In vitro translation of human pheochromocytoma messenger RNAs: characterization of tyrosine-hydroxylase and dopamine-beta-hydroxylase

mRNAs extracted from human pheochromocytoma were translated in vitro in a lysate of a rabbit reticulocytes. Two enzymes of the biosynthetic pathway of the catecholamines, tyrosine-hydroxylase (TH) and dopamine-beta-hydroxylase (DBH), were characterized as translation products after immunoprecipitation by specific antisera and electrophoretic analysis. The precursor of TH is a polypeptide having a molecular mass of 62,000 identical to that found for the mature protein. The molecular mass of the precursor of DBH 73,000 while that of the mature form is 79,000. TH and DBH have been translated from mRNAs having sedimentation coefficients of 22S and 25S, respectively.     

长非编码RNA PVT1与消化系统肿瘤

长非编码RNA（long non-coding RNAs, lncRNAs）在肿瘤发生、发展进程中承担重要角色,是近年来的研究热点之一。大量研究表明,浆细胞瘤变异易位基因1（plasmacytoma variant translocation 1, PVT1）可通过多种分子机制参与调控消化系统肿瘤的增殖凋亡、迁移侵袭、细胞自噬、血管生成、多药耐药及肿瘤代谢等过程,从而发挥致癌作用。本文主要就PVT1在消化系统肿瘤中的表达水平变化,及其与临床病理特征和预后的关系,以及PVT1对消化系统肿瘤的致癌作用机制和多药耐药机制等研究进展作一综述。     

Cytokinin-induced switch in development in excised cotyledons of radiata pine cultured in vitro

Cotyledons of Pinus radiata D. Don were cultured under shoot-forming (plus cytokinin) and elongating (minus cytokinin) conditions. Using. autoradiographic and precursor incorporation techniques, the sites and rate of macromolecular synthesis were examined during the first five days in culture. Active incorporation of ³H-thymidine, ³ H-uridine and ³H-leucine occurred. In shoot-forming cotyledons the incorporation became preferentially located in the epidermal and sub-epidermal cell layers in contact with the medium. In elongating cotyledons, in contrast, incorporation was randomly distributed, and the amount of incorporation declined with time. Biochemically, differences in DNA, RNA and total protein synthetic patterns were observed. In elongating cotyledons the rates of RNA and protein synthesis were higher during the first 48 h than in shoot-forming tissues, after which the synthetic rates were similar. Two peaks of newly formed DNA were observed in both tissues. These findings indicate that the cytokinin-induced changes in developmental pathways began within 24 h in culture.     

cGMP、cAMP及两种cAMP衍生物对大鼠肝细胞核体外转录系统的影响

 本文介绍了以α-鹅膏蕈碱和低浓度KCl为手段建立了RNA聚合酶Ⅰ、RNA聚合酶Ⅱ活性的细胞核转录系统进而研究了cGMP、cAMP、cAMP丁酯及cAMP硫代环磷酰二乙胺对大鼠肝细胞核中RNA聚合酶Ⅰ与Ⅱ活性的影响。结果显示cGMP可以提高RNA聚合酶Ⅰ的活性;cAMP主要提高RNA聚合酶Ⅱ的活极,而cAMP分子结构变化产生的丁酯及硫代环磷酰二乙胺衍生物可增强cAMP的这种作用,为深入研究cAMP的构效关系提供了实验依据。     

DNA-dependent RNA polymerase from Spirochaeta aurantia

Abstract A DNA-dependent RNA polymerase was isolated from Spirochaeta aurantia . The M _r values of the holoenzyme subunits are 164000, 142000, 84000, and 44500. The RNA polymerase activity was sensitive to heparin, streptolydigin, and actinomycin D, while rifampicin and streptovaricin did not inhibit activity.     

Isolation and characterization of a human interleukin 2 gene

An interleukin 2 (IL-2) gene was isolated from a Charon 4A human gene library. Electron microscopic examination of 15 heteroduplexes formed between the genomic DNAs and the IL-2 cDNAs demonstrated that the size of the IL-2 gene is about 5.1 +/- 0.5 kb and that there are at least two introns in this gene. Nucleotide sequence of the 5' flanking region of the IL-2 gene showed a homology with that of the corresponding region of the human immune interferon gene.     

Kinetics of 5-enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate synthase inhibition by glyphosate

The herbicide glyphosate (N-phosphonomethyl glycine) is a potent reversible inhibitor of the 5-enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate (EPSP) synthase activity of the purified arom multienzyme complex from Neurospora crassa. Inhibition of the EPSP synthase reaction by glyphosate is competitive with respect to phosphoenolpyruvate, with K(i) 1.1 microM, and uncompetitive with respect to shikimate-3-phosphate. The kinetic patterns are consistent with a compulsory order sequential mechanism in which either PEP or glyphosate can bind to an enzyme: shikimate-3-phosphate complex.     

Different structure of polytene chromosomes ofPhaseolus coccineus suspensors during early embryogenesis

Summary The pattern of DNA and RNA puffs in pair VII of polytene chromosomes has been investigated in the suspensor ofPhaseolus coccineus during early embryo development. The pattern of³H-TdR and³H-U incorporation has been also detected. Collected data indicate that: 1. both heterochromatic regions, p₁₁ and q_(111+112), of chromosome pair VII, organize large DNA puffs; 2. DNA puffs of both regions are specific of different embryo differentiation steps; 3. a seasonal influence on the DNA puffing seems also to be present, as demonstrated by the comparison of the results collected in two different crops; 4. the incorporation experiment by³H-TdR evidences that not all DNA puffs show clustered labeling; 5. the RNA puffing of the two regions seems also to be specific of determined embryo stages.