌丛下草本层植物种类组成及频率。结果显示：分布于丘间低地的黄柳灌丛当年枝平均长度增加缓慢,短枝条的比例较高,枝长频度分布（当年枝）峰值偏左,分枝也较多,叶片短而狭,长宽比大;与之相比,分布于半固定沙丘上的灌丛当年枝平均长度增加较快,长枝条比例较高,枝长频度分布趋于正态分布,分枝     

不同气温条件下旱柳(Salix matsudana Koidz)幼苗的水分和构型特征

利用小温棚升高气温,探讨气温升高对半干旱毛乌素沙地乡土沙生乔木如何缓冲气温升高所带来的不利影响。水分饱和亏缺和失水系数均表现出随气温升高而降低的趋势。组织密度的变化趋势恰好相反;气温长高显著影响枝茎截面积比、叶干重茎截面积比、叶面积茎截面积比、叶干重枝截面积比和叶面积枝截面积比;叶死亡率和叶周转随气温升高呈现出降低趋势,而叶出生率和叶面积的变化格局为“钟形”曲线,气温升高促进分枝产生、增加分枝长度和角度,这利于增大植冠郁闭度。     

A method for inducing xylem emboli in situ: experiments with a field-grown tree

A pressure collar, assembled around 25cm sections of 4-year-old willow twigs, was used to examine cavitation events under field conditions. When the air pressure inside the collar was raised to between 1–8 and 2–8MPa, ultrasound acoustic emission signals were triggered which indicated the breaking of water columns in the xylem. The hydraulic conductivity of the twig portion inside the chamber decreased markedly. As a result, water potentials and conductances in leaves at the end of the twig decreased. Similar changes were induced at comparable pressures in detached twigs. The equipment used is described in detail, and evidence is presented that the mechanism of this artificial production of emboli follows the air-seeding principle hypothesized for natural cavitation events.     

东祁连山高寒草地柳灌丛群落种间关联性

采用联结系数和共同出现百分率,对东祁连山高寒地区柳灌丛群落种间关联性进行了研究。结果表明,柳灌丛群落内灌木植物种群间的关系表现为以下3种类型1)正联结。海拔3050m除坡柳与杯腺柳之间无关联外,其它种对均表现为正联结,海拔3050、3100、3200以及3250m处金露梅与高山绣线菊之间、海拔3150~3350m山生柳与金露梅之间、海拔3300、3350以及3450m处山生柳与头花杜鹃之间等,表现出正关联;2)负联结。海拔3100m处金露梅和川滇柳之间、海拔3150m处山生柳与坡柳以及金露梅和坡柳之间、海拔3450m处山生柳与杯腺柳之间、川滇柳和头花杜鹃之间,表现为负关联;3)无联结。海拔3050m坡柳与杯腺柳之间、海拔3100~3250m头花杜鹃与其它种群之间以及海拔3400m处除高山绣线菊与头花杜鹃之间外,各种群之间,无任何关联种对。